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This study aims to analyze learning difficulties in Bahasa Indonesia among 4th grade students at SDN Margamulya VI Bekasi. The researcher employed a qualitative research method for this study. The instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted at SDN Margamulya VI among 4th grade students in the academic year 2024/2025.The findings of this study indicate that the learning difficulty in Bahasa Indonesia experienced by the 4th grade students at SDN Margamulya VI is related to the understanding of paragraph types according to their positions. Factors influencing these difficulties include the students' inability to grasp the abstract concepts of the material.

The results of the research that have been researched by the author are: First, the reason for the integration of PAI learning at SMP BP Amanatul Ummah Pacet is to deepen students' understanding of Islamic religious teachings. Therefore, integration of PAI learning with book learning is carried out, such as Fiqh using Mabadiul Fikihiya and Arabic using Akidatul Awam. Obstacles faced include the difficulty of teachers dividing time between PAI and muis as well as the challenges of adapting new grade 7 students from elementary school. Solutions include teacher adaptation to changing moods and student maturity levels as well as developing engaging and effective teaching methods to maintain student focus. Second, the form of integration of learning that uses the Integrated model (The Integrated Model).

This study is motivated by the students' poetry writing skills are often hampered due to lack of focus, difficulty expressing feelings due to uncomfortable situations, low interest in writing, less time, and less optimal use of a variety of learning models and media so that the results obtained by students are less than optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to apply other innovative models and media that are more supportive. So that in this study has a formulation of the problem of how the application of the Project Based Learning model assisted by Wattpad media in writing poetry material for class VIII students of SMPN 25 Semarang in the 2023/2024 academic year. The data collection method of this research is descriptive qualitative. With the subject of class VIII C totaling 33 students. The data collection techniques used in this study were test and non-test techniques. The test technique was carried out by giving a test on writing poetry text through the specified learning media, while the non-test technique was carried out by observation, student questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. So that the application of the Project Based Learning Model assisted by Wattpad Media can be applied with the results of good poetry text work products in learning the material of writing poetry texts on Class VIII Students of SMPN 25 Semarang Academic Year 2023/2024.

The purpose of this study is to increase students' interest in the implementation of dance extracurricular activities at MTsN 7 Pesisir Selatan. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. The steps to analyze data are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. Dance extracurricular activities are carried out in stages, starting with gathering students who are interested in participating in dance extracurricular activities, making schedules, and providing materials. Dance extracurricular activities began with the recruitment of new members, students who were interested in participating in dance extracurricular activities totaling 20 people. After carrying out extracurricular activities in dance with umbrella dance learning, students' interest began to increase, this can be seen from the enthusiasm of students who attended every meeting. Then from the learning carried out by 8 students who were able to perform dance movements with a good level of memorization, 10 students who lacked memorization and 2 students who had difficulty practicing the dance movements given by the coach during dance extracurricular activities with limited facilities and inadequate infrastructure.  

This research aims to analyze students' difficulties in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects in Class IV UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru. The subjects in this research were 19 students of UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru consisting of three students with high abilities, three students with medium abilities, and three students with low abilities. Data collection was carried out using written tests and continued with individual interviews to obtain valid data. The results of the analysis of the difficulty test for writing stories for students showed an average score of 67.63 for students. From these data it can be seen that the ability of class IV students in writing stories is still quite low. Of the 3 questions asked, many students still had difficulty answering questions related to structure and choosing words. Based on the results of interviews with 9 students, it is known that the difficulties experienced by students in the high subject category are that students have difficulty determining titles and connecting words to make a complete sentence. The difficulties experienced by moderate subjects were difficulty putting together good and interesting sentences in determining the content of the story and the noisy classroom atmosphere affecting their concentration in writing. Meanwhile, the difficulties experienced by low subjects are that they are not interested in writing a story so it is difficult to write, they have difficulty deciding what words to use, and they have no interest in writing long texts so they prefer not to do it. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the level of difficulty for students in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects is still quite low.

