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Rekonsiliasi obat adalah salah satu standar pelayanan farmasi klinik di rumah sakit yang mengumpulkan informasi obat sebelum masuk rumah sakit, kemudian diselaraskan dengan resep obat saat masuk rumah sakit. Rekonsiliasi obat dilakukan untuk mencegah kesalahan dalam pengobatan (medication error). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi rekonsiliasi obat terhadap keberhasilan pengobatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Systematic literature review mengacu pada PRISMA 2020 dengan metode pencarian PICO Framework. Artikel diperoleh melalui Google Scholar dengan kriteria penelitian di Indonesia, terbit tahun 2021–2025, tersedia full-text, dan terkait implementasi rekonsiliasi obat. Dari artikel yang teridentifikasi, 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Rekonsiliasi obat terbukti menurunkan medication discrepancy dan medication error. Faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi meliputi keterlibatan apoteker klinik, kepatuhan staf terhadap standar operasional, komunikasi antarprofesi, dokumentasi yang lengkap, dukungan sistem informasi rumah sakit, serta karakteristik pasien dan karakteristik obat. Temuan ini sejalan dengan rekomendasi WHO melalui Medication Without Harm dan standar The Joint Commission. Rekonsiliasi obat merupakan strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien dan keberhasilan pengobatan. Penguatan kompetensi apoteker, kolaborasi interprofesi, sistem informasi, dan keterlibatan pasien diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan implementasinya di Indonesia.

Anemia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang banyak terjadi pada remaja putri dan wanita usia subur. Rendahnya pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya konsumsi tablet tambah darah dan vitamin B kompleks dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya anemia yang berdampak pada kesehatan dan produktivitas. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pentingnya konsumsi tablet tambah darah dan vitamin B kompleks sebagai upaya pencegahan anemia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan kesehatan melalui media leaflet yang dilaksanakan pada masyarakat Gintungan RT 06/RW 02, Desa Gogik, Ungaran Barat. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 37 peserta yang terdiri atas remaja putri, wanita usia subur, ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, dan masyarakat umum. Materi yang diberikan meliputi pengertian anemia, faktor risiko, manfaat tablet tambah darah dan vitamin B kompleks, aturan konsumsi, efek samping, faktor yang memengaruhi penyerapan zat besi, serta pola makan bergizi untuk mencegah anemia. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 35,1% setelah penyuluhan. Peserta juga menunjukkan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai manfaat suplemen, cara konsumsi yang benar, dan upaya pencegahan anemia. Penyuluhan menggunakan media leaflet efektif sebagai sarana edukasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pencegahan anemia.

The high number of elderly people has led to various health problems that must be faced. However, there are still elderly people who are reluctant to carry out regular physical activity, so the health status and quality of life of the elderly also decline. Aims: This systematic review aims to identify the relationship between social cognitive theory (SCT) on physical activity in the elderly. Methods: This systematic review method approach is based on PRISMA. This systematic review examines several research articles from journal databases, namely PubMed and ScienceDirect, and obtained 13 articles in 2019-2024. The keywords used in the search are “Social Cognitive Theory”, “SCT”, “Physical Activity”, “PA”, and “Elderly”. The articles reviewed met the inclusion criteria, namely relevant article topics, original research articles in English, and publications in the last five years. The eligibility criteria were then assessed separately using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist tool.  Results: From a total of 13 articles reviewed, it can be concluded that the majority of articles explain how important the social cognitive patterns that elderly people must have in relation to the physical activity of the elderly, such as predicting the physical activity of the elderly, increasing the exercise behavior of the elderly, influencing the level of physical activity for people with chronic diseases, and adjusting physical activity with the abilities of the elderly. The higher an elderly person's social cognition, self-efficacy, encouragement, and social support to be able and willing to carry out physical activities in accordance with the elderly's abilities and physical condition. Conclusion: The social cognition of the elderly places more emphasis on the ability of the elderly to learn things around them, so that the elderly have self-efficacy, encouragement, and social support to do things in according to their goals and beliefs. Health workers in provide health services to the community, social cognitive theory can be used for alternative to increase the physical activity of the elderly. A personalized smartphone-based intervention based on SCT is highly effective for promoting physical activity in older adults.  

