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Advances in information and communication technology have encouraged governments to integrate digital systems into public service delivery through e-government initiatives. In Riau Province, the Riau application at the Soeman H.S. Library exemplifies this implementation. This study examines how the Riau application enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of public services within the library. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. Findings show that the application provides convenient online access to library information and services. However, challenges remain, including limited financial resources, dependence on external parties, and insufficient feature development to meet user needs fully. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening institutional capacity, improving infrastructure, and formulating strategic plans to sustain digital library services. In line with Indonesia’s 1945 Constitution, regional governments possess autonomy to manage local affairs, aiming to improve public welfare through enhanced services, community empowerment, and civic participation while promoting regional competitiveness with attention to equity and democratic values. Following Presidential Instruction No. 3 of 2003, digital governance transformation is necessary to reduce bureaucratic barriers, integrate workflows, and support inter-institutional collaboration.

Education is a fundamental element in an individual's life that aims to optimize human potential across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. This research is motivated by the importance of students' ability to manage their study time effectively to support optimal learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare students' study time management based on gender. This study used a descriptive comparative method, with a sample of several eighth-grade students at Islamic Boarding School X. Data were collected using a Likert scale instrument, then analyzed using descriptive techniques and an independent-samples t-test using the (Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program) JASP application. The results indicate that several students are able to manage their study time well. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between male and female students in managing their study time. These findings indicate that the ability to manage study time is relatively even and is not influenced by gender.

Intellectual property rights (IPR) are an important legal tool for trademark ownership, protecting business quality, and protecting a company's economic interests. Consumers build trust in trademarks because they signal distinct product quality and reflect a positive and consistent corporate image. Trademark protection is regulated by national law under Trademark Law No. 20 of 2016, which provides legal certainty for trademark owners. This law stipulates that a trademark is only valid if it has distinctive elements, is not imitative, and has been officially registered with an authorized institution. The "first come, first served" principle in Indonesian trademark law can be interpreted as a mechanism that grants rights to the first party to file a valid application. However, the application of this principle in practice often raises complex legal issues, particularly when a trademark has already gained widespread public recognition prior to its formal registration. This study focuses on evaluating this legal protection through a normative legal research method by examining applicable laws, regulations, and court decisions related to trademark disputes in Indonesia. The Geprek Bensu dispute has attracted public attention because it highlights the conflict between legal provisions regarding trademark ownership and public perception. This case demonstrates that the existing legal framework still requires further refinement to balance the interests of trademark registrants with those of parties who have built public reputation through prior commercial use. Therefore, legal reform and consistent law enforcement are essential to ensure fair and comprehensive trademark protection in Indonesia.

Group-based learning in the classroom plays a vital role in enhancing social interaction, individual responsibility, as well as students' critical thinking and collaborative skills. However, its implementation often faces challenges such as the dominance of certain members, social loafing, low participation, and interpersonal conflicts that hinder group effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the dynamics of learning groups by integrating four key aspects: the concept of group dynamics based on the Tuckman model, the characteristics of effective groups in cooperative learning, group formation techniques, and conflict management strategies. The research utilizes a qualitative approach with a literature study method, analyzing 25 sources including nationally accredited journals, academic books, and theses published between 2020 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted through reduction, thematic classification, content analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The results indicate that effective group dynamics can be achieved through the Tuckman stages, the application of the five elements of cooperative learning, the selection of appropriate group formation techniques with risk mitigation, and the implementation of the Thomas-Kilmann conflict management styles.The scientific contribution of this research is the development of an integrative model based on these four aspects, which serves as a conceptual framework to strengthen collaborative learning practices in the classroom. Practical implications include the formation of ideal groups consisting of 4–5 students, the establishment of initial group contracts, the use of dual assessment rubrics (individual and group), and peer evaluation mechanisms to enhance accountability and reflection.

The language used in online news is not only a tool for conveying information but also shapes perspectives that influence readers. One key element in this aspect is phrases. Phrases always appear in various types of text. A phrase is a grammatical unit consisting of two or more words that does not exceed the functional limit and fulfills one of the syntactic functions. Phrases are often found in a text within a sentence, one of which is on the online news page cnnindonesia.com. The type of phrase found in the news page is a verb phrase that functions to form a predicate, link ideas, and better explain the author's intent. The cnnindonesia.com page about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025 was chosen because it shows a variety of verb phrases that are interesting to study. This study aims to describe the form of verb phrases found in the cnnindonesia.com news about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research can provide a clearer picture of verb phrases in journalistic texts. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study describe verb phrases and their syntactic functions in a cnnindonesia.com news story about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research is useful theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this study enriches the syntactic study of verb phrases and their application in media texts. Practically, the results can serve as a reference for students, researchers, and journalists in using Indonesian effectively and according to the rules.

