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Rahmat, Mamat; Rohmatin, Alfa; Pujiawaati Pujiawaati; Adelia Sapitri; Siti Rohilah +1 more

Karakter : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Islam 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

This study aims to outline how aqeedah and moral values are applied in the learning process of fourth-grade students at MI Ridogalih, examine the strategies teachers use to internalize these values, and identify factors that support or hinder the process. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the research gathered data from the Aqeedah–Akhlaq teacher, instructional documents, and records of the school’s religious activities. Data collection was conducted through guided interviews and document review, and the analysis followed the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The results show that the incorporation of aqeedah and moral education is implemented through consistent religious habituation, exemplary behavior demonstrated by teachers, and the integration of Islamic principles into classroom instruction. Contributing factors include the strong religious environment of the school and active parental engagement, while obstacles stem from the influence of digital media and the varied backgrounds of students’ families. The study concludes that combining habituation practices, teacher role modeling, and value integration plays a significant role in reinforcing students’ Islamic character development.

Ilham Mukhtar Sya’bani; Intan Pratama Mukti; Muhamad Rizky Akbar; Muhamad Bambang Yudistira; Nur Aini Farida

Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Komunikasi 2025 Asosiasi Periset Bahasa Sastra Indonesia

This study examines the role of Guidance and Counseling (BK) teachers in helping students face personal, social, academic, and career problems. Using qualitative descriptive methods through interviews, observations, and documentation, this study found that BK services were carried out routinely through classical guidance, group services, and individual counseling that focused on self-development, career exploration, bullying prevention, and exam readiness. The effectiveness of the service is also supported by a conducive BK environment and collaboration between subject teachers, parents, and external parties such as psychologists or related institutions. However, various obstacles are still found, such as a high ratio of counselors to students, changes in education policies that require rapid adaptation, limited support facilities, and generational differences between counselors and students that affect communication patterns. This research emphasizes the importance of improving the professionalism of BK teachers through continuous training and strengthening synergy between educators to realize effective, responsive, and oriented BK services that are oriented towards the development of students' character in a holistic and sustainable manner.

Saepudin Saepudin; Sanin Sudrajat; Ahmad Mubarok; Munawarah Munawarah

Jurnal Pengabdian Sosial 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This service activity discusses strengthening the fifth pillar of Islam, namely the Hajj. This service aims to increase the understanding, knowledge and competence of Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ) teachers at the Serang City Al-Qur'an Educator and Sakinah Family Coordinating Board (BKPAKSI) in Serang City regarding Hajj Manasik. This service methodology goes through a preliminary survey stage to find out the location that will be used as the location for the Hajj ritual training and training. then observe or carry out activities involving 25 TPQ teachers. This service activity was carried out at Wisma Haji (KBIHU) Mulyajati Cikole, Pandeglang Regency. The Hajj Manasik training for TPQ teachers went smoothly according to plan.  Material and practice of Hajj rituals delivered by Hajj and Umrah supervisors from KBIHU Mulyajati. By implementing this practical training on Hajj rituals, the PkM team hopes that TPQ teachers as educators can transfer their knowledge of Hajj rituals to their students properly and correctly so that the students will love the Kaaba and the Prophet Muhammad more.

Aisha Barokah; Dearezha Priska; Ernita Wira Hastuti; Yuli Kartika Putri; Miftahir Rizqa

Aljabar : Jurnal Ilmuan Pendidikan, Matematika dan Kebumian 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Learning mathematics not only focuses on mastering concepts and calculation skills, but also requires creating a conducive learning environment so that students can think critically, logically, and creatively. A conducive learning environment plays a crucial role in fostering student motivation and active engagement, making the success of the learning process highly dependent on the strategies implemented by the teacher. This research aims to describe mathematics teachers' strategies in creating a conducive learning environment thru the application of active and contextual learning strategies. The method used is library research, which involves collecting and reviewing various scientific sources such as books, journals, and academic articles relevant to the research topic. The research results indicate that active learning strategies are able to increase student participation, strengthen reasoning abilities, and foster learning motivation. Teachers play an important role as facilitators, motivators, mediators, and evaluators, directly influencing the learning climate in the classroom. Contextual learning strategies like REACT (Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, Transferring) have proven effective in connecting mathematical concepts with students' real-life experiences and creating a fun and meaningful learning environment. In addition, humanistic classroom management, the use of technology, and adapting learning to students' different abilities are supporting factors in achieving a conducive learning environment. The implications of this research indicate that the success of mathematics learning is not solely determined by the methods used, but also by the teacher's ability to build positive relationships with students and create an interactive, adaptive learning environment that optimally fosters students' potential development.

