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In the digital 4.0 era, language literacy and digitalization are key elements in the process of community empowerment, especially in rural areas that still face the challenge of limited access to information and technology. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of language literacy strengthening and digitalization programs in supporting community empowerment in Takalar Regency, with an integrative approach that considers local context and cultural wisdom. The method used is a qualitative approach through participatory action research, which allows for the active involvement of the community in the process of identifying problems and finding solutions. The community service activity (PKM) was held in Ujung Baji Village, Sanrobone District, Takalar Regency on July 10, 2025, involving 25 participants with diverse social and educational backgrounds. The literacy expert team from ADPERTISI plays a role in designing and implementing multilingual-based training programs and approaches that are sensitive to local culture. This program has succeeded in significantly increasing people's digital literacy, with 60% of participants able to utilize technology for MSME development and 40% of participants successfully accessing public services independently through digital platforms. The "Techno-Linguistic Integration" model applied has proven to be effective in overcoming language barriers in the digital technology adoption process. The integration of local languages with digital devices creates an inclusive and relevant learning environment for rural communities. The results show that a holistic and contextual approach to strengthening language literacy and digitalization can empower communities in a sustainable manner, strengthen local capacity, and encourage digital transformation at the grassroots level. These findings make an important contribution to the development of technology-based community empowerment strategies and local culture in the digital era.

The role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in shaping students' religious moderation is highly needed. The very diverse religious diversity in public schools is a challenge for PAI teachers compared to religious-based schools. The purpose of this study is to identify PAI learning based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) to improve students' moderate attitudes and national insight which includes; planning, implementation, evaluation, supporting and inhibiting factors as well as the impact of problem-based PAI learning to shape students' moderate attitudes and national insight. This study uses a qualitative approach using the case study method. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations and documentation analysis. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman analysis technique using the ATLAS.ti analysis tool. The results of the study found that: First, PBL learning planning is carried out by; setting learning objectives, compiling learning steps and learning evaluation. Second, implementation is carried out by; orientation stage, guiding stage, developing stage and conclusion stage. Third, evaluation is carried out by; holistic, diagnostic, formative and summative evaluation stages. Fourth, supporting factors include; student involvement, high teacher creativity, student collaborative learning, program collaboration, contextualization of issues in learning, support for infrastructure and school culture. Inhibiting factors include; difficulty in determining relevant problems, time availability, lack of teacher understanding, student diversity, difficulty generating ideas, social and cultural barriers, and resistance to change. Fifth, a moderate attitude is demonstrated by; tolerance, openness, respect for diversity, good ethics in interactions, wasathiyah, social harmony, critical and objective.

This study aims to examine in depth the effectiveness of the application of the Children Learning in Science (CLIS) learning model in the Natural Science (Science) learning process. The background of this study stems from the problem of low active student participation in class, which is largely caused by difficulties in understanding abstract science concepts. The CLIS model offers a learning approach that emphasizes active student involvement through a series of systematic learning stages. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach. Analysis was conducted on 25 articles from national and international publications. Each article was reviewed based on relevance, research methods, main findings, and the suitability of CLIS application in various science learning contexts. The results of the study indicate that CLIS has proven effective in improving students' understanding of science concepts, developing science process skills such as observation, classification, measurement, and hypothesis testing, and encouraging active student participation during the learning process. In addition, this model is also able to improve critical thinking skills through exploration activities, experiments, group discussions, and reflection on learning outcomes. The CLIS stages, which include exploring students' prior knowledge, introducing new concepts through experiments, strengthening understanding through discussions, and strengthening concepts through reflection, enable students to construct knowledge independently and meaningfully. Based on these findings, CLIS is considered relevant and can be an effective alternative learning model to improve the quality of science learning at various levels of education.

