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Building effective leadership in schools is key to creating a productive and harmonious educational environment. A managerial psychology approach can provide in-depth insight into effective ways of leading, by considering psychological aspects that influence individual behavior and performance in school organizations. This approach focuses on understanding the psychological characteristics of leaders and team members, managing emotions, and effective communication in building mutually supportive relationships. In an educational context, managerial psychology can help school leaders to manage team dynamics, increase motivation, and create a positive work climate. Therefore, it is hoped that the application of managerial psychology principles in leadership in schools can produce more effective school management, both in the aspects of teaching, management and human resource development.  

The purpose of this observation was to determine how effective teaching with the lecture method combined with the Socrative application is in improving the understanding of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum among grade VIII students of SMP Tunas Utama. One of the main results of this study is the active involvement of students and the application of technology in the PAI learning process. Planning, implementation, observation, and reflection are two main elements of the applied methodology, known as classroom action learning (CAR). The tools used include observation sheets, comprehension tests, and questionnaires for student responses. The results of the study showed that the application of the Socrative method was able to improve interaction between students, learning motivation, and understanding of religious concepts. This increase can be seen from the increase in average scores and learning completeness from the first period to the second period. In this way, the combination of the flipped learning method with interactive technology such as Socrative has succeeded in improving the quality of learning in the PAI subject.

This study aims to analyze how adaptive curriculum encourages learning flexibility and its contribution to improving the quality of education in the era of disruption. The research approach used is qualitative with a case study type. This research was conducted at MI Al Khoiriyyah, Muara Bungo, Indonesia. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, while the validity of the data was checked by triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of the study indicate that adaptive curriculum provides flexible space for teachers to adjust learning methods and materials according to student characteristics, supported by the visionary managerial leadership of the principal and the use of digital technology. These findings show that the success of adaptive curriculum is greatly influenced by the synergy between educational actors and supporting facilities that are responsive to change. The contribution of this study lies in a comprehensive understanding of the practice of implementing adaptive curriculum and strategic recommendations for the development of future education policies.

Religious character is one aspect of character values related to an individual's relationship with God. Religious character is considered a key point that needs to be instilled and developed from an early age in children. This serves as the foundation of religious teachings in the lives of individuals and society as a whole. The aim of this research is to understand the formation of religious character among Islamic boarding school students through the programs of reading the Quran and performing the Dhuha prayer at PPTQ Al-Mustaqimiyyah. The research method used is qualitative, employing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Data sources were obtained through interviews with administrators, teachers, and students. The results indicate that the Quran reading and Dhuha prayer program has a positive impact on shaping the religious character of the students. This is reflected in the improvement of Quran reading skills, awareness in worship, discipline, responsibility, honesty, and the cultivation of good morals, attitudes, and behavior. With these activities, it is expected that students will be motivated and enthusiastic to enhance their memorization of the Quran, not only by reading and memorizing but also by understanding the meaning of the sacred verses and applying them in community life. The improvement in worship is expected to help them distinguish between noble moral values and reprehensible behavior, forming good habits that are difficult to replace in the future.

Preparing effective programs is an important aspect in ensuring the success of an organization. This process includes formulating a program editorial that is clear, systematic and easy to understand as well as determining the person in charge in accordance with the competencies and tasks given. This research discusses how to prepare an efficient program editorial, starting from identifying goals to developing appropriate strategies. Apart from that, selecting a person in charge who has the capability to run the program is also a key factor for success. With structured editorial and optimal distribution of responsibilities, the program can run more effectively, efficiently and according to the targets that have been set. The method used in this research is literature study using journals, books and research relevant to the title. The results of the research are to provide understanding or guidance in designing strategies and programs so that they can be implemented optimally in various fields. By studying this article, researchers hope that this research will be able to open the horizons of knowledge for its readers.

The role of school administration is very important in carrying out the basic functions of Islamic educational institutions. School administration as the center for managing teaching and learning activities also covers various fields ranging from resource management, financial management, to planning and implementing academic policies. This research aims to identify the role of school administration in improving the operational effectiveness and quality of Islamic education. The method used in this research is library research, which aims to collect, analyze and compile information from various literary sources in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the topic being researched. The data analysis technique used is descriptive-qualitative, with the aim of describing and interpreting information obtained from the literature. This research shows that the role of school administration is very important in improving the operational effectiveness and quality of Islamic education. Good administration includes technical management, creating an environment that supports the moral and spiritual development of students. With effective implementation, it is hoped that schools will be able to provide Islamic education that is not only of academic quality, but can also shape students' character in accordance with Islamic values. It is hoped that this research can become a reference for policy makers and Islamic education practitioners in formulating better management strategies, so as to improve the overall quality of Islamic education.