Masa balita merupakan periode emas (golden period) yang menentukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Salah satu upaya stimulasi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendukung tumbuh kembang, meningkatkan kualitas tidur, nafsu makan, serta membantu peningkatan berat badan balita adalah pemberian pijat bayi/balita sehat. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas berperan penting dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan keluarga dalam memberikan stimulasi yang tepat kepada balita. Mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan asuhan kebidanan komunitas pada keluarga Tn. T, khususnya An. R usia 2 tahun, melalui pemberian pijat bayi/balita sehat sebagai upaya meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Artikel ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan pendekatan manajemen kebidanan yang meliputi pengkajian, identifikasi masalah, penetapan diagnosis, perencanaan, implementasi, evaluasi, dan tindak lanjut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, serta dokumentasi selama pelaksanaan praktik kebidanan komunitas di Desa Batunyala. Hasil asuhan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian edukasi dan praktik pijat bayi/balita sehat dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan keluarga mengenai manfaat pijat balita serta kemampuan keluarga dalam melakukan stimulasi secara mandiri. Balita tampak lebih rileks, tidur lebih nyenyak, dan orang tua memahami pentingnya stimulasi rutin sebagai bagian dari upaya mendukung pertumbuhan, perkembangan, serta pencegahan gangguan gizi dan stunting. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas melalui pemberian pijat bayi/balita sehat merupakan intervensi komplementer yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan keluarga dan mendukung optimalisasi tumbuh kembang balita. Keterlibatan aktif keluarga dalam melakukan pijat secara rutin di rumah menjadi salah satu strategi promotif dan preventif yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan balita.

Perawatan tali pusat merupakan salah satu upaya penting dalam mencegah infeksi pada bayi baru lahir. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu mengenai perawatan tali pusat yang benar dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya infeksi, omfalitis, bahkan tetanus neonatorum. Oleh karena itu, asuhan kebidanan komunitas berperan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan keluarga melalui edukasi dan pendampingan secara langsung. Memberikan asuhan kebidanan komunitas pada keluarga Tn. S dengan fokus pada perawatan tali pusat bayi usia 2 hari untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu serta mencegah terjadinya infeksi tali pusat. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan pendekatan manajemen kebidanan yang meliputi pengkajian, interpretasi data, diagnosis potensial, perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, dan tindak lanjut. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, serta dokumentasi pada keluarga Tn. S di Dusun Pegading Luar, Desa Batunyala, Kecamatan Praya Tengah. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bayi laki-laki usia 2 hari dalam keadaan umum baik dengan tanda vital normal, namun tali pusat masih basah sehingga berisiko mengalami infeksi. Intervensi yang diberikan meliputi edukasi mengenai tujuan dan manfaat perawatan tali pusat, tanda-tanda infeksi, demonstrasi cara perawatan tali pusat yang benar menggunakan prinsip bersih dan kering, anjuran pemberian ASI eksklusif, serta kunjungan ulang. Pada evaluasi dan kunjungan lanjutan, ibu telah memahami cara perawatan tali pusat, mampu mengenali tanda bahaya, dan tali pusat bayi telah puput tanpa tanda infeksi. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas melalui edukasi dan pendampingan mengenai perawatan tali pusat mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu dalam merawat tali pusat bayi baru lahir sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya infeksi serta mendukung tumbuh kembang bayi yang optimal. Edukasi berkelanjutan dan kunjungan neonatal perlu terus dilakukan untuk mempertahankan praktik perawatan tali pusat yang sesuai standar

