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Fibroadenoma of the breast (FAM) is a benign tumor that is painless, movable, has clear boundaries, and a rubbery texture. The incidence of cancer worldwide has increased, with the most common cancers reaching 24.5% and deaths reaching 15.5%, according to the WHO. In Indonesia, the prevalence reached 1.79% per 1,000 population in 2018, and in Central Java, it was 0.7% in 2019. Data from Dr. Soeselo Hospital in Tegal shows an annual increase of 2%, with prevalence reaching 1.9% in 2023, up from 1.7% in 2022. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of nursing care for patients who have undergone left breast tumor surgery. This research specifically focuses on the study involving diagnosis, determination of interventions, implementation, and evaluation. Using a case study design, a descriptive method was employed in this research. The writer narrates and explains the important events that occurred with the patient. Patients who have undergone surgery may experience pain after the operation, which could potentially lead to the risk of infection and a decline in knowledge. As a result, the nursing diagnosis that arises for the patient is acute pain. In the concept of pain, pain measurement is assessed using a numerical rating scale, and the patient's pain management involves relaxation breathing therapy and analgesics.

EMG is a method widely used to estimate muscle activity and can help understand how muscles interact with each other that affects human movement control. In this study to detect muscle interaction during contraction and relaxation of the triceps elbow muscle. Non-invasive techniques are used in this study to characterize muscle electrical activity. In this study, additional loads were added to the contraction movement to observe whether there was a relationship between changes in muscle activity and the load carried by the muscle in male and female subjects. Signal changes can be read by the microcontroller ADC and then sent to Blynk. This study shows that during the relaxation movement, the subject has an average Vpp value of 0.007 V. When performing the contraction movement, the average Vpp value increases to 0.024 V. When a 2 kg load is added, the average Vpp value increases to 0.027 V. The heavier the load carried, the Vpp value of muscle activity also increases.

Patients with schizophrenia may experience an indirect social exclusion, leading those in their immediate vicinity to grow intolerably intolerant of their abnormal conduct and viewpoints. This can exarcebate mental health issues that may lead to relapses, so therapy is necessary, including the use of relaxation techniques such as guided imagert, The purposes of this study was to ascertain how relaxing methods affected the mental state shifts in the number of schizophrenia patients at the Limboto Health Center’s operational region. A single-group pre-post test design was used in this pre-experimental study, which included 88 schizophrenia patient in total. Purposive sampling was used to choose a total of 19 patients for the sample and the Wilcoxon statistical test was used to evaluate the data. According to the study findings, most schizophrenia patients (73.7%) had a severe mental state prior to receiving relaxation technique; afterward, most were classified as moderate (52.6%); the p-value was 0.000 (<α0.05). The Limboto Community Health Center’s working area’s schizophrenia patient’s mental status alterations were found to be influenced by relaxing techniques.

In today's fast-paced and always-connected digital life, many individuals experience increased stress due to various reasons. Major issues in the digital era include constant connectivity, information overload, social media pressure, distractions and multitasking, work-life balance, social isolation, and mental and physical health concerns. The aim of this research is to explore how to manage stress effectively to achieve a state of "stress no more" amidst the digital landscape. This study employs a qualitative research approach. The findings suggest strategies for managing stress, such as limiting gadget use, implementing digital detox, maintaining life balance, managing information wisely, practicing relaxation techniques, and seeking help from psychological professionals and counselors.

Background : In old age, there is a decline in the body's immune function, including a decline in heart function, one of the diseases of which is hypertension. Hypertension is high blood pressure with systolic blood pressure results >140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg.. The prevalence of hypertension cases according to the Surakarta City Health Service showed an increase in the incidence of hypertension in 2023 reaching 67,355 cases. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used is deep breathing relaxation techniques. Objective: This study describes a comparison of blood pressure development before and after the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques. Method: This study used a case study of 2 respondents conducted on May 11-13, 2024 for 2 times in a row with a therapy duration of 10 minutes. Results: The application of Deep Breathing Relaxation Therapy to both respondents obtained comparative results of development before and after therapy in Mrs. S systolic 24 MmHg and diastolic 17 MmHg while Mrs. T showed a decrease with systolic 25 MmHg and diastolic 13 MmHg. Conclusion: The results of the study can be concluded that there is an effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both respondents.

