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This study aims to analyze environmentally based science learning as an effort to enhance ecological awareness among elementary/Islamic elementary school (SD/MI) students through a literature review approach. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining reputable scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026. Data were collected through documentation, with literature selected using purposive sampling based on topic relevance, while data analysis utilized content analysis techniques to identify patterns, characteristics, and key findings across studies. The results indicate that environmentally based science learning is characterized by the integration of scientific concepts with real environmental contexts, the use of contextual approaches, and the application of active learning models such as problem-based learning, project-based learning, and inquiry learning. This approach has been proven to play a significant role in enhancing students’ ecological awareness, including knowledge, attitudes, and environmentally responsible behaviors. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, such as limited facilities, teacher competencies, and suboptimal integration into the curriculum. Additionally, research gaps remain, particularly regarding the lack of studies examining long-term impacts on students’ ecological behavior. Therefore, more innovative learning strategies and more comprehensive future research are needed.

Classroom Action Research (CAR) is a widely used approach to improve teaching practices through iterative cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Despite its popularity, many studies report methodological weaknesses, particularly in ensuring coherence between research problem formulation, objectives, and success indicators. This study aims to examine the alignment among these three key components in CAR studies using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected from peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online, ERIC, and Google Scholar, published between 2015 and 2025. The study selection followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, including identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and final inclusion of relevant studies. A qualitative thematic synthesis was applied to analyze patterns in the relationship between problem formulation, research objectives, and success indicators. The findings show that CAR problem formulations are generally contextual and based on classroom issues, while research objectives function as operational translations of these problems. Success indicators are used as measurable criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. However, inconsistencies are still found in several studies, such as misalignment between objectives and problems or poorly defined success indicators. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of conceptual coherence to improve the quality and credibility of CAR research designs.

Problem-solving ability is an essential skill that students need to meet the demands of both academic learning and the workforce in the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and interpersonal communication on the problem-solving ability of eleventh-grade students at SMKN 31 Jakarta, both partially and simultaneously. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through a Likert scale questionnaire. Samples were drawn using a probability sampling technique with a proportional random sampling approach. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS 4.0). The results indicate that self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on problem-solving, with a path coefficient of 0.455, a t-statistic of 7.843, and a p-value of 0.000. Similarly, interpersonal communication has a positive and significant effect on problem-solving, with a path coefficient of 0.447, a t-statistic of 7.501, and a p-value of 0.000. Taken together, self-efficacy and interpersonal communication account for the variance in problem-solving with an R-square value of 0.416, indicating that both independent variables explain 41.6% of the variation in problem-solving ability. These findings suggest that self-efficacy and interpersonal communication play a significant role in enhancing students' problem-solving ability.

In today's digital age, students prefer to switch from conventional learning resources to online media platforms. This convenience presents many problems related to students' lack of information literacy and critical thinking skills. This study aims to describe the behavior and preferences of 10th grade students at SMA Negeri 3 Magelang in using digital media as an academic reference source. The research method used in this study was descriptive quantitative using a Likert scale questionnaire distributed to 35 10th grade students as respondents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques to identify trends in student behavior. The findings of this study indicate that most students are very active in exploring the internet, using search engines such as Google and watching educational videos on YouTube to find references/references for school assignments. Many students began to show critical awareness by cross-checking the accuracy of information and comparing several digital sources before using them. However, there were still variations in the ability to distinguish credible information and persistence in consistently citing sources in the bibliography.Overall, students feel that digital media greatly supports them in understanding lesson material more quickly, but they still need additional guidance to improve their digital literacy so that the use of technology can continue to support responsible academic achievement.

Speaking is a critical skill in language learning and is essential for effective communication and social interaction. However, students often struggle with speaking due to various factors such as lack of confidence, motivation, and exposure to the language. Mingle games, which involve active interaction and problem solving in a fun context, were introduced as a teaching method to address these challenges. This study investigates the impact of implementing mingle games to enhance the speaking skills of elementary school students in Loei Province, Thailand. A quantitative research approach was employed, with pre tests and post tests administered to a sample of 22 students from Ban Nonkokkha School. The findings indicate that the use of mingle games have positive impact for students' speaking skills, as evidenced by higher post test scores. This study concludes that Mingle Game has a significant impact in developing students' speaking skills. The suggestion from the researcher is to develop and explore more learning media so that students are motivated to speak English more.