Anemia pada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang masih memiliki prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia dan berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya risiko komplikasi pada ibu maupun janin. Penanganan anemia memerlukan asuhan kebidanan yang komprehensif melalui pendekatan keluarga dan komunitas untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah, serta perbaikan pola makan ibu hamil.  Memberikan asuhan kebidanan komunitas pada keluarga Tn. S dengan kasus anemia ringan pada ibu hamil di Dusun Pegading Luar, Desa Batunyala, Kecamatan Praya Tengah melalui penerapan manajemen kebidanan sehingga masalah kesehatan dapat diidentifikasi, ditangani, dan dievaluasi secara komprehensif. Laporan ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan asuhan kebidanan komunitas. Proses asuhan meliputi pengkajian data subjektif dan objektif, identifikasi masalah, penetapan diagnosis, penyusunan rencana asuhan, pelaksanaan intervensi berupa edukasi gizi, anjuran konsumsi tablet tambah darah, pemantauan kondisi ibu, serta evaluasi hasil asuhan. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil dengan anemia ringan memerlukan edukasi berkelanjutan mengenai pemenuhan nutrisi kaya zat besi, kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet Fe, serta dukungan keluarga dalam penerapan perilaku hidup sehat. Pendekatan berbasis keluarga dan komunitas membantu meningkatkan pemahaman ibu dan keluarga mengenai pencegahan komplikasi anemia selama kehamilan serta mendukung keberhasilan asuhan kebidanan. Penerapan asuhan kebidanan komunitas pada keluarga Tn. S dengan anemia ringan pada ibu hamil dapat dilaksanakan secara sistematis melalui manajemen kebidanan. Pendekatan promotif, preventif, edukatif, dan kolaboratif berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kesehatan ibu hamil, mencegah komplikasi kehamilan, serta mewujudkan keluarga yang lebih mandiri dalam menjaga kesehatan

Konsumsi UPF dalam jumlah besar yang terjadi secara terus menerus dalam jangka waktu panjang dapat berdampak pada peningkatan risiko obesitas dan berbagai penyakit tidak menular seperti diabetes tipe 2, kardiovaskular, sindrom metabolik, dan kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan paparan iklan media sosial, kebiasaan membaca label pangan, dan teman sebaya dengan konsumsi UPF pada mahasiswa gizi Universitas Halu Oleo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa aktif Program Studi gizi Universitas Halu Oleo. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 165 mahasiswa gizi yang diambil menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 62,4% responden terpapar iklan media sosial, 69,7% responden memiiki kebiasaan membaca label pangan baik, 57% responden terpengaruh teman sebaya, dan 52,1% responden sering mengonsumsi produk UPF. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara paparan iklan media sosial (p=0,024) dan teman sebaya (p=0,013) dengan konsumsi UPF. Tidak terdapat hubungan kebiasaan membaca label pangan dengan konsumsi UPF (p=0,3397). Paparan iklan media sosial dan teman sebaya memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan konsumsi UPF. Kebiasaan membaca label pangan tidak ada hubungan dengan konsumsi UPF.

Tingginya pertumbuhan jumlah rumah sakit di Indonesia memicu persaingan yang ketat dalam industri kesehatan, termasuk di Provinsi Jambi. RS X Jambi menjadi salah satu RS dengan indikator pelayanan rendah, mencatat BOR 33,3% dan BTO 34,1 kali dan berada di bawah standar Kementrian kesehatan. Fenomena ini menegaskan perlunya penerapan strategi bauran pemasaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan bauran pemasaran dengan keputusan memilih pelayanan rawat inap di RS X Kota Jambi tahun 2025. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 108 pasien rawat inap yang diambil secara accidental sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat (chi-square). Uji bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan pada variabel product (0,001), price (0,001), place (0,001), people (0,001), dan process (0,001). Variabel yang tidak signifikan adalah promotion (0,687) dan Physical Evidence (0,069). Terdapat hubungan product, price, place, people, process dengan keputusan memilih pada rawat inap di rumah sakit X sedangkan promotion dan physical evidence tidak terdapat hubungan.