This research aims to develop a mathematics teaching module based on differentiated learning integrated with the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) method, specifically for the topic of spatial structures ("get up room") for students at Nanasi 1 Elementary School. The development process follows the 4D model, which includes the stages of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. In the Define stage, analysis revealed the absence of instructional modules that align with students' learning styles and needs. Consequently, learning objectives were formulated based on geometric elements and problem-solving criteria. During the Design stage, a prototype module and validation instruments were produced. Validation was conducted by two experts, yielding high scores for both content and visual presentation—each achieving 90% validity. Practicality assessments also showed strong results, with content rated at 90.8% and visual aspects at 90%, categorizing the module as “very valid” and “very practical.” The integration of the PjBL method was implemented to enhance active student participation, encouraging collaborative exploration and real-world application of mathematical concepts. The developed module is considered suitable for supporting differentiated mathematics instruction in elementary schools. It accommodates diverse learning styles and promotes student engagement through project-based tasks. The findings suggest that combining differentiated learning with PjBL fosters a more inclusive and effective learning environment, particularly in geometry-related topics. This module not only meets pedagogical standards but also contributes to the advancement of innovative teaching practices in primary education.

Information technology is a technology used to manage data, including processing, acquiring, organizing, storing, and manipulating data in various ways to produce high-quality information—namely, information that is relevant, accurate, and timely. This information is used for personal, business, and governmental purposes, serving as strategic information in decision-making. To anticipate changes in weather conditions, particularly rainfall, a valid and accurate report is needed that can be useful for the public. So far, the correlation or relationship between the factors influencing weather conditions—especially rainfall—has not been precisely determined, making it mathematically difficult to create a model that can describe the correlation among all these factors. This is where Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) come into play: to create such models and map out the existing problems purely based on the input data provided. One of the capabilities of neural networks is to make predictions based on previously learned data using the backpropagation method.

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Deep Learning and Differentiated Instruction models in improving junior high school students’ mathematical problem-solving and reasoning abilities. The background of this research stems from the low level of mathematical literacy among Indonesian students, which demands innovative and reflective learning approaches. A quasi-experimental method was used with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample consisted of two eighth-grade classes at SMP Negeri Satu Atap 01 Ciseeng, each receiving different instructional treatments: one class was taught using the Deep Learning approach, and the other using the Differentiated Instruction approach. The instruments employed included mathematical problem-solving tests, observation sheets, and student perception questionnaires. The data analysis results indicated that the class taught with the Deep Learning model experienced a more significant improvement in mathematical reasoning ability compared to the class using Differentiated Instruction. These findings suggest that Deep Learning-based instruction is more effective in promoting students’ higher-order thinking skills. It encourages deeper engagement with mathematical concepts, fosters critical and analytical thinking, and allows students to construct knowledge through meaningful learning experiences. However, Differentiated Instruction remains relevant in providing learning comfort and addressing diverse student needs, making it beneficial in inclusive classroom settings. The theoretical and practical implications of this research highlight the importance of integrating both depth of thinking (Deep Learning) and flexibility in learning (Differentiation) within mathematics instruction. Such integration could offer a balanced learning environment that supports both cognitive development and emotional engagement, leading to more effective and equitable mathematics education. In conclusion, this study recommends educators and curriculum developers to consider incorporating Deep Learning strategies to enhance students’ mathematical reasoning while maintaining the adaptive and student-centered principles of Differentiated Instruction. Future research could explore hybrid learning models that combine the strengths of both approaches to maximize student outcomes in mathematics learning.

Volleyball underhand passing training is a process of coaching and developing volleyball players' skills through physical, technical, tactical, and mental exercises to improve performance in the game. This training can be conducted at various levels, from beginners to professionals, and covers several important aspects that support the improvement of basic skills. One of the basic techniques that must be mastered by players, especially in adolescence, is the underhand pass. This technique is the main foundation for controlling the ball and maintaining the continuity of the game. However, based on the results of initial observations on Ahmad Yani High School students, it was found that students' underhand passing ability is still relatively low. As many as 85% of students scored below average, indicating that they have difficulty mastering this basic technique. This problem presents a challenge in physical education learning, especially in volleyball. One contributing factor is the lack of variety and creativity in the teaching methods used by teachers, resulting in a lack of student motivation. This study aims to apply the VAK (Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic) method in volleyball underhand passing training. The VAK method is a learning approach that combines three main learning styles: visual (sight), auditory (hearing), and kinesthetic (movement). This approach is believed to help students understand techniques more comprehensively, tailored to their individual learning styles. Integrating the VAK method into the training process is expected to significantly improve student learning outcomes, particularly in mastering volleyball underhand passing techniques. This research also aims to provide alternative, more innovative and effective learning strategies for physical education teachers in schools.