Improving the quality of education is a strategic issue that is the main focus in the development of educational institutions in Indonesia. In the era of globalisation and digital transformation, educational institutions are faced with the demand to produce graduates who are not only academically excellent, but also adaptive to changes and community needs. One approach that has been widely studied to address these challenges is the application of educational quality management. This study aims to systematically review various studies that discuss the concept, implementation, and results of the application of educational quality management, with the main question being how the application of quality management contributes to improving the quality of educational institutions. This study uses a literature review method by searching for scientific articles from 2019 to 2025 accessed through Google Scholar and the Publish or Perish (PoP) application. The search was conducted using the keywords ‘educational quality management’, ‘quality implementation’, and ‘improvement of educational institution quality’. From the search results of 15 articles, five main articles were obtained and analysed in depth based on their relevance to the topic and contribution to the research focus. The results of the study revealed three main themes: first, quality management is implemented as a continuous improvement strategy that emphasises planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up on quality; second, transformational and collaborative leadership are determining factors in the successful implementation of quality management; third, the implementation of quality management has been proven to improve student academic achievement and the effectiveness of educational institutions. This study concludes that educational quality management plays a significant role in building a culture of quality, accountability, and professionalism among educators. Further research is recommended to explore models of digital and participatory quality management implementation in the context of 21st-century education.

Adapting to the demands of the independent learning curriculum is important for students to have practical science skills. This research aims to improve the practical science skills of class V MI Muhajirin Jambi City students through the application of the Experiential Learning learning model. This model was chosen because it can provide students with direct experience in understanding science concepts, thus encouraging active involvement and mastery of practical skills. The research method used is classroom action research (PTK) with a two-cycle design, where each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data was collected through observation, practical skills assessment sheets, and interviews with students.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) on students' pronunciation performance. Proper pronunciation is one of the important aspects in foreign language learning, especially English, which is often a challenge for students. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, in which two different groups of students were given different treatments: one group was given instruction using the Audio-Lingual method, while the other group was given the conventional method. Data was collected through pronunciation tests conducted before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in the pronunciation performance of students who received treatment with the Audio-Lingual method compared to the control group. The findings support the hypothesis that the Audio-Lingual method is effective in improving students' pronunciation skills. This study makes an important contribution to language teaching, particularly in improving students' pronunciation skills through a more structured and repetitive approach.

The overarching goal of this study is to gain a deeper familiarity with Pancasila, its guiding principles, and its significance as a national framework. The theory that serves as the basis for this research's discussion is derived from the findings of literature studies conducted with a variety of existing sources, including in-depth expert journals, articles, and books. Given Pancasila's significance as a state, the author is keen on re-examining its application as the foundation of the state. This highlights the significance of Pancasila's implementation for any nation.

Time management is planning, organizing and monitoring time productivity. Time is a performance resource that must be managed effectively and efficiently. In the world of education, time is likened to a sword that must be mastered, as well as in the field of tahfidz al-Qur'an, one of which is implemented in Dayah in Aceh, management is really needed to achieve the memorization target. Regarding this, standard data has not been found regarding time management at Dayah, therefore this research seeks to answer the concept of time management, its application, settings and implications for student memorization. This research is a field study using a qualitative approach, carried out at Islamic boarding schools in Aceh. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The research results show that the time management concept for tahfidz is prepared/scheduled after evening and evening prayers and memorized deposits after dawn prayers. This time is short, if you look at Dayah's priority which is devoted to memorization. The application of time management is not optimal, students often procrastinate memorizing, they do not recognize the activities (memorization) and the application of time is still not clear. Apart from that, students are less focused on results, and their responses or attitudes are less firm at times. The implications of time management for memorizing the Al-Qur'an in Dayah, in general, can be seen from the increase and changes in students memorizing the Al-Qur'an.

