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This article explores the dimensions of spiritualism and existential feminism in the short story Umi Kalsum by Djamil Suherman using a qualitative descriptive approach combined. The study focuses on interpreting symbolic and ideological elements within the text that reflect the search for life’s meaning, spiritual awareness, and the position of women within a patriarchal social structure. Data were obtained through literature review and analyzed in depth through the processes of data reduction, presentation, and interpretive reflection, with validity ensured through source triangulation and repeated readings. The findings reveal that the character Umi Kalsum represents a devout woman who lives under strict social norms, yet possesses strong spiritual and inner resilience. Spiritual values are reflected in her submissive and sincere acceptance of suffering, while existential feminism is expressed through her inner conflict and struggle for personal freedom. The protagonist’s tragic end serves as a symbolic protest against the restrictive social order imposed on women. This short story illustrates how spiritual experience and existential awareness can act as liberating forces in the face of gender-based injustice.

The sign system in public spaces functions as a visual communication tool and shapes people's experiences and perceptions. The objectives of this study are; 1) to identify the types of signs found in shopping centers; 2) to analyze the function and role of these signs in supporting activities and social interactions in shopping centers; and 3) to explain how these signs influence visitors' perceptions and experiences. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with research stages including literature study, determining the location of the study, data collection, data analysis using Peirce's semiotic theory, data validity testing, and drawing conclusions. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation and documentation stages. The results of this study found that the visual sign system in the Ramayana Teladan Medan shopping center is classified into several categories of signs according to Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory, such as Rhematic Indexical Legisign, Dicent Sinsign, Qualisign, and Iconic Legisign. Visualization of signs—whether through images, colors, or text—can influence visitors' understanding and behavior, for example by increasing alertness, compliance with rules, or perceptions of safety and comfort.

This article aims to: (1) explain the associative meaning contained in the story collection titled Malam Terakhir by Leila S. Chudori, (2) describe the associative meaning contained in the story collection. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The main source of data in this study is the story collection Last Night written by Leila S. Chudori. The data collection process was carried out using reading and note-taking techniques. Data validation was carried out through increased diligence, discussions with peers, and using the triangulation method. Data analysis was conducted in three steps, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this study show that the associative meaning in the story collection Last Night by Leila S. Chudori is 54 data, which is divided into four groups: stylistic meaning with 16 data, affective meaning contains 10 data, connotative meaning includes 17 data, and collocative meaning totals 11 data. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the texts in the story collection Last Night by Leila S. Chudori contain vocabulary that has associative meaning.

This study aims to analyze the syntactic structure and function in a news text containing the statement of the Speaker of the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR RI) regarding the case of a specialist medical education (PPDS) student at Padjadjaran University (UNPAD). The focus of this research is on identifying clauses, phrases, and sentence patterns, including syntactic errors found in the online news article. A descriptive qualitative method was used with a syntactic analysis approach. The results show that the news text contains a variety of simple and complex clause structures with syntactic functions that serve to deliver informative and persuasive messages. However, several syntactic errors were also found, such as ineffective sentence construction, phrase misplacement, and ambiguous meanings. These findings highlight the importance of syntactic accuracy in news writing to ensure clarity and precision of information. This research is expected to contribute to the field of syntax studies and help improve language quality in mass media writing.

This study aims to analyze the forms and functions of deixis in the novel Drama Vendetta by Intanera. The focus of the research includes five types of deixis: personal, spatial (place), temporal (time), social, and discourse deixis. Personal deixis is used to reveal the identities of characters and the relationships between speaker and listener within the narrative. Spatial deixis indicates locations that are emotionally and narratively significant to the characters, while temporal deixis reflects shifts between past, present, and future that shape the story’s emotional and structural flow. Social deixis highlights status differences, emotional distance, and levels of formality in character interactions. Meanwhile, discourse deixis serves to maintain cohesion and continuity within the text by referring to elements mentioned elsewhere in the narrative. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through reading and note-taking techniques. The findings show that Intanera uses various types of deixis strategically to enrich narrative structure, express psychological conflict, and establish social relationships and emotional meaning throughout the novel. This study is expected to contribute to the fields of pragmatic linguistics and discourse analysis in literary texts.