This study aims to apply the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model based on the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach to improve junior high school students' argumentative literacy in speech text material. The study was conducted on grade VIII-E students of SMP Negeri 7 Banjarmasin with a descriptive qualitative approach through documentation and observation of teaching modules, teacher reports, and learning evaluation results. The results of the study indicate that the application of PBL syntax - starting from problem orientation through contextual speech texts, group work with LKPD, presentation of discussion results, to evaluation using applications such as Kahoot is able to improve students' abilities in analyzing text structures, compiling arguments, and expressing opinions logically and critically. The CRT approach strengthens the relevance of the material to the students' cultural background, thus encouraging active involvement and deeper understanding. The application of PBL and CRT has proven effective in forming critical thinking skills and improving the quality of Indonesian language learning that is more contextual and meaningful.

Critical thinking skills are considered a fundamental skill essential for facing the challenges and complex issues of the 21st century. One teaching strategy considered effective in fostering these skills is the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. This study aims to describe the application of PBL in the teaching and learning process and its impact on strengthening students' critical thinking skills. The approach used in this research is classroom action research (CAR) with descriptive qualitative methods. The study results revealed that the use of PBL can improve students' critical thinking skills, particularly in the aspects of interpretation, analysis, and assessment. In addition, the implementation of PBL also has a positive impact on increasing student activeness, collaboration skills, and independence in the learning process. Obstacles encountered during the learning process can be minimized through the application of appropriate strategies, such as providing scaffolding and optimizing the use of digital-based learning resources. These findings make an important contribution to the development of more effective teaching methods in improving the quality of students' critical thinking in schools, as well as offering practical solutions for teachers to increase student engagement in problem-based learning.

This study explores the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model combined with the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach through the utilization of various forms of digital content to optimally enhance students’ learning outcomes. The research employs a descriptive qualitative design aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the learning process being implemented. The primary data were obtained from an analysis of the Grade VIII Indonesian language teaching module, while supporting data were collected through interviews with students of the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program involved in the learning process. The findings indicate that the design and implementation of learning activities followed the stages of PBL systematically, thereby encouraging collaboration, active discussion, and problem-solving activities in the classroom. CRT principles were clearly reflected in the selection of learning materials related to students’ cultural backgrounds, such as speech texts representing Banjar and Javanese cultures. The integration of digital media, including Google Sites, instructional videos, and interactive quizzes, was proven to increase students’ engagement, motivation, and participation during the learning process. Overall, the synergy between PBL, CRT, and digital content created a more relevant, inclusive, and contextual learning environment and had a positive impact on improving students’ learning outcomes.

This study aims to examine in depth the impact of using ChatGPT as a supporting learning medium on the conceptual understanding of mathematics among eleventh-grade students at MA Aisyiyah Sungguminasa. The background of this research arises from the low level of students’ comprehension of mathematical concepts, as reflected in frequent mistakes in solving problems, difficulties in connecting one concept to another, and a lack of confidence in problem-solving. This condition indicates the need for innovative learning approaches that can provide more interactive, detailed, and easily understood explanations for students. The research method employed was descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The research subjects consisted of eleventh-grade students who utilized ChatGPT in learning mathematics, particularly on the topics of functions and quadratic equations. Data collection techniques included direct classroom observation, in-depth interviews with students and teachers, and analysis of students’ work produced with the assistance of ChatGPT. The findings revealed that the use of ChatGPT had a positive impact on improving students’ understanding of mathematical concepts. Students became more capable of grasping fundamental ideas, following systematic steps in problem-solving, and applying mathematical concepts in different contexts. Moreover, ChatGPT fostered independent learning, increased curiosity, and encouraged the development of students’ critical thinking skills. Nevertheless, challenges were also identified, such as students’ potential dependency on the application and the risk of misinterpretation without proper guidance. Therefore, the integration of ChatGPT into learning should be carried out under the supervision of teachers to ensure that learning outcomes are more effective, optimal, and sustainable.

