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This research aims to determine the influence of applying problem solving learning methods on student learning outcomes in the class X Islamic Cultural History subject. The type of research used is quantitative research using a Pre-Experimental design (one-group-pretest-posttest Design). The population in this study was 253 and the sample in this study was 53. The sampling technique used by researchers was Cluster Sampling. The research results obtained based on the results of the paired samples t-test analysis obtained a sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 with a significance level of α=0.05, which means 0.000 <0.05, so Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Meanwhile, it is known that the data df=31, the significance level α=0.05, the t-count value = 24.002 and the t-table = 2.021 so it can be stated that the t-count value is greater than the t-table meaning 24.002>2.021 with a correlation level of 0.960 . So Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning the influence of problem solving learning methods on student learning outcomes in SKI subjects in class is -0.041 (experimental class posttest = 84.84 and control class posttest = 59.05) which means the average score for the experimental class posttest is higher than the control class posttest. Thus it can be concluded that the problem solving method influences student learning outcomes in the SKI class X MAN 3 Banyuwangi subject.

The social media-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) model is an innovative approach in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning that utilizes digital platforms to build more interesting and relevant learning interactions. This study aims to examine the extent of the effectiveness of this model in improving students' understanding of Islamic values, such as morals, ethics, and morals. By using social media, students are invited to discuss and solve problems related to current issues, making the learning process more contextual and experience-based. This research was conducted by literature study method, analyzing various literature related to the implementation of the PBL model, the use of social media in education, and its role in the formation of Islamic character. The results of the study show that this model is able to increase students' involvement in learning and deepen their appreciation of Islamic values through active interaction and critical reflection. However, the implementation of this model is inseparable from challenges such as disruption from irrelevant content, lack of digital literacy, and limited access to technology. To overcome this, good social media management, supervision of student activities, and improvement of digital infrastructure in schools are needed. With the right approach, the social media-based PBL model has the potential to be an effective strategy in building students' Islamic character in the digital era.

This research aimed to improve students’ activities and learning outcomes of Mathematics in solving problems related to money on chapter whole numbers up to 100.000 by using project-based learning integrated with social emotional learning (SEL) for students at class 5 in SDN Pilangrejo 02. This research used classroom action research which carried out in 2 cycles. Each cycle was carried out in 4 stages, includes planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research used observation, tests and documentation as the instruments. The data analysis used qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The result of this study showed the percentage of students’ activity in cycle I reached 58.84% and increased 87.23% in cycle II. The percentage of learning outcomes in pre-test (pre-cycle) reached 27.28% with average score of 60, it increased 72.23% with average score of 80 in post-test (cycle I), and increased to 90% with average score of 93 in post-test (cycle II). So, it concluded that the implementation of Project Based Learning integrated with Social Emotional Learning (SEL) can improve the students’ activities and learning outcomes of mathematics subjects at class 5 in SDN Pilangrejo 02.

This study aims to explore the role of entrepreneurship-based social studies learning in building the independent character of 5th grade elementary school students. Using a qualitative approach, this study examines the impact of implementing entrepreneurial learning in the context of social studies on the development of students' independent attitudes, social skills, and ability to innovate. Data were obtained through literature review and content analysis of various relevant literatures, as well as observation of entrepreneurship learning practices in elementary schools. The results show that entrepreneurship-based social studies learning significantly contributes to improving students' independent character, including the ability to make decisions, manage resources, and innovate in solving problems. In addition, this learning also strengthens students' social skills, such as cooperation, communication and leadership. This research suggests that entrepreneurship-based social studies learning should be further expanded at the primary school level to support better development of students' independent character and prepare them to face future social and economic challenges.  

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in enhancing the critical thinking abilities of 4th-grade students. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques such as observation, interviews with mentor teachers, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of PBL has a positive impact on developing students' critical thinking skills. Students are accustomed to facing real-world problems, analyzing situations, and seeking relevant and rational solutions. Furthermore, this learning model also enhances students' communication and collaboration skills as they engage in group discussions to solve problems collectively. However, challenges in its implementation lie in time management and ensuring the active participation of all students in the learning process. Overall, this study demonstrates that PBL is effective in developing students' critical thinking abilities, as well as improving their social and communication skills, which are essential in daily life.