This study aims to describe and analyze the representation of Indonesian culture in Fiersa Besari's novel Arah Langkah using Roland Barthes' semiotic approach. This novel presents the narrative of the journey of the novel's characters who discover the diversity of Indonesian culture through geographical descriptions, customs, and social interactions that occur. Using descriptive qualitative methods and literature studies, the study examines the cultural signs that appear in the text in depth at the level of denotative, connotative, and cultural myth meanings. Barthes' approach allows the disclosure of layers of symbolic and ideological meanings hidden in the novel's cultural representation. The results of the analysis are expected to enrich literary and cultural studies, increase readers' appreciation of Indonesian cultural values, and contribute to the preservation of the nation's cultural identity amidst the flow of globalization. This study also emphasizes the role of the novel as a medium for reflecting socio-cultural life and a means of learning life values through the experiences of characters in the story.

This study explores the crucial role of Siyaq al-Kalam in uncovering the nuances of meaning in the Qur’anic verses using a contextual semantic approach. The research employs qualitative methods through library research to analyze how linguistic, thematic, and historical contexts enrich the understanding of Qur’anic texts. The findings indicate that Siyaq al-Kalam—comprising linguistic, thematic, and situational contexts—plays a central role in preventing misinterpretation and in achieving a more authentic understanding of the Qur’an’s messages. This study confirms and deepens existing contextual semantic theories and contributes to the development of Qur’anic linguistic studies. Nevertheless, this research remains descriptive and requires further empirical studies to validate and expand its findings. It is therefore recommended that future studies incorporate field-based approaches and practical applications, so that the theoretical insights of Siyaq al-Kalam can be more effectively implemented in educational and interpretative practices of the Qur’an.

This study aims to analyze i‘rab in Arabic syntax from two main perspectives: classical nahwu theory and modern linguistic approaches, as well as to evaluate the application of i‘rab in the construction of Arabic sentences. I‘rab refers to the inflection of a word’s ending, which indicates its syntactic function in a sentence, playing a crucial role in determining the meaning and structure of the sentence in Arabic. In the context of classical nahwu theory, as found in works such as Al-Kitab by Sibawaih and Al-Mufassal by Al-Zamakhsyari, i‘rab functions as a grammatical marker that helps to understand the relationships between the elements of a sentence, such as the subject, object, and complement. In contrast, modern linguistic approaches view i‘rab as one component in a more complex sentence structure, focusing on overall syntactic and semantic analysis. The research methodology employed is qualitative-descriptive with a content analysis approach, where data is collected from library studies covering primary literature in the fields of classical nahwu and modern linguistics. This study analyzes and compares the application of classical nahwu theory with modern linguistic approaches to i‘rab and its impact on understanding sentence structure in Arabic. The results show that although classical nahwu theory and modern linguistic approaches differ in their application of i‘rab, they complement each other in providing a more comprehensive understanding of Arabic sentence syntax. A proper understanding of i‘rab is essential not only in teaching Arabic but also in translating and interpreting Arabic texts, both in academic and practical contexts. This study is expected to contribute to the development of Arabic language teaching and serve as a reference for Arabic scholars interested in syntactic studies and its applications in Arabic sentence analysis.

This research aims to examine how elementary school teachers enhance students’ reading skills using Indonesian folklore as a learning medium. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach, with data gathered through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and analysis of instructional materials. The results indicate that teachers apply various contextual teaching strategies, including guided reading, storytelling, group discussions, and vocabulary development using folklore texts. These methods help foster student engagement and improve reading comprehension. The study highlights the importance of integrating local cultural content into literacy instruction at the primary education level.