Science learning is a boring lesson for students in some schools. There are several factors that cause students’ boredom in learning, one of the factors is because teachers at these schools are only fixated on books, so students become bored and this has an impact on their learning outcomes. The aim of this research is to develop science learning media using the Canva application to improve elementary school students’ learning outcomes. The method used in this research uses a systematic literature review where the results of the research are articles related to Canva learning media and active learning for elementary schools published between 2021-2024. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the use of the Canva application is very effective in improving elementary school students’ learning outcomes.

This study is motivated by the students' poetry writing skills are often hampered due to lack of focus, difficulty expressing feelings due to uncomfortable situations, low interest in writing, less time, and less optimal use of a variety of learning models and media so that the results obtained by students are less than optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to apply other innovative models and media that are more supportive. So that in this study has a formulation of the problem of how the application of the Project Based Learning model assisted by Wattpad media in writing poetry material for class VIII students of SMPN 25 Semarang in the 2023/2024 academic year. The data collection method of this research is descriptive qualitative. With the subject of class VIII C totaling 33 students. The data collection techniques used in this study were test and non-test techniques. The test technique was carried out by giving a test on writing poetry text through the specified learning media, while the non-test technique was carried out by observation, student questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. So that the application of the Project Based Learning Model assisted by Wattpad Media can be applied with the results of good poetry text work products in learning the material of writing poetry texts on Class VIII Students of SMPN 25 Semarang Academic Year 2023/2024.

The implementation of the General Administration System in the Administration Division of PT Anugerah Santosa Abadi (ASA) in Surabaya has a significant impact on the smooth operation of the company. This research highlights tax invoice and invoice management as a key element in daily administrative activities. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research aims to analyze the administrative practices implemented and their impact on company efficiency. The main objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of the general administration system, with a focus on the management of tax invoices and invoices, as well as identifying the impact on the smooth operations of PT ASA. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by carrying out an internship practice for one month at PT ASA. Data was collected through observation, interviews with administrative personnel, and analysis of documents related to tax invoices, invoices, and company tax policies. The research results show that PT ASA consistently applies two types of invoices, namely tax invoices and invoices, with clear roles and functions. Tax invoice color management contributes to the effectiveness of archiving and transaction tracking. Implementation of payment terms with the "Accurate" application also allows adaptation to the needs of customers from different sectors. Overall, good integration of administrative systems ensures company compliance with tax regulations and provides optimal service to customers. This research concludes that the implementation of the general administration system at PT ASA, especially in the management of tax invoices and invoices, makes a positive contribution to smooth operations and company compliance with tax regulations. The practical implication of this research is the importance of understanding and managing administrative aspects holistically to improve the efficiency and quality of company services.    

This research aims to improve English learning outcomes through the application of the Crossword puzzle strategy. Type of classroom action research (CAR). The sequence of research activities includes: (1) planning, (2) Implementation, (3) observation, (4) documentation. This classroom action research was conducted at SMP N 5 KENDARI. of class VIII, which consisted of 35 students, they were 16 male and 19 female students. And in collecting data, the researcher used observation technique, tests measuring learning outcomes. The result showed that the use of the crossword puzzle strategy in English learning can improve student learning outcomes starting to 44% in cycle 1, then the learning outcomes increased in cycle II by 96%.

The success of learning can be seen from student learning outcomes. Student learning outcomes can be said to be good if an educator is able to achieve learning goals by creating an active learning atmosphere, students are able to develop their potential starting from religious spirituality, knowledge, personality, intelligence, skills and noble morals that are useful for society, the nation and country. Education can be said to be good if the process, educators, methods and knowledge conveyed can be accepted and absorbed by students which can later be applied again by those students. If you look more carefully, the in learning, the most important method used by the teacher is, because even though the material presented is very interesting, if it is not accompanied by appropriate and adequate methods, the very interesting material will not be conveyed well to the participants. educate. The aims of this research are 1) to find out the application of the lecture method to the learning outcomes of class VII students in Social Sciences subjects at Mts Al Huda Bandung, to find out the advantages and disadvantages of applying lecture method learning to social studies subjects for class VII students at MTs Al Huda Bandung, to find out to what extent are the learning outcomes of class VII students in Social Sciences subjects at Mts Al Huda Bandung. The data collection techniques used are interview techniques, object-related observation techniques and documentation techniques. At the same time, data analysis techniques are used to reduce, present and draw conclusions. The results of the study are as follows: 1) The lecture method can be interpreted as the teacher explaining verbally in front of the students directly with a review of the material presented. 2) Each learning method has its own advantages and disadvantages. 3) The planned learning method is a factor that influence student learning outcomes