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of rheumatism sufferers which is quite high, namely 6.3% in the world of the high rate of rheumatism in indonesia. if it is not treated, it will cause swelling and stiffness in the sufferer's joints, resulting in discomfort. for this reason, efforts are needed to control rheumatism.  one of the rheumatism therapies is doing back massage. back massage is a technique for giving massage to the back with slow rubbing which provides a feeling of comfort and relaxation to the body. objective: to determine the intensity of the pain scale before and after giving back massage therapy and to see the effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers. method: this type of research uses descriptive research methods and by observing 2 respondents with a history of rheumatism and who were given the implementation of back massage therapy. results: there was a decrease in the intensity of rheumatic pain after giving therapy on Mr. S from a scale of 5 to 2 and in Mrs. G from a pain scale of 6 to a pain scale of 2. Conclusion: there is an effect of giving back massage therapy on pain in rheumatism sufferers.    

Based on Riskesdas, the rate of cesarean delivery  in Indonesia is 20-25% in government hospitals and 30-38% in private hospitals. Sectio Caesarea section is a non-surgical procedure that will injure tissue, so the mother's complaint after caesarean section surgery is pain. One of the non-pharmacological pain management is finger grip relaxation to describe the results of pain scale measurements with finger grip relaxation This application uses a case study method with a descriptive design and uses  a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain measurement sheet, carried out for 30 minutes and for 2 days After the application was carried out on 2 respondents, there was a decrease in the pain scale, Mrs. A from a scale of 4 to 3 and Mrs. D from a pain scale of 5 to 3 including the mild category. Finger grip relaxation has an effect on reducing pain scale in patients after sectio caesarean section

Breast cancer is when cells lose their ability to run mechanisms as they should and function normally. The global prevalence of breast cancer is 2.3 million women diagnosed with the disease. The side effects of treatment and the cancer itself often cause fatigue, one of the most common complaints of breast cancer patients. The most common management is a non-pharmacological therapy of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy to manage fatigue. This quasi-experimental research determined the influence of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy on fatigue in breast cancer patients with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. This study involved a total of 31 breast cancer patients, selected through a purposive sampling technique. The Wilcoxon test found a p-value of 0.014 (<0.05), indicating the effect of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy collaboration toward fatigue in breast cancer patients. Nurses anticipate the application of this research to manage patients' fatigue levels, while non-pharmacological therapeutic research could potentially lower fatigue rates in other chronic diseases by incorporating new variables and extending therapy duration for a more substantial impact.

Background: Dysmenorrhea pain is lower abdominal pain that can spread the lower back, waist, pervis, caused contractions uterine muscles when blood released from the uterus, causing the muscles highten and causing pain and cramps. The incidence rate in Indonesia 64,25% divided  primary dysmenorrhea 54,89% and secondary dysmenorrhea 9,36%. Warm compresses have the body’s  response heat which causes dilation of blood vassels wich improves blood circulation. Deep breathing relaxation through breathing exercises stimulates  body form  pain suppression system, wich ultimately can reduce pain intensity. Objective : Describe the results before and after administering warm electric compresses and deep breathing relaxation on the level of dysmenorrhea pain. Method: Case study method by observing pain levels and using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measuring scale. Results: There was reduction  dysmenorrhea pain both respondents after giving warm compresses electric and deep breathing relaxtion to Nn. R  a scale of 6 to 4 and Nn. A a scale of 8 to 5. Conslusion: Applying warm compresses and deep breathing relaxation  young women with dysmenorrhea pain can reduce the level of pain.

