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This study explores the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model combined with the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach through the utilization of various forms of digital content to optimally enhance students’ learning outcomes. The research employs a descriptive qualitative design aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the learning process being implemented. The primary data were obtained from an analysis of the Grade VIII Indonesian language teaching module, while supporting data were collected through interviews with students of the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program involved in the learning process. The findings indicate that the design and implementation of learning activities followed the stages of PBL systematically, thereby encouraging collaboration, active discussion, and problem-solving activities in the classroom. CRT principles were clearly reflected in the selection of learning materials related to students’ cultural backgrounds, such as speech texts representing Banjar and Javanese cultures. The integration of digital media, including Google Sites, instructional videos, and interactive quizzes, was proven to increase students’ engagement, motivation, and participation during the learning process. Overall, the synergy between PBL, CRT, and digital content created a more relevant, inclusive, and contextual learning environment and had a positive impact on improving students’ learning outcomes.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of seventh grade students on the material of Linear Equation One Variable (PLSV) and Linear Inequality One Variable (PtSLV) through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles at Bustanul Ulum Pakusari Islamic Junior High School. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The results showed that in cycle I the average score of students was 69.3 with a completeness rate of 69%, while in cycle II there was an increase in the average score to 74.3 with a completeness rate of 74%. In addition, the activeness of students in the learning process increased from 76% in cycle I to 100% in cycle II. The application of the PBL model is able to increase the active involvement and learning motivation of female students, and has a positive impact on improving learning outcomes. Thus, the application of the PBL model is effective in improving the quality of mathematics learning, especially in PLSV and PtSLV material.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on the learning outcomes of intellectually disabled 11th-grade students at SLB Negeri Sukapura, Kiaracondong District, Bandung City, in science subjects. The study involved two students with IQ ranges between 40-67. A collaborative approach was used, involving researchers and teachers to observe students' activities during problem-based learning sessions. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and learning outcome tests. The results indicated that implementing PBL positively influenced students' engagement and understanding, particularly among students with higher IQs. However, challenges persisted for students with lower IQs, requiring adjusted teaching methods for greater effectiveness. The application of PBL demonstrated an average improvement in learning outcomes, although some students did not meet the minimum mastery criteria. This study suggests further enhancements in the implementation of PBL to optimize learning experiences for intellectually disabled students.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students in class IV-A in IPAS subjects, especially on the material of friction and muscle force, by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles, each of which consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 28 students of class IV-A. The instruments used include learning outcome tests to measure students' understanding of the material taught. The results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes. At the pre-cycle stage, only 39% of students achieved mastery, while 61% of students were not yet complete. After the implementation of PBL, in cycle 1 student completeness increased to 71%, and in cycle 2 all students reached completeness with a percentage of 100%. PBL proved to be effective in improving students' understanding of the concepts of friction and muscle force through problem solving that is relevant to everyday life. Thus, the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in IPAS subjects, especially in understanding abstract concepts such as force. This method is also effective in developing students' critical and collaborative thinking skills.  

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of first-grade students in the subject of mathematics, specifically in the topic of grouping and presenting data in the form of lists and tables. The aim of this study is to investigate the improvement of first-grade students' learning outcomes in mathematics through the implementation of the problem-based learning model using a culturally responsive teaching approach. This research is classified as a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study are 27 first-grade students from SDN Putat Jaya IV-380 Surabaya. Data for this research were collected through observations and tests, and were analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods. The results indicate that implementing problem-based learning through a culturally responsive teaching approach can enhance students' learning outcomes in mathematics, specifically in the topic of grouping and presenting data in the form of lists and tables. The average pre-cycle learning outcome was 69.55, which increased to 78.51 after the first cycle of PBL implementation, and further improved to 90.88 in the second cycle. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning model through culturally responsive teaching is effective in enhancing the learning outcomes of first-grade students in mathematics at SDN Putat Jaya IV-380 Surabaya..  

This article aims to describe the implementation of flipbook media in teaching short story writing in class XI SMA Negeri 16 Semarang. The problem in this study is that there is no use of instructional media to construct short story texts in class XI students. Therefore, researchers try to apply flipbook media, especially in learning to compose short story texts. The article that the researcher wrote is a conceptual article. Conceptual article contains ideas In this article data is obtained by direct observation in class. While writing this article is done by identifying and seeking information from relevant data, analyzing the results, then developing and conveying ideas based on the researcher's understanding. Learning outcomes are expected to be more optimal with the use of learning media that is not boring for students. The solution that can be used with these problems is the use of flipbook media. The use of flipbook learning media is expected to be able to overcome the difficulties experienced by students in learning to write short story texts and students are not easily bored in participating in learning.  

Students' mathematics learning outcomes are relatively low in Mathematics subjects. The aim of this research is to improve student learning outcomes with the Problem Based Learning learning model. PBL is carried out by applying the principles of Understanding by Design (UbD). Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was carried out in class VII C of SMP 8 Denpasar with 41 students as subjects. This research uses test and non-test instruments in the form of student learning outcomes tests and interviews. The results of the research carried out were that in Cycle I the percentage of students who completed was 48.78%, then in Cycle II the percentage of completion was 78.05%, because the students' grades had met the specified classical completeness so the research was stopped in Cycle II. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there has been an increase in student learning outcomes in Mathematics learning by implementing PBL with the principle of UBD.