The problem in this research is formulated into three main questions: (1) How to develop "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media on ethnic and cultural diversity for Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung? (2) How to validate the "PAPIN" learning media to ensure its appropriateness and quality for use in the classroom? (3) How effective is the use of the "PAPIN" (Smart Board) learning media in improving students' understanding of ethnic and cultural diversity in a primary school setting? The main objectives of this research are: (1) To develop feasible and relevant "PAPIN" learning media that supports the learning of ethnic and cultural diversity in accordance with the needs of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 101767 Tembung. (2) To produce a practical and user-friendly digital learning tool that can be integrated into classroom activities. (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the media in improving learning outcomes, particularly students' knowledge, engagement, and appreciation of cultural diversity. This research adopts the 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) development model, a systematic method for creating and validating educational products. The research subjects are fourth-grade students from SD Negeri 101767 Tembung, selected as they represent the target users of the media. Data were collected through classroom observations, documentation, expert validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and evaluation instruments to measure the learning outcomes. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of innovative, technology-based instructional tools in elementary education, particularly in promoting multicultural awareness and inclusive learning environments.

This community service activity was carried out as an effort to improve the effectiveness of reporting and withholding of Income Tax (PPh) Article 21 at the Kosayu Credit Cooperative through accounting-based technical assistance. The main problem identified during the Field Work Practice (PKL) activity was the potential for tax overpayments caused by inaccurate estimates of employee annual income and limitations of the payroll system used by the cooperative. To address these problems, the implementation team implemented several methods, namely direct observation of the tax administration process, technical training for related staff, tax calculation simulations based on actual data, and evaluation of the existing tax recording and reporting system. The results of the activity showed that although the cooperative had used the Average Effective Rate (TER) method for withholding PPh 21, its implementation was still not optimal because it was not supported by an integrated information system and a regularly updated employee database. This resulted in inaccuracies in tax calculations and withholding. Therefore, this assistance recommended several improvements, including updating the payroll system, improving employee data, integrating the digital tax reporting system, and increasing the capacity of the cooperative's human resources through ongoing training related to tax regulations. In addition to having a direct impact on the efficiency of cooperative tax management, this program also provides contextual learning benefits for students in linking tax accounting theory with real conditions in the field.

This research was motivated by the problem of children's low ability to coordinate hand and vision movements, which directly impacts their activities and fine motor skills. This study aims to describe the activities of teachers and children and analyze the development of fine motor skills in group A students at Hidayatullah Kindergarten Barito Kuala. This study used a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach with a qualitative design and was conducted over four meetings. The results showed a significant increase in teacher activities and the development of children's fine motor skills. Teacher activities that initially received a score of 18 in the fairly good category increased to a score of 32 in the very good category at the fourth meeting. Meanwhile, at the beginning of the intervention, only 7% of children were in the Very Well Developed (BSB) category. After the first intervention, the percentage of children in the BSB category increased to 27% or five children. A more significant increase occurred at the fourth meeting, with 14 children or 82% falling into the BSB category. The intervention used a project-based learning model combined with a demonstration method in stringing activities using natural materials. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that this model is effective in improving fine motor skills in early childhood. This combination of approaches encourages active child engagement and provides meaningful and contextual learning experiences, contributing to optimal fine motor development.  

This study aims to describe the influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning outcomes of photosynthesis materials in grade IV elementary schools. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a quasi-experimental type. The design in the study is a non-equivalent control group design. The design of this study involves two classes, the experimental class, namely IV-B, is learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model and the control class, namely class IV-C, is learning using the conventional learning model. The sample used was 54 students in grades IV-B and IV-C SD YPI Darussalam. The data collection technique uses a learning outcome test. Based on the results of the study in the Independent Sample T-test which showed a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05 which means less than 0.05, then H0 and Ha were accepted, which means that there is an influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model on the learning outcomes of photosynthesis materials in grade IV elementary school.

