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One of the classic problems of Semarang City as a metropolitan city is related to the arrangement of the transportation system until now not resolved comprehensively. The arrangement of transportation in Semarang City as a trigger for the emergence of problems disproportionate number of vehicles to the number of passengers or residents compared to the volume of roads passed by motorized vehicles in Semarang City. With the increasing population of Semarang City on the one increasing motorized vehicles, the increasing number of motorized vehicles if not balanced with the number or volume of roads passed by motorized vehicles every day, every hour has the consequence of congestion and chaos on several roads in Semarang City. Referring to these conditions, the Semarang City Government is trying to overcome transportation problems by organizing road-based public transportation known as BRT or Bus Rapid Transit Trans Semarang which was first rolled out on September 18, 2009. The legal aspects that underlie the BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) Trans Semarang service are Law No. 22 of 2009, No. 25 of 2009. The Trans Semarang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) service is expected to address transportation management issues in Semarang, a growing metropolitan city. In this qualitative study, the researcher describes the quality of BRT implementation in Semarang from a legal perspective.

This study aims to examine the effect of employee competence, behavioral control, and trust on employee performance at the Bojonegoro District Health Office with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an intervening variable. The background of this study is related to the importance of employee performance in achieving public service organizational goals, particularly in the health sector. This study uses an explanatory quantitative method with a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The research sample consisted of 100 employees at the Bojonegoro District Health Office. The results of the analysis show that the influence of employee competence on employee performance is not significant, but employee competence has a significant influence on OCB. Behavioral control has a significant effect on employee performance, but its effect on OCB is not significant. Trust has a significant effect on OCB, but its direct effect on employee performance does not. OCB is proven to have a significant effect on employee performance. Therefore, OCB plays an important role as a mediator in improving employee performance. This study provides a theoretical contribution by clarifying the relationship between variables in the context of public service-based government organizations. In practical terms, the results of this study are expected to form the basis for recommendations to improve the quality of human resources and develop managerial strategies at the Bojonegoro District Health Office in order to support the effectiveness and efficiency of public services.

Public service performance represents the most visible aspect of local government administration. Sub-district offices play a crucial role as the frontline of daily administrative services. This study analyzes the management of public services at the Cianjur Kota Sub-district Office by examining governance practices, staff professionalism, and service effectiveness. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through light observation, document analysis, and literature review. The findings reveal that the management of public services at the sub-district office is generally adequate, indicated by standardized service procedures, improved administrative flows, and better staff discipline. However, several challenges persist, including limited human resources, insufficient transparency of service information, and low community participation in providing feedback. These results highlight the importance of good governance principles  transparency, accountability, and participation  in enhancing public service quality at the sub-district level. The study recommends improving internal coordination, providing more accessible public information, and strengthening staff capacity through continuous training.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern that frequently remains undiagnosed until advanced stages. Early detection through simple laboratory screening is essential to prevent disease progression and associated cardiometabolic complications. This community service program aimed to assess kidney function using serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while increasing public awareness regarding CKD prevention. A total of 59 participants were included, with a mean age of 39.15 ± 15.39 years (range 16–75 years), predominantly female (74.58%). The mean serum creatinine level was 1.0 ± 0.19 mg/dL, and the mean eGFR was 91.08 ± 20.53 mL/min/1.73 m². Most participants demonstrated normal kidney function (28.8%) or mild decline (21.6%). A progressive reduction in eGFR with increasing age was observed, reflecting the physiological decline in nephron mass and renal perfusion. The program also provided education on kidney-protective practices, including optimal blood pressure control, diabetes management, adequate hydration, and avoidance of nephrotoxic agents. This intervention improved participants’ understanding of CKD risk factors and the importance of regular screening. In conclusion, serum creatinine and eGFR evaluation offer simple, accurate, and practical tools for early CKD detection, supporting promotive–preventive strategies to slow disease progression and enhance quality of life in at-risk populations.

The development of information and communication technology in the digital era has increased access to and productivity of scholarly publications, while also creating challenges in managing academic literature and references. Final-year students, particularly those from non–Information Technology programs, often experience difficulties in organizing references systematically, maintaining citation consistency, and avoiding unintentional plagiarism. This article aims to describe the implementation and outcomes of a community service program that provided training on the use of Mendeley as a personal digital library for managing scholarly literature. The program was conducted over two days using a participatory and hands-on approach involving students from Universitas Tamansiswa in Padang. The training methods included conceptual lectures, live demonstrations, and practical sessions covering Mendeley installation, reference management, automatic citation, and bibliography generation. The results indicate improvements in participants’ understanding and skills in reference management, as well as increased awareness of academic integrity. Overall, the training proved effective in enhancing efficiency and writing quality in the preparation of theses or final projects.