Armela Nababan; Nursalina Sihombing; Marthalena Lumbangaol; Enjelina Enjelina; Wilson Simajuntak

jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat 2025 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

This study aims to examine the contribution of educational psychology in the context of Christian education, particularly for educators, school principals, Christian Religious Education (CRE) teachers, Sunday school teachers, pastors, elders, and church servants. This theoretical study shows that educational psychology helps in understanding the characteristics of learners, optimizing teaching methods, building effective teacher-student relationships, and enhancing motivation and involvement in the learning and preaching process. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through a review of books, literature, journals, notes, and relevant reports. Educational psychology plays a significant role for all those involved in Christian education and ministry. CRE teachers and Sunday school teachers have a crucial role in instilling faith values in the younger generation by understanding the learning needs of children according to their cognitive and spiritual development stages. This enables them to deliver God's word in an engaging and meaningful way. Meanwhile, pastors, elders, and church servants require an understanding of educational psychology to carry out more wise pastoral ministry. Psychological understanding helps them provide spiritual guidance, counseling, and support for members who are struggling. Educational psychology also equips church servants to lead with empathy, listen with their hearts, and guide the congregation towards true spiritual restoration. The integration of educational psychology with Christian faith significantly impacts the improvement of learning and church ministry, producing individuals who are intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually balanced.

Rohmatin, Alfa; Jannah Salsabila; Ajeng Zahra Haroki; Amelani Putri

Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam 2025 Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi sekolah dalam mencegah dekadensi moral siswa di SMK Al–Azami Cianjur. Fenomena kemerosotan moral di kalangan pelajar menjadi tantangan serius di era modern, sehingga lembaga pendidikan Islam dituntut untuk berperan aktif dalam pembinaan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di SMK Al–Azami Cianjur selama Oktober–November 2025. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah, guru, serta peserta didik, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencegahan dekadensi moral dilakukan melalui lima strategi utama: (1) pembiasaan religius melalui kegiatan shalat berjamaah, shalat dhuha, puasa sunnah, dan budaya 5S (senyum, salam, sapa, sopan, santun); (2) penguatan pendidikan moral dan etika di setiap mata pelajaran dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler; (3) pendampingan psikologis melalui layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK) serta kerja sama dengan lembaga STIFIn untuk mengenali potensi siswa; (4) kolaborasi aktif antara sekolah, orang tua, dan masyarakat; serta (5) penerapan disiplin yang tegas namun mendidik. Strategi tersebut membentuk ekosistem pendidikan yang harmonis dan berakar pada nilai-nilai Islam. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan karakter berbasis pembiasaan dan keteladanan efektif dalam membentuk generasi berakhlak mulia, disiplin, dan bertanggung jawab di tengah tantangan moral abad ke-21.

Tahir Rohili

Karakter : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Islam 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

The rapid advancement of digital technology requires teachers to serve not only as educators but also as digital role models for their students. This study aims to analyze the teacher’s role in instilling digital ethics and responsibility among Generation Z, as well as to identify effective strategies in shaping students’ digital character. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed in several secondary schools in Lampung Province. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed descriptively through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that teachers play a central role in fostering digital ethics awareness through exemplary behavior, ethical communication, and digital responsibility habituation within the school environment. Teachers’ consistency in using social media, managing information, and engaging ethically in online interactions significantly influences students’ digital behavior. This study highlights the need to strengthen teachers’ digital literacy capacity based on moral and spiritual values. The implications suggest that educational policies should integrate the teacher’s role as a digital role model into the broader strategy for developing ethical and responsible digital citizens in the era of technological transformation.

Haura Taqiya Kamila; Dinda Riswana; Azzahra Kurnia Nur Ramadhan; Deni Ramdani

Dinamika Pembelajaran : Jurnal Pendidikan dan bahasa 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Guidance and counseling is assistance provided to students, either individually or in groups, so they can become more independent and develop optimally in various areas such as personal relationships, social relationships, learning, and careers. This assistance is provided through several types of services and activities in accordance with applicable regulations. Observation and interviews are among the methods used by guidance and counseling teachers to gather information in carrying out their duties at school. Guidance and counseling services at SMPN 2 Telukjambe Timur run smoothly. Guidance and counseling teachers play a creative, innovative, interactive, and communicative role in carrying out their duties. In addition, guidance and counseling teachers are also supported by the presence of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers. The partnership between guidance and counseling teachers is very good and very important, because both have the same goal: to shape good character in students at school.