Hypertension is a health problem that is quite dangerous in the world, because it is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension can be treated with nonpharmacological therapies, such as hypertension exercise and natural music therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of hypertension exercise and natural sound music therapy on reducing blood pressure in hypertension sufferers in the working area of ​​the Modo Health Center. The research design used a pre-experimental one group pre-post test design on 52 hypertensive patients who were selected using a consecutive sampling technique from a total population of 109. The intervention was in the form of giving a combination of hypertension exercise and natural sound music for 10-15 minutes according to the SOP for hypertension exercise and natural sound music. After that, it was analyzed using paired t-test. The results showed that the average blood pressure before treatment was 168.77/95.12 mmHg. After being given treatment the average blood pressure was 156.69/85.88 mmHg. The results of the pre-post systolic and pre-diastolic statistical tests obtained a significance value of p=0.000 (p<0.005), which means that there is an effect of a combination of hypertension exercise and natural sound music therapy on reducing blood pressure. The mechanism for reducing blood pressure after exercise is because exercise can relax blood vessels, so that by dilating blood vessels blood pressure will decrease. Providing natural sound music therapy can cause relaxation of arteriolar smooth muscles which play an important role in maintaining blood pressure. It is hoped that the combination of hypertension exercise and natural sound music therapy can be applied as an intervention at the Prolanis Health Center in Modo.

Sleep disorders are a prevalent issue with significant implications for human well-being. This research focuses on studying interior design concept and dynamic lighting tailored for individuals with sleep disorders aiming to create a supportive environment through human circadian rhythm. Through literature analysis and experiment-based methods, key design factors including lighting and human circadian rhythm system were identified. The outcome is a comprehensive interior design concept for theraputic purpose that promotes comfortable sleep and relaxation by synchronizing lighting design responding to the behavioural changes following 24-hour cycle. This study also explores timed interior lighting scenario for effective sleep therapy processes, aiming to enhance the quality of life for individuals with sleep disorders.

Background: Sleep disturbances are common in third-trimester pregnant women and are a major trigger for poor sleep quality, which can lead to complications in pregnancy, delivery, and for the unborn baby. Poor sleep quality can be addressed through non-pharmacological methods, such as lavender aromatherapy, which contains linalool acetate that can provide relaxation and improve sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of lavender aromatherapy on improving sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women. Method: The research design is a pre-experimental design with a pre-test post-test design. Samples were taken using consecutive sampling, with a total of 23 third-trimester pregnant women. This study used lavender aromatherapy with a reed diffuser at night before bed for 7 days. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which consists of seven components, was used as the sleep quality instrument. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test results, a P-value of 0.000 was obtained, which is <0.05, indicating that Ha is accepted, meaning there is an effect of lavender aromatherapy on improving sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women. 22 out of 23 respondents (95.7%) showed improvement in sleep quality. Conclusion: There is an effect of lavender aromatherapy on improving sleep quality in third-trimester pregnant women.    

A relaxation technique known as slow deep therapy is a non-pharmaceutical method for treating high blood pressure. The same matter goes for rose aromatherapy. The research attempts to relieve pregnant women’s hypertension using rose aromatherapy. This quasi-experimental research used a cross-sectional approach with one group pretest-posttest design. The respondents were 35 individuals taken with a total sampling technique. The results showed that 31 respondents (88.6%) were aged between 20 and 35 years, 20 of them were multigravida (57.1%), and 33 respondents had no concomitant disease (94.3%). Before the implementation of combined slow-deep breathing and rose aromatherapy, the mean score of pre-systolic blood pressure was 138.66 mmHg while the mean of pre-diastolic pressure was 86.69 mmHg. After the intervention, the pre-systolic blood pressure mean was 130.80 mmHg while the pre-diastolic blood pressure was 85.06 mmHg. The Wilcoxon statistic test obtained a p-value of 0.000 lower than 0.05, This means that there is an effect of Slow Deep Breathing therapy combined with Rose Aromatherapy on the blood pressure of pregnant women with hypertension at the Semarang City Health Center. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as another alternative to reducing blood pressure in pregnant women with hypertension.      