Education creates an optimal learning environment and an active learning process for students to develop their potential and help them achieve goals in improving knowledge and morals, as well as building children's personalities. Lack of educational facilities and difficulty managing free time are also problems for teenagers in channeling their talents and interests and preparing for a better future. Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School as an alternative school has an optimal environment for character education. The aim of this research is to design a Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School that can meet educational needs, a good learning environment, security and safety, as well as several supporting architectural factors and elements by applying metaphorical architectural aspects. The research method is carried out using qualitative methods, which can be collected by collecting data from literature studies, case studies or similar themes, then direct observation of educational activities. The application of a design with a metaphorical architectural theme, which uses the basic shape of a rose, is expected to visually illustrate the function of the building. Thus, observers and building users are expected to be able to clearly obtain ideas and impressions of the activities taking place within it through the shape of the building mass and facade.  

Students who have difficulty learning mathematics will often make mistakes in learning to count and mistakes in solving word problems in mathematics. The difficulties experienced by students are difficulty in working on story problems due to the inability to understand the meaning of the questions and confusion when determining what arithmetic operations will be used to solve the story problems. The purpose of this research was to analyze the learning difficulties experienced by students as well as the factors that caused students’ learning difficulties in working on multiplication questions in the form of stories in class II elementary school. The method used in this research is descriptive case study. The subjects of this research are students and teachers of class II A at SDN 15 ULU GADUT. The data collection procedures used in the research are test’s, interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research show that difficulties in learning mathematics include: 1) Difficulty in distinguishing multiplication problems from other material, 2) Student’s writing cannot be read, 3) Difficulty doing calculations in solving multiplication problems. Internal factors include: 1) Lack of enthusiasm for studying, 2) Low numeracy skills and difficulty understanding questions, 3) Not focusing on studying. External factors include: 1) Lack of attention from parents, 2) Often asking students to memorize multiplication, 3) Not using interesting learning media in teaching.

Language has a very important role in human life as a means of daily communication, especially in speaking. Speaking is a way for someone to convey their meaning to another person using words, so that they can be understood. This skill is very crucial, especially for children in elementary school. However, many elementary school students still have difficulty speaking or conveying their ideas and opinions. To overcome this, it is necessary to use learning media that can help develop students' speaking skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach and a type of library research, which collects data from related scientific papers. The results of the literature study show that the use of flash cards as a learning medium can be effective in improving students' speaking skills at the elementary school level. Flash cards contain text, vocabulary, or symbols that help students convey information orally more easily and clearly.

This research aims to analyze the difficulties of fourth grade students at SDN Mekarjaya 14 in solving mathematics story problems. This research uses qualitative research with an inductive method. This research aims to gain knowledge based on correct and reliable data and facts about students' mathematics learning difficulties in the form of story problems. The research instrument used was observation of test questions in the form of stories. The technique for checking the validity of the data is using triangulation. Based on the results of observations, there were still many respondents who made mistakes in working on the questions, including mistakes in changing story questions into mathematical sentences and using arithmetic operations. In general, students have difficulty working on story problems which are presented in the form of story problems. Apart from that, respondents also did not master multiplying results up to 100. In accordance with findings in the field, it can be concluded that there were difficulties experienced by respondents, including difficulties in understanding concepts and material,master and use arithmetic operations, for example multiplication and division. Meanwhile, the factors that caused respondents to experience difficulty learning mixed arithmetic operations included their lack of mastery of the concepts of multiplication and division, and the lack of time provided by respondents to repeat lessons at home.    

Al Fityah Elementary School students and girls experience various learning difficulties such as difficulty concentrating or focusing on the material being taught, difficulty communicating thoughts and opinions to other people, difficulty communicating well, difficulty solving complicated problems that require students to think critically, and difficulty Arranging words and sentences correctly, this is interesting. This research aims to describe the types of learning difficulties of students at SDIT Al Fityah Pekanbaru, in order to understand the steps taken by teachers in overcoming the learning difficulties of participants at SDIT Al Fityah Pekanbaru. This research uses a qualitative approach. Teachers take steps to make student learning easier, namely directing and paying attention to students who experience learning difficulties, utilizing the learning environment, presenting assignments and exercises to create a desire for independent learning in students, directing students to study in groups using interesting learning. role models and rewards for students so that students feel happy and motivated in learning. Teachers also connect the material taught with students' daily lives, so that students easily understand the concepts being taught.