This research aims to determine the difference in student learning outcomes regarding linear equations and inequality taught using the PBL model compared to student learning outcomes taught using the Direct Instruction model. This research is quasi-experimental. The samples in the research were class X-IPA as an experimental class with a total of 17 students. The instrument used in this research consisted of a learning outcomes test in the form of a written test in the form of an essay with material on linear equations and inequalities. The data collection technique is through observation and tests in the form of evaluation questions. The test is carried out twice. Namely, the pretest is carried out at the beginning of the research to determine students' achievement scores before treatment, and the posttest is carried out in both control and experimental groups after treatment. Based on hypothesis testing using independent test statistics (T-test), tcount = 3.596 and ttable = 1.694 at a significance level of ⍺ = 0.05. The research results show that the tcount value is more significant than ttable because (3.596 > 1.694) with a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.014 < 0.05 so it can be said that there is a significant difference in the learning outcomes of the experimental group using the PBL model and the control group using the Direct Instruction learning model which means that there is an influence of the application of the PBL learning model on the learning outcomes of class X students at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano.

Understanding and determining fold symmetry is a competency that is difficult for students to achieve, either because the learning does not attract student enthusiasm or the students themselves do not have the motivation to learn about fold symmetry. In connection with this, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing student learning outcomes on folded symmetry material using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This research is a type of research that uses quantitative descriptive methods with an approach in the form of a classroom action approach. The source of this research comes from SD Negri 079 Pajagalan and the subjects in this research are class III students at SD Negri 079 Pajagalan. The technique for collecting data on student learning outcomes is carried out through tests in the form of test questions from evaluations and student worksheets. Then the data obtained was analyzed descriptively. Research that has been conducted shows that the difficulties experienced by students actually come from the questions given not being in accordance with the students' cognitive abilities.

This discussion is to determine the results of the flipbook-based E-Module on the ability to solve mathematical problems in root form material in class This discussion applies the ADDIE development design form, which has 5 main stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. The subjects of this discussion are 23 students in class X at SMK Mandiri Pontianak. In this discussion, the instruments used are validation sheets, questionnaires and pretest posttest questions. The first research result is the validation of the E-Module, which means the average score for the 3 experts is 87.66% according to very valid criteria. The second is the practicality value, based on views through questionnaire scores filled in by teachers & students which are accumulated to reach a percentage of 83% according to very practical criteria. Then the effectiveness is checked through the results of inferential statistical tests using the student's pretest and posttest according to the results of the t-test, namely tcount < - ttable significant α=5% (a=0.05). Significant differences were found in student learning outcomes and mathematical problem solving abilities, so that the E-Module was categorized as effective. Therefore, it can be concluded that the flipbook-based E-Module for mathematical problem solving abilities in root form material in class.

The first step in the problem-based learning model is to expose pupils to actual or simulated challenges. When presented with this topic, students will understand that in order to solve it, they will need to apply critical thinking techniques, take a methodical approach, and integrate data from several scientific disciplines. Through student observations in the school environment, particularly the school garden, this experimental study seeks to ascertain the impact of the problem-based learning model (PBM) on student learning outcomes in ecosystem content in class X SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. A pretest-posttest control group design was employed in the study procedure. Sixty people were randomly selected from each of the two courses; the experimental class was treated using a problem-based learning model, while the control class was treated using a traditional learning model. Tests with objectives are employed as tools. Testing the normalcy and homogeneity tests—two criteria for data analysis—comes first and is followed by hypothesis testing. The study's findings revealed that the experimental class's average learning outcome was 98.16, while the control class's average learning outcome was 81.63. As a result, student learning outcomes can be enhanced by the problem-based learning model (PBM).  

The main problem in this study is the low ability of students in starting arithmetic in addition and subtraction material.The purpose of this study was to improve student learning outcomes by using the singing method with number card media in addition and subtraction material in class I SD Negeri Ujung Tanah 2 Makassar City. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which includes planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. The location of this research was carried out at SD Negeri Ujung Tanah 2, Makassar City. The subjects in this study were class I students with a total of 23 students in the 2023/2024 academic year. The factors investigated are process factors and learning outcomes factors. The data that has been obtained from the results of the study were analyzed statistically descriptively used to describe student learning outcomes in addition and subtraction material using the singing method with number cards media.The results achieved in this study are: (1) There is an increase in student learning activities in each cycle. (2) In the first cycle, the average value of student learning outcomes was obtained, namely 60.1, while in the second cycle it was higher, reaching 93.4. In cycle I, there were 10 students or 43% who achieved learning completeness, while in cycle II there were 23 students or 100% who achieved learning completeness, this is because students have been able to solve addition and subtraction questions correctly by using the method singing and media cards. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of initial numeracy skills through the singing method with number cards as media in addition and subtraction material in class I SD Negeri Ujung Tanah 2 Makassar City have increased.