Lower back pain is a common complaint among pregnant women in the third trimester. It is estimated that approximately 70% of pregnant women experience some form of back pain during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum. Non-pharmacological therapies such as deep breathing relaxation techniques and effleurage massage therapy can effectively reduce pain levels in these women. This study employs a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental research method and employs purposive sampling with a sample size of 37 participants. Data analysis includes both univariate and bivariate analyses. Most respondents (64.9%) were aged between 20 and 35 years old. Additionally, the majority (64.9%) were experiencing their first pregnancy. All respondents (100%) were confirmed to have no comorbidities. Furthermore, 73% of the participants had tertiary education (Diploma, Bachelor's, Master's, or Doctorate degrees), and 62.2% continued working during pregnancy. The results of the Wilcoxon test indicated a significant effect (p = 0.000 < 0.05), confirming that effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques effectively reduce lower back pain in pregnant women. This reduction is attributed to the stimulation of tactile fibers in the skin by effleurage massage, which inhibits pain signals. In conclusion, the findings suggest that implementing effleurage massage and deep breathing relaxation techniques is beneficial for alleviating lower back pain in pregnant women. Public health advice advocates for the application of these techniques to manage such pain effectively.

Pregnancy is a very important experience for a woman. Based on the journal Of Midwifery issued in 2020, it is stated that lower back pain is the most common complaint in the third trimester of pregnancy. Predisposing factors for back pain include uterine growth which causes changes in posture, weight gain, the influence of the relaxin hormone on ligaments, previous history of back pain, parity and activity. Research Objective: to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on lower back pain in third trimester pregnant women at the Malifut Community Health Center. This type of research is experimental research involving one group of subjects with a pre-experimental approach, one group pretest posttest design. The respondents for this research were 30 people. Purposive sampling technique. Results: This study showed that 30 respondents who had not been treated with progressive muscle relaxation techniques experienced moderate pain as many as 18 people (60%) and experienced mild pain as many as 12 people (40%). Shows that 30 people (100%) experienced a reduction in pain. The results after it was discovered that the Wilcoxon test was carried out above the P value = 0.000 (< 0.05) so that there was a significant difference between lower back pain before the relaxation intervention was given. Advice for pregnant women who experience levels of pain is to carry out progressive muscle relaxation to reduce the level of lower back pain  

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most common complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetic foot wounds have various degrees of anxiety. One of the anxiety measurement tools is HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). Progressive muscle relaxation is one of the non-pharmacological treatments to reduce anxiety. Objective: To describe the results of the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety levels in patients with diabetic foot wounds. Methods: This study used a descriptive research design case study approach by observing the anxiety level of diabetic foot wound patients on 2 respondents, carried out in the morning and evening for 5 consecutive days with a frequency of 15 minutes. The instruments used were HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) scale sheet, SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) progressive muscle relaxation, anxiety level observation sheet, stopwatch. Results: Results: There were changes in anxiety levels before and after progressive muscle relaxation in Mrs. S from moderate (27) to mild (15). While in Mrs. I from moderate (26) to mild (15).  Conclusion: The application of progressive muscle relaxation can be useful for reducing anxiety levels in both diabetic foot wound patients.    