The development of digital technology has encouraged the government to modernize public services, including in the field of land affairs. Traditionally, land registration has been associated with long, complex procedures that are often prone to abuse of authority. To address these challenges, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) has begun implementing a digital-based land registration system. However, its implementation raises an important question: is this digital system truly effective in improving the quality of services at the Land Office, or does it instead create new obstacles? This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of land registration digitalization, particularly in terms of accessibility, efficiency, transparency, and the challenges encountered during its implementation. The research employs an empirical juridical method with qualitative analysis. The juridical approach is used to examine the legal foundations of land registration digitalization, including Law No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Agrarian Principles, Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on Land Registration, and the Ministerial Regulation of ATR/BPN No. 1 of 2021 on Electronic Certificates. The empirical approach involves direct observation of service processes at the Land Office and interviews with employees and citizens utilizing digital services. The findings reveal that digitalization of land registration has generally improved the quality of services at the Land Office. Administrative processes have become faster, land data are stored more securely, and service transparency has increased, as the public can monitor the status of their registration online.

This study aims to analyze the influence of terminal users’ perceptions on business development opportunities at Mangkang Type A Terminal, Semarang City, managed by the Central Java Class I Transportation Management Agency (BPTD). As a major transportation hub, the terminal functions not only as a passenger transit point but also as a strategic economic area with potential for commercial facility development. However, the utilization of business opportunities at Mangkang Terminal remains suboptimal, necessitating an evidence-based analysis of the factors that shape these opportunities. This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method involving terminal users, including passengers, public transport drivers, and terminal visitors. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression to examine the influence of user perceptions on business potential, which includes interest in facility usage, demand for additional services, and preferences for commercial space utilization. The findings indicate that perceptions related to comfort, safety, cleanliness, accessibility, and service quality significantly affect business development opportunities. Comfort and service quality emerge as the most dominant factors driving user interest in commercial facilities. These results emphasize that improving terminal service quality can serve as an effective strategy to expand business opportunities and enhance non-tax revenue.

This study aims to evaluate the public transportation service policy of Trans Jatim Bus Corridor 2, operating on the Mojokerto–Surabaya route, using the six evaluation indicators proposed by William N. Dunn: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, direct observations, and secondary data analysis. The findings reveal that the Trans Jatim Corridor 2 service has significantly contributed to improving accessibility and mobility for the people of East Java. In terms of effectiveness, the service meets transportation policy objectives by offering strategic routes, consistent schedules, and accessible bus stops. Efficiency is demonstrated through optimal utilization of limited fleets and operational costs, while still meeting high passenger demand. Regarding adequacy, the service is generally sufficient; however, overcrowding during peak hours indicates the need for capacity improvements. Equity is reflected in the widespread distribution of bus stops, although disparities remain in the availability of facilities and route information across several stops. The service shows high responsiveness through quick handling of passenger complaints via applications and social media. Additionally, service appropriateness is evident in its punctual operations supported by GPS-based monitoring and real-time information through the TRANSJATIM-AJAIB application. Overall, the evaluation shows that Trans Jatim Corridor 2 provides effective, efficient, and responsive public transport services, yet requires improvements in capacity and equitable distribution of facilities to achieve optimal service quality.

This study examines the dynamics of Buddhist religious counseling services in North Kalimantan Province in the post-pandemic period, particularly focusing on satisfaction levels and the distribution of counselors across districts. Using a quantitative approach with descriptive and correlational designs, the study involved a population of 9 Buddhist counselors and 3,993 congregants, with 98 selected respondents. Satisfaction levels were measured using the SERVQUAL framework, which evaluates service quality through five key dimensions. Findings show an overall satisfaction score of 3.65 (out of 5), categorized as “satisfied.” The highest rating was in the assurance dimension, reflecting public trust in counselor competence. However, empathy and responsiveness dimensions scored lower, especially in regions with few or no assigned counselors. A Pearson correlation analysis yielded a weak positive relationship (r = 0.214) between counselor-to-congregant ratios and satisfaction scores, emphasizing that equitable distribution is more crucial than sheer numbers. This research underscores the urgent need for needs-based distribution policies and hybrid service strategies that combine digital and in-person modalities. The results offer important policy implications, highlighting that spiritual service equity contributes to social cohesion and emotional well-being, especially in pluralistic and geographically dispersed regions.