Lidwina Prada L; Nikolaus Anggal; Komela Avan

Berkat : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Katolik 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

This study aims to describe the role of Catholic religion teachers in instilling a multicultural spirit through Catholic Religious Education at SMP Katolik 2 W.R. Soepratman Barong Tongkok. The research was motivated by the urgent need to promote multicultural awareness in Catholic schools, especially in response to persistent issues of discrimination and exclusion among students. These challenges highlight the importance of Catholic religion teachers as character builders who foster inclusive and peaceful coexistence within a diverse school community. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using method triangulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and the principal, classroom observations, document analysis, and online questionnaires to students as supplementary data. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, involving data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Catholic religion teachers go beyond teaching doctrinal content; they also act as educators, facilitators, mentors, and promoters of multicultural values. These roles are manifested in learning strategies such as Biblical reflections, group discussions, drama projects, and anti-discrimination classroom agreements. This study emphasizes that Catholic Religious Education plays a vital role in shaping students’ awareness and attitudes toward multiculturalism. Catholic religion teachers hold a strategic position in guiding students to become inclusive, open-minded individuals who are capable of living harmoniously in a pluralistic society.  

Rifky Verdiansyah; Guruh Taufan Hariyadi

Proceeding of the International Conference on Management, Entrepreneurship, and Business 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

This study examines the influence of digital marketing strategies, including Content Marketing, Influencer Marketing, and Community Marketing, on Brand Awareness within the e-sports industry. Alongside the rapid growth of the e-sports sector both globally and in Indonesia, effective digital marketing has become essential for brands to enhance visibility and audience engagement. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents and analyzed using SmartPLS version 4.1.1.2. The analysis results show that the research model achieved an Adjusted R-Square value of 0.752, indicating that the independent variables were able to explain 75.2% of the variance in Brand Awareness. The findings further reveal that Content Marketing, Influencer Marketing, and Community Marketing all have a significant positive effect on Brand Awareness, underscoring their critical role in shaping consumer perception and engagement. These results highlight the importance of integrated digital marketing strategies in building strong brand recognition, fostering community interaction, and enhancing consumer loyalty in the highly competitive e-sports landscape. By leveraging these strategies, companies can not only strengthen their market position but also create deeper relationships with e-sports fans. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital marketing within the creative economy and offers practical insights for marketers seeking to develop targeted and effective promotional strategies in the dynamic e-sports environment.

Miftahir Rizqa; Izzatul Aisy; Mifta Yuljannah Pasaribu; Reva Nur Amalya; Reza Alinata

Aljabar : Jurnal Ilmuan Pendidikan, Matematika dan Kebumian 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Mathematics learning demands optimal student activity, concentration, and participation. However, many students still exhibit a passive attitude during the learning process, resulting in learning outcomes that have not reached the expected level. This article aims to analyze various effective classroom management strategies for fostering enthusiasm for learning and increasing student participation in mathematics learning. This study uses a library research method by reviewing various scientific sources, such as journals, academic books, and relevant research reports. The results of the study indicate that effective classroom management plays a crucial role in creating a conducive, interactive, and student-centered learning environment. Teachers function not only as transmitters of material but also as facilitators and administrators capable of building positive social relationships and motivating students to actively think and participate. Preventive, curative, and repressive classroom management strategies have been proven to improve student focus, motivation, and learning outcomes, especially when integrated with learning approaches such as discovery learning, teacher-centered learning, and the use of creative methods like squad games and block systems. Thus, adaptive and innovative classroom management is key to realizing participatory, enjoyable, and meaningful mathematics learning for the development of students' overall potential.

Ani Apiyani

Dinamika Pembelajaran : Jurnal Pendidikan dan bahasa 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Human resource management (HRM) in Islamic schools plays a crucial role in shaping the character of teachers, which in turn influences the character development of students. This study aims to analyze the contribution of HRM in enhancing the quality of teachers' character through recruitment, training, and evaluation processes in Islamic schools. A qualitative approach using literature review is employed to analyze theories of HRM and character education. The findings reveal that teacher selection in Islamic schools focuses not only on academic competence but also on moral values and ethics in accordance with Islamic teachings. Ongoing character training helps teachers internalize Islamic values in their daily lives, making them role models for students. Teacher performance evaluations also include character aspects, which are strengthened through a reward system that recognizes the moral and ethical contributions of teachers. In conclusion, effective HRM in Islamic schools produces teachers who are not only academically competent but also of noble character and capable of shaping students' character in line with Islamic values

