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The digital transformation of the Indonesian judicial system through the implementation of e-court and e-litigation necessitates a redefinition of conventional evidentiary laws, which have historically been governed by the Herziene Inlandsch Reglement (HIR) and the Rechtreglement voor de Buitengewesten (RBg). This research aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of electronic documents as expanded means of proof in civil proceedings and to identify the challenges regarding their implementation. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The findings indicate that based on the principle of functional equivalence, electronic documents hold a legal status equivalent to paper-based documents, provided they meet the requirements of integrity, accessibility, and authenticity through certified electronic signatures as mandated by Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. The evidentiary strength of an electronic document may reach the level of conclusive evidence, similar to an authentic deed, if supported by a reliable electronic system. However, implementation still faces technical hurdles concerning metadata verification and limited human resource competency within the judiciary. This research recommends the urgent need for a new codification of civil procedural law and the standardization of digital forensic procedures in trials to ensure legal certainty and justice for all parties in the digital era.

This research aims to analyze the implications of the transition in lease accounting standards to PSAK 73 on tax efficiency levels and net income structures within the retail industry, focusing on PT Mitra Adiperkasa Tbk as case studies. Employing a descriptive quantitative method, this research compares financial statement data from the 2017-2024 period to evaluate shifts before and after the regulation's enforcement. The results reveal that the implementation of PSAK 73 successfully improved corporate tax efficiency, characterized by a decrease in the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) below the statutory corporate tax rate. This was achieved by leveraging temporary differences that resulted in the recognition of deferred tax assets, providing a strategic advantage in the form of tax deferral. On the other hand, the application of this standard caused significant pressure on net profit during the initial transition phase due to the front-loading expense pattern derived from right-of-use asset depreciation and lease liability interest.

Digital transformation in the judicial system represents a strategic step to improve the quality of legal services in Indonesia. One of the innovations implemented by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia is the E-Court system, which enables case administration and court proceedings to be conducted electronically. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of E-Court in realizing the principles of simple, fast, and low-cost justice, as well as to identify the obstacles faced by parties who do not utilize the system. The research method employed is a normative legal approach, involving the analysis of statutory regulations and scholarly literature. The results indicate that, normatively, E-Court has been effective in supporting judicial efficiency; however, in practice, it still encounters various challenges, including technical, social, and institutional aspects. These obstacles vary among different legal subjects, namely advocates, individuals, private legal entities, and government legal entities. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are required to optimize the implementation of E-Court to ensure that the objectives of judicial reform can be fully achieved. Furthermore, the findings reveal that, from a normative perspective, E-Court provides a more efficient mechanism compared to conventional systems, particularly in terms of case administration and communication between parties. However, this effectiveness has not been evenly realized due to constraints such as the digital divide, limited technological infrastructure, and low user readiness. Consequently, the implementation of E-Court still requires reinforcement in both technical and cultural aspects to ensure optimal accessibility for all segments of society.

In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0, digital technology is developing rapidly. This has prompted the world of education to make major changes in learning methods, including in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). Until now, PAI has used outdated methods. These methods are inadequate to meet the needs of children who are accustomed to technology. Therefore, there is a need for technology integration in the learning process. This study aims to determine how to use E-Learning, Learning Management Systems (LMS), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in PAI learning. This study also aims to determine the benefits, challenges, and strategies for implementing these technologies. This study used a qualitative approach with a literature review type. Data were obtained from various sources, such as books, scientific articles, journals, and relevant documents. The results show that the use of E-Learning, LMS, and AI can improve the quality of PAI learning. E-Learning makes learning easier and more flexible. LMS helps manage learning more systematically. AI helps make learning more personalized and tailored to students' needs. However, the implementation of these technologies still faces several challenges, such as limited infrastructure and low digital skills of teachers and students. Therefore, a strategy is needed to address these challenges. This strategy includes enhancing digital capabilities, strengthening technological infrastructure, developing innovative learning media, and monitoring the use of technology based on Islamic values. This will ensure optimal integration of technology into Islamic Religious Education learning.