The growing demand for transparency, accountability, and measurable performance has transformed higher education institutions into complex public organizations required to deliver reliable and stakeholder-oriented services. Within this governance-driven environment, institutional governance plays a fundamental role in shaping service excellence and institutional legitimacy. Drawing on a public administration perspective, this study examines how governance dimensions influence academic service performance in higher education. This research employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and institutional observations involving university leaders, academic administrators, faculty members, and students. The analysis focuses on governance dimensions—transparency, accountability, participation, effectiveness, and responsibility—and their integration into institutional systems such as performance management, quality assurance, and digital infrastructure. The findings reveal that governance frameworks are formally established through regulations and digital systems; however, their operational integration remains uneven. Transparency improves service reliability when supported by consistent information management, while accountability mechanisms tend to emphasize procedural compliance rather than performance-based evaluation. Stakeholder participation is institutionalized but largely consultative. The study concludes that service excellence in higher education is a governance-driven outcome that requires systemic alignment between governance principles, institutional capacity, and performance management processes. Strengthened governance integration enhances service reliability and institutional legitimacy.

The implementation of e-government is one of the local government's strategies in improving the quality of public services and realizing Good Governance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-government through the Tangerang LIVE Application as an effort to improve Good Governance in the Tangerang City Government. The research method used is a qualitative literature study approach through the search and analysis of various literature sources in the form of books, scientific journals, and official government documents related to e-government, the Tangerang LIVE Application, and the principles of Good Governance. This research analysis uses the Good Governance principles framework according to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which includes transparency, participation, responsiveness, effectiveness and efficiency, and accountability. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Tangerang LIVE Application contributes positively to increasing public information disclosure, expanding public participation, accelerating government responses to public complaints, increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of public services, and strengthening the accountability of local government performance. However, there are several obstacles to achieving Good Governance through the Tangerang Live application and these obstacles become an evaluation of the Tangerang City government to innovate through e-government that supports the improvement of Good Governance in the Tangerang City Government. This study recommends strengthening digital literacy, improving institutional coordination, and sustainable system development to ensure optimal and inclusive e-government implementation.

This study aims to analyze the strengthening of higher education governance in realizing transparent and accountable academic services. In the context of the globalization of higher education and increasing public accountability demands, universities are required not only to excel academically but also to provide services that are open, responsive, and accountable. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies involving university leaders, academic administrators, lecturers, and students. Data analysis was conducted interactively through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the principle of transparency has been implemented through digital-based academic information systems; however, consistency in updating information still needs improvement. Accountability has been supported by standard operating procedures and service evaluations, although performance measurement based on indicators has not been fully integrated. Stakeholder participation has been facilitated through evaluation forums, but involvement in strategic decision-making remains limited. Overall, the dimensions of transparency, accountability, participation, effectiveness, and responsibility are interrelated in shaping the quality of academic services. This study emphasizes that strengthening governance must be systemically internalized within organizational culture and institutional operational systems to enhance trust and stakeholder satisfaction.

This study analyzes the contribution of the nighttime economy to the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Pekanbaru City, particularly the culinary sector, which dominates nighttime economic activity. This research is motivated by the increasing public consumption at night, which shapes urban economic dynamics and requires effective public governance. The research method uses a qualitative approach through literature review and in-depth interviews with nighttime MSMEs to describe business conditions and governance challenges. The analysis is based on Adam Smith's Theory of Economic Growth, emphasizing capital accumulation, population growth, and technological advancement. The results show that nighttime economic activity generates high levels of consumption, which increases MSME income and enables capital accumulation for business development and product quality improvement. Urban population growth and the use of digital technology, including social media, delivery services, and digital payment systems, contribute to expanding market reach and improving business efficiency. However, MSME development in the nighttime economy remains constrained by limited access to capital, inadequate public infrastructure, and regulatory uncertainty. This study emphasizes the need for integrated local government policies.

Public health administration plays a strategic role in strengthening primary health care governance amid increasingly complex health system challenges. This study aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the development, challenges, and implications of public health administration during the period 2020–2025. A literature review with a systematic approach was conducted by analyzing peer-reviewed articles retrieved from major scientific databases and selected through a PRISMA 2020 flow process. The findings indicate that effective public health administration—characterized by strong governance, adaptive leadership, and the integration of digital health information systems—contributes to improved performance of primary health care services in terms of service quality, efficiency, and sustainability. However, the review also reveals persistent gaps, particularly the limited empirical evidence examining causal relationships between administrative capacity and health service performance, as well as challenges related to human resource readiness and data governance in digital transformation. These findings highlight the need to strengthen administrative capacity, leadership competencies, and integrated information systems to support resilient primary health care. The study provides theoretical and practical implications for policymakers, health managers, and researchers in advancing public health administration toward more effective and sustainable health systems.