Learning Islamic Cultural History (SKI) at Madrasah Aliyah presents unique challenges, particularly in increasing students' interest and learning outcomes. Conventional methods such as lectures and memorization often result in low student engagement, leading to suboptimal understanding and poor learning outcomes. To address this issue, this study implements project-based learning (PjBL) as an alternative approach to enhance student learning outcomes. This study examines the effectiveness of project-based learning in improving student achievement in SKI subjects at Madrasah Aliyah 1 Kampar, specifically in class XI Science. Using the Kemmis and McTaggart classroom action research (CAR) model, the research was conducted in two cycles, involving planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observation sheets, interviews, and student and teacher questionnaires. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of this method. The findings indicate that implementing project-based learning positively impacts student learning outcomes. The average student score increased significantly from the first to the second cycle. Moreover, student engagement in learning activities improved, as seen in their active participation in discussions, material exploration, and teamwork on assigned projects. Additionally, this method helped students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration skills essential in modern education. The study confirms that project-based learning is an effective strategy for enhancing SKI education in Madrasah Aliyah. These findings suggest that educators should adopt more innovative and interactive teaching methods to foster student engagement and deeper understanding in learning.

The problem in this research is the lack of variation in learning carried out by teachers in the classroom, due to the inappropriate selection of learning models, so that learning is less than optimal. The aim is to evaluate how effective the Discovery Learning learning model is in increasing student understanding compared to conventional learning methods. The method used is an experiment with a quasi-experimental design, namely Nonequivalent Control Group Design. In this study, there were two groups: an experimental group that was taught using Discovery Learning and a control group that was not given this treatment. The population of this study were all 5th grade students at MIN 1 Soppeng. The research hypothesis analyzed using the T test is the statement that the Discovery Learning learning model influences student learning outcomes. The sample in this study was determined by a saturated population, namely 5th grade students consisting of 45 people. The data collection techniques used in this research were multiple choice tests and observation sheets, with pre-tests and post-tests to measure students' cognitive learning outcomes. The instruments used in this research were tests and non-tests. The average pretest score in the experimental class and control class was almost the same, 71.78 and 71 respectively, but in the posttest, the experimental class increased to 88.65, while the control class only reached 77.55. Thus, the experimental class experienced a more significant increase in the average posttest score compared to the control class, indicating that the intervention or treatment applied in the experimental class was more effective in improving student learning outcomes. Hypothesis testing based on t-test analysis shows significant differences between the two groups, where the calculated t value (11.22771) is greater than the t table (2.016692), so the null hypothesis (H_0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H_1) is accepted. These findings show that the Discovery Learning learning model has a greater positive impact on improving student learning outcomes compared to conventional methods, so it can be concluded that this method is effectively used in science learning at MIN 1 Soppeng.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach on the mathematical problem-solving abilities of elementary school students. RME is a learning approach that connects mathematical concepts with real situations that students can find in everyday life. The research method used is qualitative research by reviewing the results of previous studies that are relevant in the context of mathematics learning in elementary schools. Based on the analysis of various studies, the results of the study indicate that the application of RME can improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. This is evident in various materials such as geometry (circumference and area of ​​trapezoids and kites), mixed arithmetic operations, and equivalent fractions. RME also plays a role in increasing students' self-esteem and self-efficacy in learning mathematics, which in turn strengthens their motivation and performance. In addition, the learning media used in RME, such as geoboards, can enrich students' learning experiences and facilitate understanding of mathematical concepts in a more concrete way. This study provides an overview that RME not only improves students' cognitive abilities, but also supports their emotional and social development in the context of mathematics learning.

Based on the above background, the formulation of the problem in the study is "How is the Implementation of Extracurricular Learning in Sinaran Songs at SMK Negeri 7 Palembang" This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach to examine how extracurricular learning of "sinaran" songs at SMK Negeri 7 Palembang takes place based on its quality. In line with the chosen approach, the method used in this study is a descriptive method. This method is used to recognize and describe the actual state of the research object in accordance with the findings during the research in the field, regarding extracurricular learning of the song "sinaran" at SMK Negeri 7 Palembang.From the discussion above, it can be said that the teaching method used by the trainer in this extracurricular activity is successful. Students who were initially not skilled in playing musical instruments have made significant progress. Previously, they lacked confidence when performing in public, but now they are showing an increase in confidence. Researchers concluded that coaches not only focus on skill development, but also on strengthening students' mentality to be more confident when performing. The conclusion that the researcher can describe in this discussion is that the method applied by the trainer has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the peer tutor method applied by the trainer can make students more comfortable in interacting because it creates a learning atmosphere that tends to be relaxed, can increase confidence, reduce pressure or be less afraid to make mistakes in acting or asking questions. 