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia. Data nasional Kementerian Kesehatan RI tahun 2024 mencatat 257.271 kasus dengan 1.461 kematian, sedangkan hingga 23 Juni 2025 dilaporkan 78.646 kasus dan 346 kematian. Penggunaan larvasida sintetis dapat menimbulkan resistensi dan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. diperlukan alternatif larvasida yang berasal dari bahan alami, contohnya serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) yang diketahui mengandung senyawa aktif seperti sitronelal, geraniol, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan rancangan post-test only control group design. Larva Aedes aegypti instar III–IV dibagi menjadi lima perlakuan yaitu ekstrak serai dapur konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30%, kontrol positif (Abate), serta kontrol negatif. Setiap kelompok terdiri atas empat kali pengulangan dengan 25 larva setiap pengulangan. Pengamatan mortalitas larva dilakukan pada 1 jam, 3 jam, 6 jam, dan 24 jam setelah perlakuan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mortalitas larva meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak dan lamanya waktu paparan. Pada pengamatan 24 jam, seluruh konsentrasi ekstrak menunjukkan mortalitas sebesar 100%, sedangkan kontrol negatif sebesar 2%. Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti antar kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05). Berdasarkan Hasil Penelitian, dapat disimpulkan ekstrak serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) efektif terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti sebagai larvasida nabati dalam pengendalian vektor DBD.

Religious values play an essential role in shaping students' character and behavior through the practice of faith, worship, and moral conduct in everyday life. This study aims to analyze the efforts of Islamic Religious Education teachers in improving students' religious values at Nurul Ilmi Islamic Elementary School, Pengabuan Village, Abab District, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency (PALI), as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors encountered during the process. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis followed three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that teachers enhance students' religious values through several strategies, including habituation of worship practices, providing religious advice, serving as role models, utilizing school literacy media, and implementing the 5S culture (Smile, Greeting, Salutation, Politeness, and Courtesy). Supporting factors include the consistent implementation of religious programs, effective collaboration among teachers, parents, and the community, as well as adequate educational facilities. Meanwhile, the main obstacles include students' limited awareness of religious values, unfavorable social environments, insufficient cooperation between schools and families, the negative influence of technology and social media, and peer pressure. The study concludes that strengthening students' religious values requires continuous collaboration between schools, families, and communities, supported by consistent educational programs and exemplary teacher behavior to foster students' spiritual and moral development.

The Qur'an serves as the primary guidance for Muslims in achieving well-being in this world and the hereafter. Therefore, it must be recited correctly, as incorrect pronunciation may alter its intended meaning. Tajweed is the discipline that governs proper Qur'anic recitation. This study aims to examine the implementation of the Tuhfatul Athfal book in teaching tajweed and to evaluate its effectiveness in improving the Qur'an reading skills of eighth-grade students at SMP IT Al-Mumtaazah Pedamaran. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected from Qur'an and Tahfidz teachers as well as eighth-grade students through observation, interviews, and documentation. Primary data were obtained directly from participants, while secondary data were gathered from relevant literature and journals. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Tuhfatul Athfal book was carried out systematically through several learning activities, including reciting the nadzham together at the beginning of each lesson, explaining tajweed rules, demonstrating the correct pronunciation of makhraj letters, and practicing Qur'anic recitation according to the tajweed principles studied. These activities enabled students to understand and apply the rules of tajweed more effectively. Furthermore, the use of the Tuhfatul Athfal book proved effective in improving students' Qur'an reading skills. It facilitated memorization of fundamental tajweed rules, enhanced students' comprehension of tajweed concepts, and supported a gradual and structured learning process. Overall, the Tuhfatul Athfal book serves as an effective instructional medium for strengthening tajweed mastery and improving the quality of Qur'anic recitation among junior high school students.