This research discusses the semiotic signs used in the @barenbliss_id Instagram posters. This research aims to identify the verbal and visual signs used in Barenbliss Indonesia Instagram posters and explain how these signs shape consumer perception to increase brand engagement. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The data were collected from two Instagram posters published by @barenbliss_id in November 2024. These posters were documented and analyzed by identifying their verbal and visual elements. Afterward, the interrelation of the signs to increase engagement was explained. Afterward, the interrelation of the signs to increased engagement was explained. The analysis applied Barthes’s semiotics theory and supported by Chandler’s signs framework. The findings of this research show that visual signs are more dominant than verbal signs, with a total of 13 visual signs and 7 verbal signs. The signs used are texts containing information about the product, bright and soft colors, images of the product, and models that help visually show the product’s use. The verbal and visual signs used on the posters are interrelated and complement each other. These results show that well-coordinated use of verbal and visual elements can effectively shape positive consumer perceptions and increase brand engagement.

In this article, we discuss the nature of human beings as learning creatures and creatures who are always dependent on Allah SWT as contained in QS. Al-'Alaq verses 1-5. What is a special fact in this article is the urgency of understanding Islamic education in answering modern challenges through strengthening the values of monotheism and spirituality. The purpose of this study is to analyze in depth the meaning of education and human existence in the perspective of tarbawi interpretation of the early verses of surah al-'alaq. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. The data collection technique uses literature review by studying verses of the Qur'an. Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive-qualitative manner with an interpretative approach to the text and the thoughts of experts. The results of the study show that qs. al-'alaq 1-5 affirms that man was created as a learning creature who obtains knowledge from Allah and in the process of learning always needs His guidance. This article emphasizes that the theory of Islamic education must be based on the theory of education should be based on the principle of monotheism which combines intellectual intelligence and spiritual awareness.

This study describes the morpho-stylistic and the semantic-stylistic features used in the top four songs of Arctic Monkeys’ AM album, namely, “I Wanna Be Yours,” “Do I Wanna Know?”, “Why’d You Only Call Me When You’re High?” and “No. 1 Party Anthem.” This research conducted using a qualitative descriptive method derived from the linguistic deviation theory by Leech analyses of the lyrical texts for their morphological and semantic deviations like informal contractions, neologism, objectification, metaphors and irony. Taking language out of the box, the findings show that Arctic Monkeys have consistently broken linguistic norms in order to produce emotionality, stylistic nuance and lyrical uniqueness. These deviations greatly enhance the band’s lyrical identity of poetic and aesthetic qualities.

This study examines the poem Sajak Sebatang Lisong by W.S. Rendra through a postcolonial lens, focusing on the underlying social criticism embedded within the text. The poem reflects the persistent social inequalities that continue to affect Indonesian society in the post-independence era, particularly in the realms of education and the marginalization of impoverished children. Through symbols such as the cigarette (lisong), wealthy elites (cukong), and the imagery of an endless road, the poem highlights the lingering presence of colonial structures within contemporary social and educational systems. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the study utilizes textual analysis and socio-cultural context as primary analytical tools. The findings reveal that political independence has not been fully accompanied by social justice. Structural oppression and limited opportunities continue to hinder the younger generation in their pursuit of a better future. As such, the poem serves as a powerful literary critique of neocolonial practices and ongoing social alienation. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how literature can reflect colonial legacies and the socio-political dynamics of post-independence Indonesia, while also enriching the discourse in postcolonial literary studies.  

This study aims to analyze the discourse framing of Kompas.com news texts related to the hashtag “Kabur Aja Dulu”, which was published in the period 17 February - 17 March 2025. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with Teun A. Van Dijk analysis model. The research data was obtained through digital documentation of Kompas.com articles using the hashtag “Kabur Aja Dulu”, then analyzed through three main stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The analysis was conducted systematically using Van Dijk's structural framework which includes three levels of analysis: macro structure, superstructure, and microstructure. The analysis shows that Kompas.com tends to use language and interview techniques that reflect the government's perspective, with complex discourse framing patterns that reflect power dynamics in news production. Through the analysis of Van Dijk's model, it can be seen that the media uses various linguistic and structural strategies to build a narrative that is in line with the government's perspective, including the use of formal language, structured interview techniques, and the construction of a strong narrative about the urgency of handling the phenomenon. Overall, this study reveals how the mass media play an important role in the social construction of reality through the way they frame and convey information to the public.