Bullying in the school environment is a problem that has a serious impact on students' emotional, social and academic development. This research aims to analyze efforts to prevent bullying behavior through a collaborative-based Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning approach for students at SMP Negeri 35 Medan. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were PPKn teachers and students in grades VII and VIII of SMP Negeri 35 Medan. The research results show that collaborative-based Civics learning is effective in increasing students' awareness about the impact of bullying and strengthening positive social relationships between them. Supporting factors for implementing this method include teacher support, student enthusiasm, and school policies, while inhibiting factors include time constraints and students' lack of initial understanding about collaboration. The results of this research show that the collaborative learning approach in Civics is able to create a safe and inclusive learning environment, while preventing bullying behavior. This research recommends further development of collaborative methods involving learning technology to strengthen the results achieved.

This study aims to determine the influence of the Problem Based Learning strategy on the social behavior of fifth grade students in learning Akidah Akhlak at MIN 3 South Labuhanbatu. To discuss and examine the problems described above, the author uses quantitative data management, the author determines a sample of 2 classes as experimental and control classes, namely 32 students in class V-A as the experimental class, and 32 students in class V-B as the control class. This was done to find out how the influence of the Problem Based Learning strategy on the social behavior of fifth grade students in learning Akidah Akhlak at MIN 3 South Labuhanbatu. The research hypothesis testing used regression analysis. The results of the regression calculation showed a regression equation of 48.615 0.353X and a correlation coefficient of R value of 0.862 which if interpreted based on the table can be interpreted as the relationship between the two variables, namely the Problem Based Learning learning strategy (X) with the social behavior variable in learning Akidah Akhlak (Y) in the very strong category and the hypothesis can be accepted.

This research seeks to identify the sources and locations of arithmetic learning challenges related to integer counting operations. Class VI, which is the focus of this study, has an average math score that is lower than the KKM. Methods such as tests, observations, and interviews are used to gather data. Students' mastery of the topic of whole number counting operations was assessed using the test technique, which consisted of a 10-question essay. Finding out how the subject is doing during math learning activities and what variables could influence math learning are both accomplished via the use of the observation technique. The purpose of the interview was to get a clear understanding of the challenges that students have while studying the content for integer counting operations. Fifty percent of students had trouble with skills, 23.3% had trouble with ideas, and 20% had trouble with problem solving, according to the data from the final analysis. This includes students in the adequate group. Teachers are encouraged to shape mathematics teaching patterns based on more than just pupils' problem-solving abilities. More significant, however, is figuring out how to encourage pupils to comprehend and fully grasp current ideas so that they do not have any trouble understanding mathematics. 

This research is based on the limited use of learning media among teachers, although the media is important to support 21st century learning that should utilize technology. The lack of special media for multiplication materials in grade III of elementary school causes learning to be less in line with the stage of cognitive development of students. Usually, teachers use lecture methods and multiplication tables, which makes students tend to only listen and memorize. As a solution, researchers developed the Interactive Multiplication Stacking Board media, which aims to facilitate the understanding of the concept of multiplication through the repeated multiplication approach so that students can understand the concept of multiplication concretely. This research aims to design, develop, and test the feasibility of the learning media. The method used is Design-Based Research with the Reeves model, which includes problem identification, prototype development based on relevant theories, as well as product testing and improvement through validity tests and repeated trials. The final result of this research is the Interactive Multiplication Stacking Board learning media that is ready to be used to support multiplication learning in class III in elementary school.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the use of inquiry-based learning design in improving students' conceptual understanding. This research uses the literature study method. The literature study method is conducted by collecting and reviewing various relevant literature, including scientific journals, books, articles, and research reports that discuss the topic of inquiry-based learning and its relation to students' conceptual understanding. The results of this study show that inquiry-based learning strategy is an approach that places students as the center of learning, encouraging them to think critically and discover knowledge independently, while the teacher acts as a facilitator in the process of formulating problems to draw conclusions. This method is effective for developing students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities and adapts to their individual learning styles, although it can be a challenge for students who are used to conventional learning. Meanwhile, students' concept understanding includes the ability to master, apply, and explain a concept through various indicators, such as giving examples, distinguishing, and applying concepts in various situations.

This research is based on the importance of learning realistic mathematics in mathematics. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of learning by using realistic mathematics learning models in improving the mathematical understanding of students of class VI MIN 2 Mataram City. PMR is a learning approach to mathematics that involves the reality and experience of students. In mathematics learning students are required to be more active in finding and finding solutions to a problem, so that learning that occurs will be centered on students. The research method used is a qualiative method for collecting data through observation, interviews and documents. The results showed that the application of realistic mathematics learning was effective in increasing students' mathematical understanding in the discovery of mathematical concepts through contextual learning and relevant to daily life. Thus, this research provides a significant involvement in understanding the role of PMR in increasing the mathematical understanding of students as well as part of an effective mathematical learning approach.