This research explores the use of iterative methods in conjunction with the Finite Difference Method (FDM) for solving partial differential equations (PDE). The central challenge addressed is the computational inefficiency and slow convergence that often arise when utilizing traditional numerical methods, particularly in large-scale systems. The study aims to develop a more efficient iterative approach to solve PDEs by minimizing computational time while ensuring the stability of the obtained solutions. The primary methods proposed include iterative solvers such as Gauss-Seidel and Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR), which are applied to numerical solutions derived from FDM. The research demonstrates that iterative methods, especially SOR, achieve faster convergence with fewer iterations compared to conventional methods like the Finite Element Method (FEM), which tends to be slower and more resource-intensive for large-scale problems. The study highlights the advantages of iterative solvers in efficiently handling large, sparse linear systems and reducing computational costs. In addition, it shows that these methods are capable of providing stable solutions, thereby maintaining accuracy with significantly lower computational effort. The results suggest that iterative methods, when applied in combination with FDM, offer a practical and scalable solution for solving complex PDEs. These methods are especially beneficial in engineering and theoretical physics applications where large-scale simulations are prevalent. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, which should focus on further optimizing solver parameters, exploring hybrid approaches, and extending the methods to more complex PDEs with non-linearities or irregular geometries. By doing so, these techniques could contribute to even more efficient and practical solutions for real-world applications.

Only half of the 2.3 million infants under six months old in Indonesia receive exclusive breastfeeding. Hypnobreastfeeding is a relaxation technique that facilitates the breastfeeding process holistically, addressing the mind, body, and soul of the breastfeeding mother. The aim of this study is to review 'The Effect of Hypnobreastfeeding Techniques on Mothers' Motivation to Provide Exclusive Breastfeeding.' This research is a Quasi-Experimental study with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample in this study consisted of 15 respondents selected using the Probability Sampling technique. The data type in this research is primary data, measured using a checklist for observation and a questionnaire given to respondents. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test. The test value using the Wilcoxon test showed a Z value of -3.428 and a significance of 0.001 (p-value < 0.05), indicating that there is an effect of the Hypnobreastfeeding technique in increasing mothers' motivation to provide exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended that healthcare workers, especially midwives, pay more attention to the condition of postpartum mothers experiencing insufficient breast milk production and suggest hypnobreastfeeding therapy to breastfeeding mothers

Introduction: acute postpartum pain is caused by physiological changes that occur in postpartum mothers such as degeneration and necrosis at the placenta, the return of the uterus to its pre-pregnant condition, and changes in the vulva and vagina, in which case postpartum mothers need knowledge in providing warm compress relaxation therapy to reduce the pain felt after childbirth. Purpose: This case study is to analyze the implementation of warm compresses on Mrs. K, postpartum pregnancy serotinous patient with a nursing diagnosis of acute pain in Gincu Room 1, Indramayu Regional Hospital. Method: The method in this writing uses a case study. Data collection uses nursing care process which includes assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation and evaluation. As well as NRS (Numerical Rating Scale) as a pain scale instrument. Results and Discussion: before the warm compress was applied, the pain scale was 9 (0-10) with a response to complaints of pain, the patient grimaced, said he had difficulty sleeping, the patient only focused on himself and did not follow orders. After 2 days of giving the warm compress for 15 minutes, there was a change in the scale pain becomes 5 (0-10) with the response to the patient's complaint of pain, the grimace has decreased, the patient can sleep, the patient can focus and follow orders well. Conclusion: based on the implementation of warm compresses that have been carried out on Mrs. For postpartum pregnancy serotinous patients with a nursing diagnosis of acute pain in the Gincu Room 1, Indramayu Regional Hospital, the problem of acute pain in the patient can be resolved and the patient's outcome target is achieved.

Background : A fracture is a broken bone caused by traumatic bone injury and weak physical strength. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020 the incidence of fractures is increasing, recording fractures occurring in approximately 13 million people with a prevalence rate of 2.7%. Fractures occurred in approximately 15 million people in 2019. Purpose : To find out the results of the implementation of finger grip relaxation therapy to reduce post-operative fracture pain in Flamboyan Room 7 RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Method : This application uses a case study method with a research sample of 2 respondents, research instruments using observation sheets and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scale measurements. Results : Before the finger grip therapy was given, the patient experienced moderate pain, and after the finger grip therapy was given, the patient experienced a decrease in pain to mild pain. Conclusion : In this application, finger grip therapy has the effect of reducing the pain scale in post-fracture surgery patients.