This study aims to analyze the syntactic structure in Rony Parulian's song lyrics on the album "Rahasia Pertama", focusing on seven types of phrases, namely nominal phrases, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, numerals, prepositions, and conjunctions. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with text analysis techniques to identify and classify phrases based on their syntactic forms and functions. The results of the study show that all types of phrases are found in song lyrics and have functions as subjects, predicates, objects, complements, and adverbs. The use of phrases not only builds grammatical sentence structures, but also strengthens the emotional, aesthetic, and expressive meanings in the lyrics. These findings confirm that the power of language in songs lies in the syntactic structure that is able to convey messages deeply and poetically.

This study aims to analyze the pragmatic functions of deixis in six selected songs from Ariana Grande’s Eternal Sunshine album. Using Levinson’s (1983) theory of deixis, the study identifies and classifies five types of deictic expressions: person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method and uses documentation as its main data collection technique. A total of 306  deixis  were found: 228 person  deixis, 33 time deixis, 16  place deixis, 19 discourse deixis, and 11  social deixis. The dominant use of person  deixis demonstrates the strong self-expression and emotional engagement of the singer.  Time and discourse deixis help shape the emotional timeline of the narrative, while  place  and social deixis reflect interpersonal distance and roles. The findings reveal that deixis functions not only to maintain textual cohesion but also as a pragmatic tool to construct intimacy, express identity, and evoke emotional resonance in the lyrics.

This study aims to explain the cultural values ​​contained in the Kinanti – Dhat song, which is the original soundtrack (OST) of the film KKN di Desa Penari. This song was chosen because it contains strong Javanese cultural elements and has a symbolic meaning that is closely related to the film's story. This study uses an anthropolinguistic approach with a qualitative descriptive method. Data were analyzed through text studies and cultural contexts to reveal the hidden meanings in the song lyrics. The results of the study indicate the existence of cultural values ​​that reflect beliefs in supernatural powers and ancestral spirits, the importance of maintaining balance in life, and awareness of ethics, morals, and social norms. In addition, this song also conveys teachings to always be vigilant, protect oneself from bad influences, and uphold local traditions. These findings indicate that the Kinanti – Dhat song not only has aesthetic value, but is also full of cultural values ​​that are important to understand and preserve.  

This study aims to analyze the difficulties faced by phase B learners in primary schools in the skill of writing description essays. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, which involves observation and in-depth interviews with 20 learners. The results of the analysis showed that the difficulties in writing description essays resulted from several factors, including a lack of understanding of text structure, a lack of vocabulary, and a lack of motivation to learn. In addition, environmental factors such as support from parents and teachers also affect students' writing ability. This research is expected to provide insights for teachers and related parties in improving description essay writing skills so that students can develop optimally.

Reading interest among elementary school children is a fundamental foundation for literacy development and long-term academic success. However, the reading interest of elementary students in Indonesia remains low due to limited engaging reading materials and an unsupportive literacy environment. This study aims to analyze the role of various types of reading materials, such as fairy tales, children’s storybooks, and literate textbooks, in enhancing the reading interest of elementary students. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, collecting data through literature review, observation, and document analysis to depict effective practices in literacy learning. The results show that fairy tales serve as an initial gateway to literacy by building a positive emotional connection to reading, while children’s storybooks strengthen independent reading habits through appealing illustrations and engaging plots. Literate and contextual textbooks broaden literacy scope by integrating everyday experiences. The findings emphasize the importance of selecting reading materials suited to children’s psychological characteristics and the active role of teachers and parents in creating a joyful reading environment. This study provides strategic input for educators and policymakers to improve literacy at the elementary school level.

This study aims to analyze and compare the advertorial writing styles of two major Indonesian online media outlets: Detik.com and Kompas.com. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study examines the text structure, use of journalistic language, and application of the 5W+1H elements in each media’s advertorials. The analysis reveals that Detik.com tends to employ longer, information-dense, and technical sentences, while Kompas.com uses a more formal, informative, and concise writing style. These differences reflect the editorial strategies and target audience segmentation of each media outlet. This research contributes to the field of mass communication by providing insights into the dynamics of advertorial content as a hybrid form between journalism and marketing.