The era of globalization presents challenges of moral degradation among students, including intolerance, individualism, and declining nationalism. These issues make character strengthening through Civic Education (PKn) a national priority. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of PKn in shaping students’ character, particularly the values of religiosity, nationalism, independence, mutual cooperation, and integrity. The research employed a qualitative Library research design using secondary data from 18 scientific journals and 2 books published between 2021 and 2026. Data were collected through literature review and analyzed using content and thematic analysis to identify patterns of PKn implementation and its impact. The findings indicate that PKn effectively develops Good citizenship through character education based on Pancasila. Effective strategies include teacher role modeling, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), and digital media such as infographics and gamification. These approaches were reported to improve empathy, national loyalty, and integrity among students. The Merdeka Curriculum further supports character development by emphasizing affective learning through authentic projects. Challenges arising from foreign cultural influences can be addressed through collaboration among schools, families, and communities. The study concludes that PKn plays a significant role in strengthening students’ character and supporting the realization of Golden Indonesia 2045 through sustainable character education.

Inclusive education aims to provide equal learning opportunities for all students, including those with special needs, within regular educational settings. However, mathematics learning in inclusive classrooms remains challenging because mathematical concepts are often abstract and require logical reasoning that may not be easily accessible to learners with diverse cognitive characteristics. Ethnomathematics has emerged as an alternative approach by integrating cultural practices, local wisdom, and students’ daily experiences into mathematics instruction, creating more meaningful and accessible learning environments. This study aims to analyze the development, implementation patterns, opportunities, and research gaps related to ethnomathematics in inclusive mathematics learning. A literature review method was employed by examining scientific publications from 2020–2025 obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, Springer, and ProQuest databases. Data were analyzed through content analysis involving reduction, classification, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings indicate that ethnomathematics has been implemented through cultural artifacts, digital teaching materials, and project-based contextual learning. The approach supports inclusive learning through multi-representational access, instructional adaptations, scaffolding strategies, and collaborative teaching practices aligned with Universal Design for Learning principles. Furthermore, ethnomathematics enhances students’ motivation, conceptual understanding, mathematical literacy, and cultural identity. Nevertheless, studies focusing on disability-specific adaptations and long-term learning outcomes remain limited and require further investigation.

The field of education, especially Islamic Religious Education (PAI), has seen substantial changes as a result of the advancement of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI). The existence of digital media and AI offers numerous opportunities to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of education through interactive, flexible, and easily accessible learning resources. The purpose of this article is to analyze how artificial intelligence (AI) and digital media are used in Islamic Religious Education. This includes the idea of AI and digital media, AI-based learning materials, the use of AI in educational activities, ethical considerations of AI use, the effects and difficulties of integrating AI, and the Islamic viewpoint on technological advancement. This study employed a library research method by collecting data from relevant journals, books, and other scholarly sources. The findings indicate that the use of AI and digital media in PAI learning can enhance access to information, personalize learning experiences, improve evaluation effectiveness, and increase student engagement in the learning process. However, the implementation of AI also presents several challenges, such as limited digital literacy among teachers, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, ethical concerns, and the potential decline of direct educational interaction between teachers and students. Therefore, the utilization of AI in Islamic Religious Education should be carried out wisely while maintaining Islamic values, ethics, and the primary goal of Islamic education in shaping students’ character.

This study was conducted based on the low level of student activeness and understanding in IPAS learning at the elementary school level. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the role play method in improving students’ activeness and learning outcomes. This study employed a classroom action research approach involving 27 students. The data were collected through observation and evaluation of student learning outcomes. The findings revealed a significant improvement in both student participation and understanding after the implementation of the role play method. Students became more active in asking questions, responding to the teacher, and participating in classroom activities. In terms of learning outcomes, 85.2% of students were able to answer questions correctly and demonstrated good understanding, while the remaining 14.8% also achieved the minimum criteria. These results indicate that learning through direct experience enhances students’ comprehension. The implication of this study suggests that the role play method can be used as an effective alternative teaching strategy to create an interactive, engaging, and student-centered learning environment in elementary education.