Religious gaslighting is a form of psychological manipulation that uses religious authority and teachings to question or doubt a person's perceptions, emotions, and experiences, so that the victim feels guilty or unfaithful. In the context of the Muslim community, this practice can occur when religious understanding is used narrowly and authoritarianly, suppressing freedom of thought, and perpetuating power imbalances—both in family relationships, communities, and religious institutions. This article examines the phenomenon of religious gaslighting from the perspective of critical Islamic education, with the aim of dismantling manipulative patterns wrapped in religious narratives. The approach used is qualitative-descriptive with literature analysis of classical and contemporary Islamic sources, as well as interdisciplinary studies in the fields of religious psychology and educational philosophy. The results of the study show that religious gaslighting is not only a matter of individual morals, but also part of an authoritarian social and cultural structure that needs to be countered through liberating (ta'dib) and transformative Islamic education. Islamic education based on the values ​​of justice (al-‘adl), compassion (rahmah), and deliberation can be a critical tool for building a healthy spiritual awareness and freeing people from the shackles of manipulative authority. Thus, education has a central role in forming a generation of Muslims who are able to distinguish between the authenticity of Islamic teachings and their misuse in the practice of power.    

The urgency to strengthen the pedagogical competence of Islamic Elementary Teacher Education (PGMI) teachers has increased in line with 21st-century learning demands, which emphasize critical thinking, collaboration, and meaningful learning. However, in practice, many PGMI teachers still face significant gaps in understanding and applying constructivist approaches effectively. This article aims to analyze these gaps and evaluate the potential for developing pedagogical competencies within the framework of constructivist theory. This study adopts a qualitative approach using library research methods, gathering secondary data from scholarly literature, educational policies, and previous relevant studies. Data analysis was conducted through content analysis, applying the Miles and Huberman model. The findings reveal a persistent reliance on conventional teaching methods, limited pedagogical literacy regarding constructivism, and insufficient integration of theory into teacher education curricula and training. The study concludes that systemic reforms are required in curriculum design, teacher training, and institutional partnerships to bridge these pedagogical gaps. This article contributes both conceptually and practically to the development of constructivist-based learning models in Islamic elementary education. Field-based follow-up research is recommended to empirically strengthen these findings.

This article discusses the Direct Instruction strategy, a teacher-centered learning approach that emphasizes systematic and structured delivery of material. The purpose of this study is to address the following research questions: (1) What is meant by direct instruction strategy? (2) What are the characteristics of the direct instruction strategy? (3) What are its strengths and weaknesses? and (4) How is the direct instruction strategy applied in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects? This article uses a library research method by examining various relevant theoretical sources. The findings indicate that direct instruction is an effective approach for delivering factual and procedural knowledge, particularly when learning objectives focus on mastering basic skills and understanding concepts in stages. This strategy is characterized by clear teacher guidance, structured learning steps, and continuous assessment. Its advantages include time efficiency and ease of classroom control, while its drawbacks involve limited student participation and less development of critical thinking skills. In the context of PAI learning, this strategy can be effectively applied to memorization materials, basic conceptual understanding, and character formation through concrete examples and teacher modeling.      

Looking at the culture that occurs in the environment where we live, most early education is handled by a mother, although there are some fathers who also pay great attention to children's education, but this is still relatively rare and most of the time it is the mother who educates them starting from being able to eat, walk, talk, bathe and etc. Due to the understanding in society that a mother only stays at home without needing to work, the job of earning a living is the father's duty, but in everyday life there are many households where the father's work cannot meet daily needs so the mother must help.In the end, many mothers have outside jobs, mothers are still required to educate their children and earn a living. For mothers, this is an obligation that they must carry out, apart from education in daily life, mothers must also think about psychological and spiritual development, Islamic religion, so that their children have a path that is blessed by Allah SWT.The method that career mothers usually use in educating their children is putting them in TPQ, Islamic boarding school, continuous habituation, parents providing examples. The results obtained from these various efforts are that children get used to praying 5 times a day from childhood, get used to reading the Al-Qur'an, are polite to their parents, behave well towards neighbors, older people or friends and so on.