This study examines the types and factors of reading difficulties in children at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya, as well as evaluating the application of Problem-Based Learning Strategies (SPBM) implemented by classroom teachers. This qualitative research used observation, interview and documentation methods to collect data. The results showed that 8 students experienced reading difficulties, with various types of difficulties such as difficulty seeing long distances, low memory, difficulty spelling and pronouncing letters, and lack of letter recognition. Teachers at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya implemented SPBM with the method of showing animated videos, using everyday problems, letter card media, and remedial programs to overcome students' reading difficulties. SPBM proved effective with the support of adequate infrastructure, but was hampered by unconducive classroom conditions. This study also identified the types and factors of reading difficulties at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya and evaluated the effectiveness of SPBM in overcoming them. The implementation of SPBM proved to be beneficial, but needs adjustments to maximize its effectiveness.

Children with special needs are children who have their own individuality in terms of types and characteristics, which distinguish them from normal children in general. Learning difficulties are more related to psychological disorders such as frustration, anxiety, adjustment barriers and emotional disorders, so learning difficulties can be related to psychological factors, especially personality, adjustment disorders and self-confidence. This study aims to determine the learning difficulties experienced by students with special needs. The method used is descriptive using qualitative data analysis so that it becomes an easy-to-understand data exposure. The selection of research subjects consisted of one classroom teacher, one GPK teacher, and one student with special needs. The results showed that there were students with special needs who were categorized as slow learners. Students experience difficulties during the learning process such as difficulty recognizing letters and numbers.    

Children with special needs are children who have their own individuality in terms of types and characteristics, which distinguish them from normal children in general. Learning difficulties are more related to psychological disorders such as frustration, anxiety, adjustment barriers and emotional disorders, so learning difficulties can be related to psychological factors, especially personality, adjustment disorders and self-confidence. This study aims to determine the learning difficulties experienced by students with special needs. The method used is descriptive using qualitative data analysis so that it becomes an easy-to-understand data exposure. The selection of research subjects consisted of one classroom teacher, one GPK teacher, and one student with special needs. The results showed that there were students with special needs who were categorized as slow learners. Students experience difficulties during the learning process such as difficulty recognizing letters and numbers.    

Concentration is an important aspect of learning, but there are still many students who experience difficulty concentrating. This research aims to determine the effect of nature music therapy on increasing student learning concentration. This experimental research uses a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 10 students who were divided into experimental and control groups. Concentrations were measured before and after treatment. The result was that there was a higher average increase in the experimental group's concentration score (sig value = 0.011; two-sided p (p<0.05)). Therefore, it can be concluded that nature music therapy has a positive and significant influence on increasing student learning concentration.

The purpose of this research is to delve deeper into the issues faced by teachers in implementing inclusive schooling at UPTD SDN Gunungsekar 2 Sampang. The researcher employs a qualitative approach, gathering data through interviews, observations, and documentation, which are then analyzed using qualitative analysis methods. The findings of this study reveal several challenges encountered by teachers in inclusive education, including lack of parental knowledge, difficulty for students in grasping the material, and limited variation in the use of teaching methods and media. Efforts undertaken by the school to address these challenges include conducting enjoyable learning processes using various methods and media, involving students with special needs in all learning activities, providing additional time for these students, and offering guidance or seminars to both special education teachers and regular classroom teachers.

This research is motivated by problems experienced by students, such as continuous problems, the lack of interaction between friends can actually affect the student learning process, especially for class VII. Students are more limited or less active because they lack self-confidence and have difficulty communicating. Therefore, by implementing the contextual teaching and learning model, it is hoped that students can grow their self-confidence so that they can increase social interaction between students and create good learning activities. The research objectives are, to find out the step, supporting and inhibiting factors, impact of implementing the Contextual Teaching And Learning model in social studies learning in increasing the social interaction of class VII students at MTsN 3 Tulungagung. This research uses a qualitative approach, descriptive research type. Descriptive research is presented in the form of words found from observations which are then analyzed, interpreted and conclusions drawn. The population of this study was class VII MTsN 3 Tulungagung and school residents. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research are drawn to conclusions which show that the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model can increase social interaction between students, so that students tend to be more active and learning activities can run well.