This study examines the role of congregational prayer habituation in internalizing students’ religious character at SMP Jam'iyyatut Tholibin. Congregational prayer serves not only as a form of worship but also as a strategy for instilling religious values through consistent practice. This field research employed a phenomenological approach with a qualitative descriptive method. Primary data were collected through interviews with the principal, Islamic Religious Education teachers, the vice principal for student affairs, and students, while secondary data were obtained from school documents and relevant literature. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation, and the data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, with validity ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings show that the regular habituation of Duha and Dhuhr prayers, supported by Qur’an recitation, Asmaul Husna, and Morning Inspirational Stories (CIP), effectively strengthens students’ discipline, responsibility, worship obedience, humility, and solidarity. Although challenges such as limited student motivation and external environmental influences remain, continuous guidance, motivation, and teachers’ exemplary behavior effectively support the internalization process. Overall, integrating congregational prayer with complementary religious activities effectively promotes students’ religious character development.

This study aims to analyze the values of qana’ah (contentment and gratitude) in the novel Sepatu Dahlan by Khrisna Pabichara. This research employs a qualitative approach with a library research design. Data were collected through documentation techniques by analyzing the novel text and supported by relevant literature on Islamic values, character education, and literary studies. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods to identify and interpret the representation of qana’ah values portrayed in the main character. The results show that the value of qana’ah is reflected in Dahlan through acceptance of reality with sincerity, self-control over desires, patience in facing hardship, absence of envy, and constant gratitude despite economic limitations. These values are not only formed individually but are also strongly influenced by family education through parental role modeling, moral guidance, and everyday life experiences. Furthermore, the value of qana’ah presented in this novel is highly relevant for adolescents in the digital era, particularly in dealing with FOMO, materialistic tendencies, and consumerist lifestyles. Therefore, Sepatu Dahlan can serve as an effective medium for character education in fostering qana’ah, gratitude, resilience, and moral awareness among the younger generation.

This study aims to describe the management of the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Program, identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation, and analyze its contribution to improving educational quality at SD Qurrota 'Ayun Kalibeber Wonosobo. A qualitative approach with a field research design was employed. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, tahfidz coordinator, tahfidz teachers, classroom teachers, students, and parents. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Program has been systematically managed through the functions of planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. Planning includes determining memorization targets, preparing the curriculum, scheduling activities, selecting learning methods, assigning qualified teachers, and establishing evaluation procedures. Organizing involves a clear distribution of responsibilities among school stakeholders and parents. Program implementation consists of tahsin, memorization submission, muraja'ah, and periodic evaluations, while monitoring is conducted through memorization assessments, evaluation meetings, and progress reports to parents. Supporting factors include the principal’s commitment, competent tahfidz teachers, parental involvement, and a religious school environment. Inhibiting factors include differences in students’ abilities, limited muraja'ah at home, time constraints, and fluctuating learning motivation. The program contributes to educational quality by strengthening religious character, improving academic achievement, fostering school discipline, and increasing public trust in the institution.

This study aimed to describe the implementation of student management models in improving student discipline at TK Islam Baiturrahman Jombang, Ciputat, South Tangerang. This research used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects consisted of the principal, teachers, students, and parents. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that the implementation of student management was carried out through disciplinary habituation, supervision, teacher role modeling, and collaboration with parents. The forms of discipline applied included time discipline, behavioral discipline, learning discipline, and worship discipline. Supporting factors included a conducive school environment and consistent habituation, while inhibiting factors included differences in student characteristics and lack of discipline habituation at home.

A research team at BCA KCU Veterans Company in Surabaya conducted a study to determine how job satisfaction and their participation in recognition and reward programs affect their performance at work. By sending a survey to 66 workers in the business sector, this study applied quantitative survey stages. Multiple linear regression evaluation was performed on the collected data. Workplace performance was the dependent variable, while factors such as salary, appreciation, and overall job satisfaction were the independent variables. The findings revealed that all three independent variables simultaneously impact employee productivity. Salary, benefits, bonuses, and incentives serve to motivate employees to work harder. Employees feel psychologically motivated when their efforts and achievements are recognized through awards. Job satisfaction makes people more dedicated and efficient. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.629 indicates that factors other than recognition, appreciation, and job satisfaction influence the remaining variation in employee performance, accounting for 62.9%. To motivate employees to perform at their best, this study highlights the importance of implementing efficient recognition and appreciation programs and creating a work environment that supports job satisfaction.