This study aims to analyze legal protection for auction winners of mortgage rights within the framework of Indonesian laws and regulations. The auction of mortgage rights serves as a mechanism for executing secured collateral with binding legal force; however, in practice, it often raises legal issues, particularly concerning legal certainty and protection for auction winners. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that legal protection for auction winners has been regulated under various laws, including the Mortgage Law, auction regulations, and provisions governing collateral execution. Nevertheless, challenges remain in its implementation, such as lawsuits filed by debtors or third parties that hinder the transfer and control of auctioned objects. This condition reflects a discrepancy between legal norms and their practical application. Therefore, strengthening regulations and ensuring consistency among law enforcement authorities are necessary to guarantee legal certainty and protection for auction winners. This study is expected to contribute to the development of secured transactions law and the improvement of auction practices in Indonesia.

Social crimes at the village level require participatory and sustainable prevention approaches. This study aims to analyze the synergy between the Sidoarjo Police Resort through its BINMAS unit and the residents of Waruberong Village in implementing the “4D” anticipation framework (Corruption, Narcotics, Bullying, and Sexual Harassment). A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing data collection through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation analysis of socialization activities and police-community forums. The results indicate that this partnership successfully shifts the security paradigm from a reactive enforcement model toward proactive collaboration grounded in education and early reporting. BINMAS functions effectively as an administrative liaison, coordinating Senkom Mitra Polri, village officials, and residents, thereby standardizing and streamlining report handling processes. The implementation of the 4D framework significantly enhances public legal literacy, strengthens trust in the DUMAS Presisi system, and encourages active community participation in security patrols and awareness campaigns. Although minor administrative challenges, such as limited reporting literacy and fluctuating attendance, were identified, they can be mitigated through structured mentoring. Overall, the 4D-based partnership model proves highly relevant for strengthening participatory security ecosystems at the village level. This study recommends standardizing educational modules, providing continuous administrative training for Senkom members, and integrating digital reporting platforms to ensure the program's long-term sustainability.

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases encountered in primary healthcare and may lead to serious complications if left uncontrolled. This case report aims to describe the management of a 48-year-old female patient with grade II hypertension through a family medicine approach at Nisam Primary Health Center, North Aceh Regency. The patient presented with intermittent headaches for one week, which worsened after physical activity and were accompanied by numbness in both legs. She had a five-year history of hypertension with poor adherence to antihypertensive medication. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 165/70 mmHg, leading to a diagnosis of grade II hypertension. Comprehensive management was conducted using patient-centered and family-centered approaches, including education regarding hypertension, lifestyle modification, DASH diet implementation, physical activity, medication adherence, and family support through home visits and family folders. The interventions were expected to improve blood pressure control, prevent complications, and enhance the patient’s quality of life. A family medicine approach plays an important role in comprehensive hypertension management at the primary healthcare level.

The rapid growth of digital commerce has encouraged companies to integrate digital and physical marketing channels to create seamless and consistent customer experiences. This study aims to analyze the role of integrated marketing channels through omnichannel strategies, the utilization of Artificial intelligence (AI), and their impact on customer experience in the context of digital commerce. The study employs a Systematic literature review (SLR) approach by examining relevant scholarly articles related to omnichannel marketing, AI technologies, and customer experience. The findings indicate that integrated marketing channels supported by AI enhance service personalization, customer engagement, operational efficiency, and the quality of interactions between companies and customers. Furthermore, the implementation of omnichannel strategies contributes to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing a more connected experience across multiple customer touchpoints. However, the implementation of integrated marketing channels still faces several challenges, including fragmented channel integration, technological complexity, high investment requirements, and concerns regarding customer data privacy and security. Therefore, effective management of integrated marketing channels is essential for improving customer experience while creating sustainable competitive advantages for companies in an increasingly dynamic digital era.