It is about the importance of leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture at the MA Nurul Huda al. This leadership aims to develop the existing of religious culture in the madrasah environment.The objectives of this study are 1) Describing the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture 2) Describing the supporting and inhibiting factors of the headmaster's leadership in developing a religious culture 3) Describing the results of the development of religious culture through the leadership of the head of madrasah.This study is a field research, which is conducted directly with the object of research and the data collection is carried out in the field. With this descriptive qualitative research, the researcher tries to reveal the implementation of the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing a religious culture in MA Nurul Huda al-Banat Situbondo. The result of this study is the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture in madrasah is to carry out the leadership role of the headmaster, namely as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, and motivator. The supporting factors are the existence of facilities and infrastructure that support religious activities and the existence of teachers who have deep religious knowledge. The inhibiting factor is that the environment still considers madrasah to be less prestigious than public schools in general, a lack of understanding of the development of religious culture, the lack of role models given by teachers, the influence of technological culture, and the absence of training given by the head of madrasah to teachers in the implementation of religious culture.

This study aims to examine the implementation of an Islamic-based curriculum at SMP IT Insan Mandiri in Sukabumi City. The Islamic-based curriculum is expected to integrate religious values into the learning process to shape students' character, excelling in both religious and academic aspects. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method involving observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings show that the Islamic-based curriculum at SMP IT Insan Mandiri has been implemented effectively, although there are some challenges, such as limited resources and teacher training. Overall, the implementation of this curriculum has successfully contributed to shaping students' character by enhancing their understanding of Islamic values and applying them in daily life. This study is expected to contribute to the development of religious-based education in Islamic schools.Keywords: Implementation of Islamic-based curriculum, SMP IT Insan Mandiri, faith-based education, student character, implementation challenges, educational development.)

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays an important role in the formation of students' character and understanding of religious teachings. However, in practice, not a few students face difficulties in understanding PAI material, both in terms of cognitiveness and affective. These difficulties can be caused by a variety of factors, such as differences in academic ability, lack of motivation, or socio-cultural problems. Therefore, the right strategy from PAI teachers in overcoming learning difficulties is very necessary. This article aims to identify various strategies that PAI teachers can apply to help students overcome learning difficulties. Based on a literature review, there are several approaches that have proven to be effective, including the use of varied learning methods, the use of educational technology, the provision of intensive guidance, and the strengthening of student motivation and character. In addition, the importance of constructive evaluation and feedback in the learning process is also one of the keys in improving the effectiveness of PAI learning. By implementing these strategies, it is hoped that the learning difficulties faced by students can be overcome, and the quality of PAI learning can be improved.

This paper discusses the challenges and ethical solutions in the practice of da'wah through digital media. In the rapidly developing digital era, platforms such as social media, blogs, and video sites provide unprecedented opportunities for Islamic da'wah to reach a global audience. However, the ease of dissemination of information also poses significant challenges, such as the spread of inaccurate information, negative or provocative content, and violations of regulations. This paper discusses these challenges and suggests solutions, including education and training for da'wah (preachers), the use of trusted platforms, collaboration with communication experts, and the development of digital da'wah ethics guidelines. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to understand and describe the phenomenon of da'wah ethics in digital media in depth. Literature study is used as a data collection technique to explore the principles of da'wah ethics, the challenges faced by da'is in digital media, and the solutions proposed by communication and religious experts. This methodology allows researchers to gain a rich and holistic understanding of the challenges of digital da'wah ethics and their relevance in the context of modern communication. This study analyzes the impact of digital media on da'wah practices, with an emphasis on ethical considerations in content creation and interaction. It is concluded that da'wah in the digital era requires a careful and ethical approach to maintain the integrity and credibility of Islamic teachings while understanding the complexity of digital communication.

This article discusses the application of deductive and inductive methods in management, which are relevant in facing modern business challenges. Deductive methods, which move from general principles to specific cases, are used to confirm decisions based on established theories, whereas inductive methods, which move from specific observations to generalizations, allow the formation of new theories based on empirical data. These two methods have complementary advantages and disadvantages; deductive excels in efficiency and systematic logic, but is limited to initial premises, while inductive offers flexibility in understanding complex situations, although it risks producing less valid generalizations. The integration of deductive and inductive methods can provide a holistic approach, helping organizations make decisions that are evidence-based, adaptive, and relevant to specific contexts

This article discusses the meaning of philosophy of science in everyday life and its relevance for individuals and society. Using qualitative research methods with a literature review approach, this research examines various sources that explain how the philosophy of science can be applied in real life contexts. Research shows that philosophy of science is not only an academic discipline, but also serves as a guide in decision making, ethical development, and self-understanding. Through the application of philosophical principles, individuals can make better moral choices, improve critical thinking skills, and build healthier interpersonal relationships. Additionally, this article highlights the importance of awareness of environmental desirability as part of the moral responsibility resulting from philosophical thought. Thus, the philosophy of science plays an important role in shaping human perspectives and actions in the complex modern era.