The aim of this research is to find out: (1) How interaction patterns between teachers and deaf students are studied at the Keleyan Bangkalan State Special School; and (2) What factors hinder interaction between teachers and deaf students in learning at the Keleyan Bangkalan State Special School. This qualitative descriptive research interviewed one teacher. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis and drawing conclusions are data collection techniques. (1) The interaction patterns of teachers and deaf students in learning are shown by the research results: a) the use of verbal patterns, which is carried out by combining verbal and non-verbal communication, so that deaf students can get used to using verbal patterns; b) the use of nonverbal patterns in learning interactions between teachers and students by teaching the alphabet word by word, so that students can understand the material provided. (2) Factors that hinder teacher interaction are a) psychological factors of deaf students because they have low intelligence, which makes it difficult for them to understand the material, and b) semantic factors because deaf students have to repeat lesson material. In addition, teachers try to interpret one word at a time during learning interactions because deaf students have difficulty in semantics.

A person's reading comprehension ability is obtained from the learning process and perseverance. This research was conducted because of the need for a more in-depth analysis of students' reading comprehension abilities when learning Indonesian. This research aims to: 1) Analyze students' reading comprehension abilities; (2) Barriers faced by students in reading comprehension.  This research is qualitative research using the case study method. Data collection techniques include observation, reading comprehension tests, and interviews. Analysis techniques include reduction, data presentation, and validation. The results of the research show that: (1) The reading comprehension abilities of fifth grade elementary school students are different. (2) Some of the obstacles faced by students include limited vocabulary, difficulty in understanding the context or background of the text, difficulty in connecting new information with existing knowledge and difficulty in analyzing information and deducing the meaning of the text. (3) There are two factors that cause difficulties in reading comprehension, namely internal factors (within the student) namely interest in reading and external factors (outside the student) namely the family environment and the school environment..

This research is motivated by the fact that nearly 70% of children who are newly enrolled and start learning at Bunda Kartika Kindergarten in Patumbak, Deli Serdang, have difficulty adjusting to the new learning environment. This stage of learning in kindergarten is their first step into formal education. According to the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 137 of 2014 on national standards for early childhood education (PAUD), it sets national standards for PAUD, including aspects of child development that must be met during the learning process. These standards cover various aspects of child adjustment such as socio-emotional, language, cognitive, and motor skills. This research aims to identify the nature of adjustment problems occurring in kindergartens and early childhood education by understanding the aspects of adjustment and the supporting and inhibiting factors for new students in adapting to the new environment. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method, where the researcher conducts objective interviews and environmental observations. Data collection techniques include document review, observation, and interviews. The results of the study indicate several issues related to children's adjustment, ranging from psychological factors, prenatal environment, parenting styles, to socialization problems in the school environment. These factors significantly impact early childhood development and require special attention in the context of preschool education.  

Although it is hoped that school children are able to deal with learning situations well, in reality students often experience obstacles in the teaching and learning process, which shows a gap between expectations and educational reality. This research focuses on a teacher from the Bandung Percut Sei Tuan Private Vocational High School (SMK). The aim of this research is to identify and understand the problems faced by teachers in teaching and the approaches used to overcome these obstacles through in-depth and open interviews. Interviews were conducted in the teacher's work space, with the aim of creating an environment that supports and encourages teachers to share experiences and their thoughts openly. The interview guide consisted of five questions designed to explore the main challenges in teaching, conflict resolution strategies, and the teacher's ways of dealing with students' low interest or difficulty in following lessons. The teacher identified major challenges such as lazy attitude towards studying, tendency to sleep, and high interest in playing among students. In facing this challenge, teachers adopt a flexible approach by providing short breaks between intensive learning sessions to maintain students' energy and focus. In terms of conflict resolution, teachers emphasize the importance of patience and self-control, as well as providing positive reinforcement for desired behavior. Teachers also emphasize the need to treat students with compassion and emotional attention, seeing them as biological children who must be cared for and guided with care. In addition, teachers realize the importance of collaborating with parents to support students' holistic development. The research results show that the main challenges faced by teachers in teaching at the Bandung Percut Sei Tuan Private Vocational School can be overcome through a flexible approach, positive reinforcement, and deep emotional attention. This approach is believed to create an inclusive and supportive learning environment, which in turn can improve students' emotional well-being and academic achievement. This research provides important insights for educators in developing effective strategies to overcome obstacles in the teaching and learning process