Ayesha Nayra E.; Mutia Sandrina; Rifa Aska Auliya; Sherly Purnama Sari; Rita Kurnia +1 more

Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Kewarganegaraan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia

This study aims to describe the professional competence of Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in implementing technology-based learning at PAUD “X”. Teacher professionalism plays a crucial role in determining the quality of early childhood learning, particularly in the digital era where educators are expected to adapt to technological advancements. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observations and semi-structured interviews to obtain an in-depth understanding of teachers’ abilities in managing learning processes, mastering instructional content, and integrating appropriate learning media. The findings indicate that teachers demonstrate strong pedagogical, social, and personal competencies. They successfully create an engaging and  developmentally appropriate learning environment, use language that is easily understood by young children, and exhibit patience, discipline, and effective communication skills. Positive interaction among teachers, children, and parents contributes to a supportive and collaborative learning atmosphere. Teachers also incorporate simple learning materials, such as origami and visual aids, to enhance student engagement. Nevertheless, the study reveals that teachers’ professional competence in utilizing digital technology remains limited. Although technological tools are available, several teachers lack confidence and technical skills in operating digital devices, such as projectors and interactive media. Insufficient training and mentoring are identified as primary barriers. The study concludes that strengthening teachers’ technological competence should be prioritized through continuous professional development programs, including structured training and peer mentoring. Enhanced technological skills will enable teachers to design learning experiences that are more interactive, innovative, and responsive to the developmental needs of young children.

Sindhu Rakasiwi; Cahaya Jatmoko; Candra Irawan; Lalang Erawan; Suprayogi Suprayogi +1 more

Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Terapan 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This community service activity aims to provide insight and training to teachers and lecturers who are members of the Multimedia and Information Technology Professional Association (PPMULTINDO) regarding the use of the Quizizz application as a learning evaluation medium. The background of this activity is that there is a challenge for educators to continue to innovate in the digital era, but there are still obstacles in the form of a lack of introduction and insight into Quizizz, as well as the assumption that the development of technology-based evaluation media is complicated. This training was carried out online through the Zoom application with tutorial, guidance, and consultation methods. The results achieved are that the trainees gain basic understanding and skills in using Quizizz to support a more effective and interactive learning process. This activity is expected to motivate teachers and lecturers to develop technology-based evaluation media and contribute to the advancement of education in the future.

Zahara Edlin Putri; Jesi Alexander Alim; Zakiah Ulya

Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Komunikasi 2025 Asosiasi Periset Bahasa Sastra Indonesia

This study aims to examine how commitment, academic, and well-being factors influence the attitudes of Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students toward the teaching profession. The teaching profession plays a significant role in improving the quality of education in Indonesia, yet it is often perceived as less promising due to low welfare and heavy workloads. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method involving 30 PGSD students as respondents. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed online via Google Form. The results show that most students have a positive attitude toward the teaching profession, with 37% in the moderate category, 33% in the high category, and 27% in the low category. In terms of specific factors, student commitment to the teaching profession mostly falls into the moderate category (53%), academic factors tend to be high (40%), while perceptions of teacher welfare are generally moderate to low (77%). These findings indicate that PGSD students generally have good appreciation and academic readiness for the teaching profession; however, their commitment remains unstable due to low welfare perceptions and limited social recognition. Efforts to improve teacher welfare and strengthen professional values through the curriculum are needed to foster students’ commitment and pride in pursuing a career as teachers.

Selvi Yulianis; Rahmatul Zikri Amalia; M. Ainurrafiq; Nadea Pratiwi; Aprizal Ahmad

Dinamika Pembelajaran : Jurnal Pendidikan dan bahasa 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This study explores the ethics of teachers in a global context by comparing the professionalism of educators in Finland and madrasah teachers in Indonesia. The research aims to identify key ethical principles and practices that define teacher professionalism in these distinct educational settings. Employing qualitative methods including literature review and interviews with educators from both countries, the study highlights similarities and differences in ethical standards, pedagogical approaches, and cultural influences. Findings reveal that while Finnish teachers emphasize autonomy, democratic values, and continuous professional development, Indonesian madrasah teachers integrate religious ethics alongside pedagogical professionalism. The study discusses implications for improving teacher training and ethical guidelines to enhance educational quality and foster intercultural understanding. This comparative analysis contributes to the global discourse on teacher ethics by providing insights into how cultural and institutional contexts shape professional values and responsibilities in education.  