This research was designed to explore the extent to which public beliefs influence the implementation of Digital traceability  systems in the halal industrial sector. The approach used was quantitative with a survey method, where questionnaires were distributed to 60 respondents who were consumers of halal products in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression via Microsoft Excel. Research findings indicate that public confidence has a positive and significant influence on the adoption of Digital traceability  systems, with a regression coefficient of 0.476 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). In addition, the coefficient of determination (R Square) value of 0.219 indicates that public confidence contributes 21.9% to the implementation of the Digital traceability  system, while the rest is determined by other factors that were not researched. These findings confirm that public trust is an important element in encouraging acceptance of digital technology, especially in the halal industry which relies heavily on transparency and consumer confidence. Thus, implementing a Digital traceability  system that is supported by information openness and easy access to technology can be an effective strategy to strengthen consumer trust while expanding technology adoption.

The era of globalization has brought significant changes to the world of education, particularly to the role and function of teachers in the learning process. Advances in information technology and easy access to knowledge require teachers to reorient their roles from mere transmitters of material to facilitators, motivators, curators of information, and mentors of student character. This study aims to examine the nature of the reorientation of the role and function of teachers in the era of globalization, the reasons for the need for such changes, the ideal form of teacher roles, and the challenges and strategies in their implementation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study through analysis of various books, journals, and relevant scientific sources. The results show that the reorientation of teacher roles is necessary due to changes in learning paradigms, technological developments, and the demand for 21st-century skills. However, the process still faces various challenges such as low digital literacy, conventional mindsets, limited training, and a lack of infrastructure support and parental participation. Therefore, strategies are needed such as improving teacher professional development, strengthening digital literacy, simplifying administrative burdens, and strengthening cooperation between schools, parents, and the community. With this reorientation, it is hoped that teachers will be able to play an optimal role in improving the quality of education and developing a generation that is intelligent, has character, and is ready to face global challenges.

This study examines teachers’ strategies in instilling citizenship values among students to develop democratic character and social responsibility. The background of this study is rooted in the increasing need to strengthen students’ civic awareness and character in the face of rapid social and technological changes. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze effective strategies used by teachers in integrating citizenship values into the learning process. This study employs a library research method by analyzing various relevant academic sources, including journals, books, and scholarly articles related to citizenship education and character development. The findings indicate that effective strategies include student-centered learning approaches, the integration of character education into civic education, the use of inquiry-based learning methods, and the utilization of technology to enhance student engagement. Additionally, extracurricular activities and a democratic classroom environment play a significant role in reinforcing students’ understanding and application of citizenship values. These strategies contribute to the development of students’ critical thinking, participation skills, and social awareness. The implications of this study suggest that teachers need to continuously innovate and adapt their teaching strategies to meet the evolving needs of students and societal demands. Furthermore, educational institutions should provide adequate support and resources to optimize the implementation of citizenship education in fostering responsible and democratic citizens.

This research is motivated by the problems in manual attendance systems at schools, which remain vulnerable to fraud, time-consuming, and inefficient. The expected solution is to develop an automated attendance system based on face recognition that can operate in realtime with high accuracy. The research object is vocational high school students, with the applied method implementing the YOLO v10 algorithm for face detection, followed by the face_recognition library for identification. The instruments used include an Imou CCTV camera as the input device, a mid-range laptop as the hardware platform, and Python with SQLite as the software environment for data processing and attendance storage. The results show that the developed system achieved an average face detection accuracy of 96% under normal lighting and 91% under low lighting, with an average processing speed of 27 FPS. The implementation of an anti-duplication feature also ensured data validity by allowing each student to be recorded only once per day. In conclusion, the use of YOLO v10 in face-based attendance proved to be effective, efficient, and capable of reducing fraud. The implication of this study is that the system can be applied in both Islamic boarding schools and general schools as a modernization of attendance systems, with a recommendation for further development through web-based application and cloud database integration.