This study aims to examine the role of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in fostering creativity among elementary school students, particularly in the respiratory system topic within Natural Science (IPA) learning. Creativity, as one of the essential 21st-century competencies, needs to be developed from an early age through learning approaches that are active, contextual, and student-centered. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, utilizing various sources such as accredited scientific journal articles, relevant books, and previous research reports published between 2017 and 2025. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of PjBL in the respiratory system topic effectively enhances student creativity through exploratory activities such as creating lung models, organizing clean air campaigns, and conducting simple experiments. PjBL also supports the development of collaborative skills, problem-solving abilities, and learning responsibility. In conclusion, PjBL is an effective and relevant instructional strategy to increase creativity and create meaningful learning experiences at the elementary school level, especially in science education.

This research is motivated by problems in the implementation of the strategy of the Ciamis Regency Small and Medium Business Cooperative Office in the development of Micro and Medium Small Enterprises in Kujang Village, Cikoneng District, Ciamis Regency. The method used in this study is descriptive with a causative approach. Primary data is sourced from the results of interviews with 6 selected informants who are relevant to the problem. Secondary data is sourced from documents, books, journals, reports, and legislation. Data collection was carried out based on interviews, observations, and documentation with data analysis techniques through data reduction, data triangulation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the MSME development strategy through digital platforms has not been running optimally. Obstacles occur in the lack of communication, active participation of MSME actors in policy formulation, mentoring activities, facilitation, evaluation, and programs that are still top-down.  Efforts to overcome obstacles are to increase the initiative of MSME actors in learning independently through digital media such as YouTube, and TikTok through e-commerce. The Kujang village government supports the implementation of training and facilitation if it is involved by the relevant agencies. The Cooperative Office, Small and Medium Enterprises and Trade is improving its strategy through further collaboration with village governments that have not received attention, especially Kujang village MSMEs in participating, mentoring, coaching, and facilitating.

In the era of globalization and the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the 21st century, critical thinking skills become a crucial competence that students must master. However, based on preliminary observations and previous research, it was found that many high school students lacked the ability to think critically in the learning process, especially in Islamic Education subjects. This research aims to find out how the problem solving method affects the critical thinking skills of students in PAI subjects in class XI of Purwakarta State High School 3. This research uses a quantitative approach with the one group pre-test post-test pre-experimental method. The research results showed that the average pre-test and post-test scores increased by 29.4%, the wilxocon hypothesis test also showed a significant influence from the application of problem solving methods in improving students' critical thinking skills. However, the results of the N-Gain calculation show that the effectiveness of the increase is in a low category. This indicates that although the problem solving method has a significant impact, the magnitude of the impact or effectiveness is still not optimal.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Reciprocal Teaching learning model on the reading comprehension ability of news texts among seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Hiliduho. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The pretest results showed that the initial abilities of students in the experimental and control classes were comparable, with average scores of 64.57 and 65.87, respectively. After the treatment, the experimental class showed a significant increase, achieving a posttest average of 81.52, while the control class only reached 74.35. The Reciprocal Teaching model proved effective in creating a collaborative learning environment, encouraging students to think critically, engage in discussions, and teach one another. In contrast, the control class, which used the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, demonstrated lower participation and higher dependence on the teacher. The hypothesis test showed a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05, indicating that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. These results indicate a significant effect of the Reciprocal Teaching model on students’ ability to comprehend news texts. Therefore, this model is recommended as an effective teaching strategy to enhance students’ reading comprehension, particularly in news text material at the junior high school level.