The application of school culture is important in forming student character, therefore researchers conducted an analysis of school culture as a determining factor in student character. This research was conducted at MTsN 2 Blitar City because this school is a school with potential and excellence. The problem that researchers found both outside the classroom and inside the classroom was that there were still a lack of students who obeyed and understood school culture so that this became a form of habit in breaking the rules. From the results of these observations, the researcher obtained several problem formulations, namely; 1. What is the state of school culture at MTsN 2 Blitar City, 2) What is the character of the students at MTsN 2 Blitar City, 3) What is the relationship between school culture and student character at MTsN 2 Blitar City. This research is included in qualitative research with descriptive methods. Data collection by researchers used observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data obtained will be qualitative data, in the form of observations and short interviews. The results obtained by researchers are that the state of school culture at MTsN 2 Blitar City is very creative and innovative. However, it turns out that this is still not enough to build student character. This is caused by two internal factors, namely those originating from oneself, and external factors originating from the external environment.

Communication patterns are one of the important factors that influence employee performance. The right communication pattern will be able to encourage employees to work more and be more productive, so that they can achieve organizational goals. This research is a type of qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data in this statement comes from the novel Resign by Almira Bastari. The novel Resign by Almira Bastari tells the story of the life of an employee named Alranita who works in a consulting office in Jakarta. Alranita experienced various difficulties in her work, one of which was due to her boss's authoritarian leadership style. The communication patterns established by the leadership in the company caused Alranita to feel uncomfortable and unmotivated at work. Based on the analysis of the novel Resign, it can be concluded that communication patterns have a negative influence on employee performance. As a result, employees become less productive and their performance decreases. Therefore, it is important for leaders to understand the application of appropriate communication patterns. Leaders must be able to create a conducive and supportive work environment, so that employees can work comfortably and are motivated.

This research aims to increase students' reading literacy through the application of the problem based learning model in class V of SD Negeri 010 Talontam for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is classroom action research which was carried out in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 23 fifth grade students at SD Negeri 010 Talontam for the 2022/2023 academic year. Research data was obtained through tests. The increase in Reading Literacy is shown by the increase in the average percentage of students' reading literacy which increased from 46.52% in the pre-cycle to 56.52% in the first cycle, and then to 76.52% in the second cycle. This shows an increase in reading literacy. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the problem based learning method used in class V of SD Negeri 010 Talontam for the 2022/2023 academic year has improved students' reading literacy skills.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of using the fizzo novel application on the writing ability of class XI students at SMK Negeri 4 Medan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The population in this study was all students in class The research method used is a quantitative experimental method. The research instrument is a drama text writing test which is assessed based on content aspects and linguistic aspects of the drama text. The results of the research show that there is an influence of using the fizzo novel application on the ability to write drama texts in class XI students at SMK Negeri 4 Medan. This is proven by hypothesis testing which shows that the value of Tcount > Ttable is 11.6 > 1.71 with a significance level of 5%.

This research aims to describe the method of implementing education in Islamic religious education lessons, such as the steps for implementing the discussion method and the obstacles faced by teachers in applying the discussion method in Islamic religious education lessons in the classroom. The author conducted this research at SMAN 3 Lubuk Basung. The approach used is a qualitative approach. With descriptive method. So the type of research is descriptive. The research subjects were Islamic religious teachers and students. The data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation, the data analysis technique used is data selection, data presentation and conclusion drawing and the data validation technique is the data triangulation technique. The results of this research explain that the application of the discussion method has proceeded in accordance with the application of discussion but is still not in accordance with existing theories, such as in the preparation step the teacher did not determine the type of discussion that would be used and prepared something related to the technical implementation of the discussion. The steps in carrying out the discussion were not in accordance with the established rules. In the closing section there are several steps that have not been implemented, namely the teacher has not yet reviewed the discussion that has been delivered by the speaker in the discussion. And the obstacles that the author found in implementing the discussion method were such as requiring a long time for discussion, uneven student activity, facilities not supporting it, and teachers not yet mastering the theories in applying the discussion method optimally. In conclusion, the teacher's understanding and knowledge of the theories The implementation of the discussion method needs to be improved further for the smooth implementation of discussions in PAI lessons in the future.