Bullying is a serious problem that can disrupt the learning process and mental development of students, including in Islamic boarding schools. Early detection of bullying is essential to creating a safe and conducive learning environment. This study aims to apply the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm to automatically detect bullying through video recordings in the environment of the SMK Skill Village Islamic School Business Boarding School. The method used involves collecting a video dataset representing various types of bullying behavior, labeling the data, and training an object detection model using the YOLOv5 algorithm. The developed system is capable of detecting and classifying bullying behavior in real- time with detection accuracy reaching [accuracy value if known]. The implementation of this system is expected to assist school authorities and boarding school administrators in monitoring, preventing, and addressing bullying incidents more quickly and effectively, while also serving as an initial step in leveraging artificial intelligence technology to create a safer and more comfortable educational environment.

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve the performance of Posyandu cadres in stunting prevention efforts in Kepudibener Village, Turi District, Lamongan Regency. The main problems faced by the community include low health literacy, suboptimal utilization of Posyandu, and limited capacity of cadres in providing health education. The implementation method uses a participatory and educational approach through the stages of observation, cadre training, health education, mentoring, and program evaluation. The results of the activity show an increase in the knowledge and skills of Posyandu cadres in monitoring child growth and development and nutrition education, increased community participation in Posyandu activities, and an increase in understanding of mothers of toddlers regarding stunting prevention. This program is also able to strengthen the role of cadres as agents of change in raising community awareness of the importance of family health. Thus, improving the performance of Posyandu cadres has proven effective in supporting community-based stunting prevention efforts. Sustainability of the program through ongoing training and mentoring is essential to maintain the positive impacts that have been achieved.

This study aims to analyze the integration of Pancasila values and Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping digital ethics and to examine the development of digital law through the Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory approach. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach based on relevant academic sources and journals. The findings indicate that the integration of Pancasila and PAI serves as a comprehensive ethical foundation in shaping digital behavior by reinforcing moral, spiritual, and social values. Furthermore, digital law is understood as a product of the interaction between social and religious values, which is dynamic and adaptive to technological developments. The Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory contributes to constructing a legal paradigm that is not only formal-legal but also contextual and oriented toward public welfare (maslahah). The ethical-based digital law development model integrating Pancasila and Islamic values is considered relevant in addressing contemporary digital challenges, such as misinformation, privacy violations, and cybercrime. However, this study also identifies limitations, particularly in the implementation aspect, which remains largely normative and has not been optimally integrated into concrete policies. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen adaptive regulations, develop applicable digital ethics education, and conduct further empirical research to establish a just and sustainable digital legal system.

The Comprehensive Systematic Land Registration Program (Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) is a government initiative aimed at providing legal certainty regarding land rights by accelerating land registration in Indonesia. However, in its implementation, various administrative problems have been identified that result in the issuance of Certificates of Ownership (SHM) with administrative defects, particularly regarding land that previously held a Right to Build (Hak Guna Bangunan (HGB) or a title deed in the form of a Deed of Sale and Purchase (Akta Jual Beli (AJB). This study aims to analyze the mechanism for canceling SHMs due to administrative errors in the implementation of the PTSL and the forms of legal protection available to parties harmed by the issuance of such administratively defective SHMs. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a case-based approach. The results of the study indicate that the cancellation of SHM due to administrative defects can be carried out through administrative mechanisms at the National Land Agency or through a lawsuit in the Administrative Court. Examples of administrative errors by the PTSL committee include errors in the verification of legal data, failure to conduct a land history investigation, errors in the measurement of land parcels, and disregard for the rights of other parties who previously held HGBs or AJBs. Legal protection for aggrieved parties is provided through administrative remedies, civil lawsuits, administrative court actions, and the blocking of problematic certificates. Holders of a previously issued Deed of Sale (AJB) have the legal standing to seek the cancellation of a Certificate of Ownership (SHM) issued in another party’s name, as the AJB serves as authentic evidence demonstrating a legal relationship to the land in question.