Data analysis is a fundamental stage in educational research because it determines the validity, credibility, and quality of research findings. The different philosophical paradigms underlying qualitative and quantitative approaches require distinct concepts, procedures, and analytical techniques. This study aims to examine the concepts, procedures, and implementation of data analysis in educational research using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A literature review method was employed by analyzing books, scientific journal articles, and other relevant academic references related to educational research methodology. The findings indicate that qualitative data analysis emphasizes an interactive and iterative process involving data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing, and verification to produce credible and meaningful interpretations. In contrast, quantitative data analysis relies on systematic statistical procedures, including descriptive and inferential analyses, to test hypotheses, identify relationships among variables, and support objective decision-making. Although both approaches differ in their analytical orientation and techniques, they share the need for systematic, objective, valid, and rigorous procedures to ensure the accuracy and trustworthiness of research findings. Understanding these differences enables researchers to select analytical methods that are appropriate to their research objectives, designs, and data characteristics. This study contributes to a broader understanding of educational research methodology and provides practical guidance for researchers, educators, and university students in implementing effective and appropriate data analysis techniques.

This study aims to identify and analyze the logical fallacies that arise in public conversations about environmental issues and natural resource management on Indonesian social media using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through scraping techniques using the Python programming language and subsequently analyzed using an informal logic framework to identify various forms of fallacious reasoning. The findings reveal the presence of multiple fallacies that substantially influence public understanding of causal relationships within environmental dynamics. These fallacies contribute to oversimplification, shifts in attention away from scientific evidence, and the emergence of distorted perceptions regarding structural factors in spatial planning and natural resource governance. This study contributes to environmental communication scholarship by emphasizing the importance of critical thinking literacy in improving the quality of public deliberation and supporting the formulation of evidence-based environmental policies.

This study aims to examine the role of religious moderation education in shaping the professional ethics of moderate Muslim accountants. Amid recurring cases of financial statement manipulation, collusion with clients, and unethical pressure in the accounting profession, a strong moral foundation is needed that goes beyond mere compliance with technical standards. This research uses a literature review method, analyzing books, related journals, and articles concerning religious moderation, Islamic professional ethics, and accounting ethics codes. The findings show that the four pillars of religious moderation, namely national commitment, tolerance, an anti-violence attitude, and accommodation of local cultural values, are closely aligned with the core principles of the accountant's code of ethics, namely integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality, and professional behavior. Moreover, these pillars correspond with the spirit of Moderate Islam, namely tawassuth, i'tidal, tasamuh, musyawarah, ishlah, qudwah, muwathohah, and tawazun. This study concludes that strengthening religious moderation education, particularly through Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan (AIK) courses in higher education, plays a strategic role in producing accountants who are principled yet not rigid, compliant with regulations yet humanist in professional practice

Human trafficking is a crime that causes physical, psychological, social, and economic harm to victims, thereby requiring effective legal protection. This study aims to analyze the role of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) in the implementation of restitution for victims of human trafficking in Decision Number 45/Pid.Sus/2023 of the Bajawa District Court and to examine the obstacles encountered in its implementation. This research employs an empirical juridical method with a socio-legal approach. Data were obtained through interviews and library research, then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results indicate that LPSK has carried out its role through legal assistance, physical and psychological protection, psychosocial rehabilitation, and the submission of restitution claims for victims. However, the implementation of restitution has not been fully effective due to several obstacles, including weak coordination among law enforcement agencies, limited restitution execution mechanisms, limited institutional resources, and low victim awareness regarding restitution rights. Therefore, stronger coordination, supervision, and restitution enforcement mechanisms are needed to ensure effective victim protection and victim-oriented recovery in cases of human trafficking.