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

Depression is one of the mental health problems that often arise in patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney failure. This condition not only impacts the patient's quality of life, but also affects the treatment process and the burden on the family. However, mental health literacy in the community is still low, so targeted preventive and curative efforts are needed. The Community Service Program (PKM) aims to improve people's mental health through educational interventions with scientific booklet media that are easy to understand and apply. The activity method is carried out in a participatory manner, including the preparation stage, socialization, educational implementation, and evaluation. Education is provided to the community with a focus on preventing depression through a healthy lifestyle, stress management skills, and early intervention efforts by seeking professional support. Evaluation is carried out through pre-post tests, observations, and group discussions. The results of the activity showed an increase in public knowledge about depression, a change in attitudes to be more open in expressing feelings, as well as practical skills in relaxation, maintaining sleep patterns, and building social support. Participants also better understand the importance of seeking professional help when depressive symptoms are getting worse. The conclusion of this PKM is that the scientific booklet has proven to be effective as a preventive and curative educational intervention medium, and can be an innovative strategy in improving the mental health of people affected by chronic diseases.

This study aims to determine and describe the transparency of service procedures, the ease of procedures, and the ease of obtaining information at the Kota Timur District Office in Gorontalo City. Using a qualitative, descriptive approach through observation, interviews, and documentation, the study results indicate that transparency of service procedures has been effectively implemented through the provision of clear, complete, and easily accessible information to the public. Information regarding service types, requirements, completion times, and fees is published through bulletin boards, brochures, social media, and direct explanations from officers, so that the public can understand the service process without confusion. In terms of ease of procedures, the service flow has been designed to be simple, concise, and user-friendly, ensuring ease of access for service applicants and even for vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Furthermore, the ease of access to information is also evident in the use of various communication channels, both in person and digitally. Information boards, leaflets, social media, and digital displays are actively used to disseminate information so that the public can understand procedures before visiting the office and better prepare documents. Overall, these three indicators demonstrate that the Kota Timur District Office is committed to implementing the principle of transparency in public services, although further innovation is needed to ensure information reaches a wider and more equitable public.

Local governments play a strategic role in public service delivery and are required to undertake rapid, systematic, and sustainable institutional and governance transformation. These demands arise in response to changes in the organizational environment, regulatory developments, and increasing public expectations regarding the quality, effectiveness, and accountability of public services. Improving the capacity of human resources, particularly those managing services and complaints, is a crucial factor in ensuring professional, adaptive, and technology-based services. However, issues with staff competency are still found in public service institutions that interact directly with the public, particularly at the sub-district level. In an effort to improve the quality of public administration services, the government established the Integrated Sub-district Administrative Services (PATEN) policy as stipulated in Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 4 of 2010. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the PATEN policy in Sawangan District, Depok City, using a qualitative approach and descriptive methods. The results indicate that the implementation of PATEN has generally been effective, marked by the fulfillment of substantive, administrative, and technical aspects, and supported by clear regulations. However, public complaint services have not been optimal due to technical constraints in the website-based complaint system.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to the delivery of da'wah messages to young people. Audiovisual media has become an effective means of attracting interest, enhancing understanding, and increasing the participation of mosque youth in development activities. This service aims to analyze the use of audiovisual media as a means of developing mosque youth at Barisan Mujahid Matita (BMM), Medan. The method used is a qualitative approach through observation and audiovisual production training, which can improve the skills of young people in creating da'wah content, strengthen understanding of development material, and boost enthusiasm in participating in mosque activities. In addition, audiovisual media has proven to help BMM enhance the quality of documentation and publication of activities. In conclusion, audiovisual media is an effective instrument in the development of young people, especially in the context of creative digital da'wah. Digital Mosque Youth

The Information System registration module for the Regional Taxpayer Identification Number (NPWPD) was developed using the Laravel framework and implemented by the Taxpayer Identification Agency (BPPKAD) at Kediri City. The system was designed to digitize the NPWPD registration process, which was previously done manually. This traditional approach often led to long queues, extended processing times, and, at times, errors in data entry. The new system offers several key advantages, including an online registration form that allows taxpayers to upload required documents such as photos of ID cards, business locations, and other necessary paperwork. Data validation is performed by officers to ensure accuracy, and automatic notifications are sent to taxpayers, informing them of the status of their applications. The implementation of this system has had several positive impacts, such as significantly improving the efficiency of administrative processes, reducing the manual workload for officers, and increasing transparency and accountability in public services. Moreover, it has improved customer satisfaction by providing faster, more accurate, and more responsive services. This system supports the creation of a streamlined, user-friendly, and effective method for taxpayers to register for NPWPD online, enhancing the overall quality of public sector service delivery.