This study aims to achieve several main objectives in order to overcome the existing problems and improve the effectiveness of PjBL in Islamic Education learning.  The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research, which aims to understand and describe the implementation of Project-based Learning (PjBL) in the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. This research focuses on an in-depth exploration of the experiences and views of educators and learners regarding the implementation of PjBL. The results of this study show that the implementation of Project-based Learning (PjBL) at SMPN 1 Sungai Sariak revealed several key findings. Teacher readiness is a crucial factor in the implementation of PjBL, with the main challenges being concept understanding, pedagogical skills, and limited resources and administrative support. Despite enthusiasm, teachers require ongoing training and improved access to resources. The impact of PjBL on learners' understanding showed improvements in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects, strengthening understanding of religious concepts, critical thinking skills, and student motivation and engagement. PjBL also develops 21st century skills such as critical thinking, creativity, collaboration and communication, although challenges related to resources and time remain. Overall, despite significant challenges, PjBL has great potential to improve the quality of learning at SMPN 1 Sungai Sariak with proper support and management.

Learning media is one of the most important things in the learning process, so innovation is needed so that the media can overcome problems that exist in schools. This study focuses on the development of interactive learning multimedia assisted by lectora inspire on the sub-element of food safety for students of SMK Kuliner Phase E. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of interactive learning multimedia assisted by lectora inspire software based on media expert tests, material expert tests and student responses. This research method uses R&D with the ADDIE development model, the process used through four stages, namely analysis, design, development and implementation. The data collection instruments used are material expert validation sheets, media expert validation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis using a Likert scale. The results of this study show the percentage of material expert eligibility of 92%, media expert validation of 90% and student responses of 83% with very feasible criteria. Thus, interactive learning multimedia assisted by lectora inspire on the sub-element of food safety for students of SMK Kuliner Phase E that has been developed is feasible for use in learning

This research aims to determine the increase in mathematical problem solving abilities in permutation material through the problem based learning (PBL) learning model. This research is classroom action research (PTK) with research subjects being students of class XI TPM 2 SMK Negeri 1 Madiun, totaling 34 students. In this research, the instruments used were problem-solving ability tests and observation sheets. In this research there are two cycles, where each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection which follows the Lewin model procedure. In this study, the minimum learning completeness obtained was >75%. The analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative which is adapted to the Hiles and Huberman technique, including data collection, data reduction, drawing conclusions and verification. The results of this research show that there is an increase in problem solving abilities using the problem based learning (PBL) learning model. This can be seen from the number of students who have achieved the very good problem solving ability category, namely 15.63% in the pre-cycle, then increasing to 25 % in cycle 1, and then increased in cycle 2, namely 53%, and in cycle 2 learning completion had reached 84.38%.  

This research aims to determine the influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Ability on Ecosystem Material for Class X Students of State High School 2 Gowa. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental type of research or also called quasi-experiment with a "random pretest posttest control group" design model. There are two data collection techniques in this research, namely, test and non-test, then the data collected is analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential test analysis. The research results show that the average critical thinking ability students in the experimental class who were taught using the Problem Based Learning learning model were in the very good category with an average score of 78.52 and students' critical thinking abilities, while in the control class who were taught using the lecture method were adequate with an average score 52.55. Inferential analysis in hypothesis testing shows significant results with a sig value of 0.000 > 0.05 so that there is an influence of the Problem Based Learning learning model on students' critical thinking abilities in ecosystem material. This is also reinforced by the results of observations regarding student activity increasing.

Family well-being is very important for the lives of individuals and communities. A happy and The problem with learning German grammar at the A2 level is that many students still struggle to understand sentence structure, especially when using the perfect tense, subordinate clauses with "weil," and the genitive case. Students often find it challenging to remember grammar rules and how to apply them in sentences. The aim of this study is to develop interactive learning media in the form of Kodular-based applications to address these issues and support learning German grammar at the A2 level. The app is designed with relevant grammar materials and uses the 4D model development method (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), which reaches only the development stage without dissemination. The app was created on the visual platform Kodular, which enables users to develop Android apps without programming knowledge. The results show that the app is an effective learning medium, with a validation score of 90 (excellent) for the material content and 92.5 (excellent) for the media aspects. With a file size of 5.08 MB, this application enables users to learn German grammar independently anytime and anywhere.