Selviana Elisabeth Hoar; Yuventius Tamelab; Yanuarius Bria Seran; Damian Puling

RISOMA : Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan 2025 Asosiasi Ilmuwan Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Humaniora Indonesia

Learning is a process of interaction between students, educators, and learning resources in a learning environment. The effectiveness of learning is greatly influenced by the teacher's ability to manage the class. At SDI Manumuti, a third-grade teacher demonstrated good classroom management in thematic learning, especially on the theme of caring for living things. Classroom management is an important factor in creating a conducive learning atmosphere so that the learning process can take place optimally. This study aims to explore more deeply the role of teachers in managing the class in thematic learning. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques included observation, documentation, and interviews, while data analysis was carried out inductively through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that teachers play an important role in creating and maintaining conducive classroom conditions. These efforts are carried out through two main strategies. First, teachers prioritize three aspects in learning, namely: (1) strengthening character education through discussion activities that encourage students to appear in front of the class, thereby fostering self-confidence, discipline, and activeness; (2) strengthening literacy through reading materials or stories related to the theme at the beginning of the meeting; and (3) the application of 4C skills (Creative, Critical thinking, Communicative, and Collaborative) through varied learning activities, including learning outside the classroom to avoid boredom. Second, teachers often use discussion methods to train students to express opinions, speak in front of the class, and work together. This method is considered effective in building students' self-confidence and social skills.

Fitri Mardayanti; Aribah capah; Khofifah Indah T; Septi Qorima Sitorus; Tryona Loise Siahaan +1 more

RISOMA : Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan 2025 Asosiasi Ilmuwan Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Humaniora Indonesia

This study aims to analyze students' perceptions of the concept of meritocracy in education management as an effort to prevent nepotism in the recruitment process for elementary school teachers. Meritocracy is seen as an approach that emphasizes individual competence, qualifications, and achievements in the selection process for educators, while nepotism is often an obstacle in creating a professional and ethical educational environment. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with data collection through questionnaires distributed to students in education study programs who have acquired a basic understanding of educational management and teacher recruitment systems. The data were analyzed to describe the students' level of understanding, attitudes, and views on the application of meritocracy principles and their awareness of the negative impacts of nepotism in the world of education. The results show that the majority of students have a positive perception of meritocracy as a fair and effective system for improving the quality of educators. However, some students acknowledge that nepotism is still common in the education sector and is considered to undermine professionalism and public trust. These findings emphasize the importance of instilling meritocratic values from the university level and strengthening competency-based recruitment policies to support the creation of a transparent and high-quality education system.

Cahaya Jatmoko; Sindhu Rakasiwi; Feri Agustina; Daurat Sinaga; Heru Lestiawan

Jurnal Pengabdian dan Perubahan Sosial 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

In the midst of the demand to actively publish scientific papers, the ability to design is a significant added value for teachers and lecturers. This report outlines a monograph book layout design training with Canva held for academics at PPMULTINDO. The main purpose of this activity is to provide practical skills so that participants can independently produce professional book layouts. This training uses an interactive workshop method, where participants are guided from the introduction of Canva's features, the application of design principles, to the practice of preparing layout chapters by chapter. As a result, participants demonstrated a significant improvement in their ability to operate Canva for publication design needs. They are able to produce a structured, consistent, and visually appealing layout. Thus, this training has succeeded in becoming a practical solution for academics to efficiently improve the visual quality of their monograph books

Mat Yusuf; Muhammad Asrori; Amallia Putri

Jurnal Bintang Pendidikan Indonesia 2025 Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Self-disclosure is an interpersonal communication process in which individuals voluntarily share personal information that is typically unknown to others. This research focuses on the self-disclosure of male students to Guidance and Counseling teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Pulau Maya, aiming to explore the factors influencing their openness and its impact on their personal and emotional development. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, the study collected data from 33 male students through a questionnaire based on a Likert scale. The results revealed that the students demonstrated a high level of self-disclosure with a score of 87.04%, indicating a strong sense of comfort and trust in sharing personal thoughts, feelings, and experiences with their BK teacher. The study also found that both internal factors, such as self-confidence and social acceptance, and external factors, such as supportive school environments and teacher-student relationships, significantly contributed to students' openness. The findings support previous research that self-disclosure promotes emotional well-being and stress management. Based on these results, it is recommended that teachers create a safe and supportive environment to encourage self-disclosure, helping students develop better emotional and social skills. Furthermore, more programs that facilitate open communication, such as group counseling sessions, should be implemented to support students' personal development.