This article aims to examine the implementation of morals-based non-test assessment in PAI learning in grade 11 of SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, focusing on its influence on students' character development. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has an important role in instilling moral values. In this context, morals-based non-test assessment is an effective approach to assessing students' character development, as it focuses on observing their behavior and attitudes. At SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, the implementation of this method is expected to help students not only understand religious teachings in theory, but also apply them in daily life. This research is a type of field research that is descriptive qualitative in nature. The main focus of this research is to understand the concept of evaluation in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, which includes both test-based and non-test evaluation methods at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta. In this study, a phenomenological approach is used to explore the experiences and understanding of individuals or groups regarding the phenomenon under investigation. Moral-based non-test assessment in PAI learning aims to evaluate students' moral values in everyday life. In contrast to test assessments that measure cognitive abilities. The implementation of morals-based non-test assessment faces obstacles such as difficulties in measuring morals objectively and limited time for observation.Morals-based non-test assessment in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SMK Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta has an important role in shaping student character, in addition to mastery of academic material.

The author focuses on analyzing the Jigsaw learning method in class VII SKI subjects at MTsN 6 Nganjuk. This writing aims to analyze the implementation of learning using the Jigsaw method, how this method can have an effect on student interaction, student activity in learning, and the difference in receiving material in SKI subjects. This writing uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Information obtained from observations, then interviews, and analysis of learning outcomes. The results obtained from the Jigsaw method analysis had a very drastic effect on increasing student activity. They are more enthusiastic, active, and able to work together in groups. Then this method increases students' activeness and self-confidence when appearing in front of the class. Although there are advantages, this research identifies a problem, namely the limited time which can reduce the overall application of the method. Some students like learning in groups to interact and exchange knowledge with other friends. However, some students experience challenges in understanding the material and they do not feel comfortable when explaining the material in front of the class. The conclusion is that the Jigsaw learning method provides positive things to increase active student interaction, involvement and increase self-confidence in SKI learning. The implication of this research is the need for plans that are ready and supported by teachers that can help to successfully analyze the Jigsaw method in the context of SKI learning at MTs level.  

His research discusses the influence of wives in earning a living on family welfare, where this research was made based on observations regarding wives who work to earn a living, who are the backbone of the family in order to meet all the needs of their respective households. The majority of the labor force for women always increases every year. Because of the big role that women play as housewives, most of them play a big role in the welfare of their families, from paying for housing, education and even food. The role of the husband as head of the household and the wife as a housewife must go hand in hand. The husband as head of the family is responsible for earning a living for the welfare of the family. On the other hand, as a housewife, the wife must have creativity in managing the family economy. And what needs to be understood is that in the household each husband and wife have their own roles. So that general conclusions can be drawn, namely: a. The husband is obliged to provide his wife with shelter and other support. b.  The wife must follow her husband and live at her husband's place.  The amount of maintenance obligations depends on the husband's discretion.  So providing maintenance is based on the husband's ability, not the wife's request. Families are formed through the marriage process. Marriage is a pattern of behavior created by God for regeneration in the development of human life in a world that is always dynamic in accordance with the times. With marriage, a life together in the household is formed. The journey of a household is like an ark that sails across the vast ocean and goes through a long journey where winds and storms will definitely come which will become obstacles on the journey.Recently, the reality is that many households find it difficult to realize the goal of marriage. Many households are unhappy due to various problems such as disharmony, economics, infidelity and so on. It is often found in household life that husband and wife complain and complain to other people or to their family, as a result of not fulfilling the rights that must be obtained or not carrying out obligations from one of the parties. Lack of understanding and even ignorance of husband and wife regarding the rights and obligations in the household is often be the cause of disharmony and rifts in the household. In order to achieve a good household, individuals in the household should know each other, understand and carry out their respective rights and obligations.

This study aims to analyze the use of YouTube in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) learning in schools. The results indicate that the use of YouTube enhances students' interest, facilitates the understanding of abstract material, and develops critical thinking and digital skills. Videos presented through YouTube help students understand IRE content in a more engaging and practical way, particularly in matters of theology, worship practices, and Islamic history. Despite the many benefits, the use of YouTube also faces challenges such as the selection of appropriate content, limitations in technological infrastructure, risk of distractions, and more complex time management. Therefore, strict supervision, careful content selection, and effective classroom management by teachers are necessary to optimize the use of YouTube in IRE learning. This study recommends the proper integration of YouTube into the learning process, supported by improved infrastructure and teacher training.