This research iss motivated by the problem of the lack of digital learning facilities that can be flexibly accessed by students and theachers at SMP Djama'atul Ichwan Surakarta, so that interaction in the theaching and learning proces is limited. The theories applied in this study include the concept of E-Learning as a distance learning method rooted in information technology, web-based system development, and an interactive technology integration approach to increase effectiveness and engagement in learning. The method used is the Waterfall model system development life cycle (SDLC), which includes the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation with PHP and MySQL using the CodeIgniter framework, and function testing. The research findings show that the designed web-based E-Learning system successfully provides features for managing student and teacher data, distributing teaching materials, scheduling lessons, giving assignments, and interaction through discussion forums. This system is considered capable of supporting a more organized and interactive online education process.The implementation of this systemis expected to a long-term solution to overcome the limitations of traditional learning methods and become a foundation for the development of digital learning platforms in the futur.

The use of computers in the teaching and learning process aims to improve the quality of teaching and learning. One of the competencies of teachers is applying information and communication technology in learning. Some problems that exist in society, especially in some schools, are the lack of multimedia-based learning materials in the classroom; learning using conventional methods; and the lack of use of information technology among teachers. Therefore, a workshop on how to create multimedia-based materials was proposed. The purpose of this workshop is to train teachers to build from scratch to multimedia-based teaching materials and train them to use information technology tools optimally. Some of the benefits requested are that teachers can learn new knowledge especially about multimedia; applications made by teachers can be used as initial applications to be used as one of the tools to transfer topics or subjects to their students. This workshop was held for one day from May 15, 2025 joining 20 educators from SMP Advent Kabanjahe. The result of this Socialization is the application of learning media teaching materials based on macromedia flash and can be used as one of the tools in the classroom to transfer knowledge to the class.

The implementation of learning at Ma Ma'arif Ambulu experienced problems in the form of low student interest in learning. This incident was shown from the results of student learning in the previous semester with only 50% of students getting a KKM score of 70. The cause of the lack of delivery of learning in class was due to the lack of learning media, when delivering learning in class. This resulted in students being less interested and less active in seeking more information related to the material being studied. The study was conducted using classroom action research with a data analysis method in the form of a questionnaire to measure student interest in learning. Based on the analysis of data from cycle I, it was found that student interest in learning was in the low category of 56.75% and cycle II, it was found that student interest in learning was 83.71% which was included in the high ability category. The conclusion obtained is that learning using the Paludarium learning media can increase the interest in learning of class X IPA I MA Ma'arif Ambulu students in the 2022/2023 academic year totaling 28 students in the Ecosystem material.

The problem of waste is a global issue that continues to increase and has a significant impact on the environment and public health. In Indonesia, awareness of good waste management still needs to be improved, especially among young people. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the waste education program and waste management learning implemented by KKM Unsera at SDN 1 Dalung, Serang City. This program is based on a participatory and interactive approach, involving students directly in activities to introduce types of waste, sort waste, and simple recycling efforts. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the program show an increase in understanding and awareness of SDN 1 Dalung students regarding the importance of proper waste management. Students appear more enthusiastic in disposing of waste in its place according to its type and show interest in participating in waste reduction activities in the school environment. The success of this program indicates that early education is crucial in forming environmentally conscious behavior. Collaboration between universities and basic education institutions has great potential to create a generation that is more responsible for the environment.

This study applies a qualitative descriptive method with the aim of describing and analyzing the issues found. This qualitative approach is based on the collection of primary and secondary data. Primary data in this study were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, while secondary data were obtained through books, previous research, and articles relevant to this study. The data source in this study is interview transcripts obtained from a number of respondents called research informants. These informants were selected based on a certain method because their abilities or positions were considered able to describe the problems that would be the object of research. The informants of this study numbered four people consisting of one big order admin employee, two community event SPVs and one community event employee. The main objective of this study is to understand the application of digital literacy at PT XYZ, including the challenges faced in implementing digital literacy in daily work. Awareness of the importance of digital literacy has grown among employees, but its implementation is not evenly distributed. Recommended strategies to improve digital literacy include regular training, use of digital learning media, formation of internal learning communities, and improvement of technological facilities. Implementation of this strategy is important to support effective and efficient digital transformation in the PT XYZ administrative work environment.