This research is motivated by the problems faced by students in understanding fictional texts. Many students struggle to connect literary content with their personal experiences or real-life contexts, resulting in low reading interest, poor comprehension, and limited participation in literature learning. To address this issue, this study aims to develop an electronic module on fictional works based on Bogor’s local wisdom, to be integrated into Indonesian language learning at the secondary school level. The module is designed using local folk stories from the Bogor region—such as legends, myths, and traditional tales—which are rich in cultural and moral values. This approach seeks to make literary material more relatable, contextual, and meaningful for students, thus enhancing their engagement and understanding. This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, and 5) Evaluation. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews with teachers and students, expert validation (media, content, and language), and questionnaires to assess students’ responses to the developed module. The results indicate that the module received a very high level of validation from experts: 94.4% from media experts, 96.6% from content experts, and the Sundanese translation was reviewed and verified by language experts. Student responses during both initial and main trials showed that the module was categorized as highly feasible and effective. These findings demonstrate that the electronic module meets technical, pedagogical, and cultural standards. In conclusion, this study contributes to the development of culturally responsive teaching materials and offers an innovative and engaging alternative for literature instruction. It also supports students in deepening their appreciation for local culture while improving their ability to understand and analyze fictional texts more effectively.

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of seventh grade students on the material of Linear Equation One Variable (PLSV) and Linear Inequality One Variable (PtSLV) through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles at Bustanul Ulum Pakusari Islamic Junior High School. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The results showed that in cycle I the average score of students was 69.3 with a completeness rate of 69%, while in cycle II there was an increase in the average score to 74.3 with a completeness rate of 74%. In addition, the activeness of students in the learning process increased from 76% in cycle I to 100% in cycle II. The application of the PBL model is able to increase the active involvement and learning motivation of female students, and has a positive impact on improving learning outcomes. Thus, the application of the PBL model is effective in improving the quality of mathematics learning, especially in PLSV and PtSLV material.

This study aims to systematically examine the use  of interactive physics e-modules based in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in improving students’ critical and creative thinking skills. The research method employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA protocol. Literature search was conducted through online databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda, OneSearch, and Publish or Perish using keywords: “interactive e-module”, “problem-based learning”, “students’ critical thinking”, “students’ creative thingking”, and “physics learning media”. After applying inclusion-exclusion criteria, 30  relevant articles were selected for analysis. The findings indicate that PBL-based e-modules are effective in enhancing higher-order thinking skills, particularly in analyzing problems, providing logical arguments, and generating innovative solutions. Moreover, interavtive e-modules contribute significantly to increasing student motivation and active participation during the learning process. Therefore, the use of PBL-based interactive physics e-modules can serve as a strategic alternative for educational innovation in the digital era, especially in fortering students’ critical and creative thinking abilities.

This study aims to examine the application of the Hungarian method in solving assignment problems based on linear programming, particularly in optimizing work time allocation. Through a literature review of 15 research articles, it was found that the Hungarian method consistently proves effective in improving work efficiency, reducing time waste, and optimally matching resources with appropriate tasks. These studies reported reductions in work time ranging from 3 to 663 minutes after applying the method, depending on the complexity and context of each case. Additionally, integrating the Hungarian method with software tools such as POM-QM and LINGO further accelerates the optimization process. The findings indicate that the Hungarian method is a practical, flexible, and relevant mathematical approach across various sectors, supporting operational decision-making in an objective and efficient manner.

Number sense is a person's perspective on a number and its calculations. A person with a good sense of numbers can use various methods and strategies to solve complex problems. This research is motivated by the lack of number sense, this is because the methods used in the learning process still use traditional mathematics teaching. This research is an ex post facto research where data is reviewed with a qualitative approach and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the level of number sense in elementary school students is able to understand the basic meaning of numbers and operations, use the right benchmarks, assess the fairness of the results, but have not been able to realize the relative and absolute magnitude of a number.

The problem of this study is the lack of students' critical thinking skills in mathematics learning. The purpose of this text is to describe critical thinking in mathematics. The methodology used in the research of this article is qualitative. One of the methods used is qualitative using data collection techniques in the form of diagnostic tests. From several sources obtained, the most relevant data related to this article are presented. The ability to think critically has been proven to have a very important role in learning the material rounding numbers. Students who have good critical thinking skills are not only able to apply rounding rules mechanically, but also understand basic concepts and can apply them in various problem contexts. This study recommends the importance of integrating learning strategies that can develop students' critical thinking skills in mathematics learning, especially through problem-based learning approaches and contextual learning.

This research aims to investigate the obstacles faced by students in understanding vector field material in the Vector Calculus course. The basis of this study is the low understanding of students regarding abstract concepts in vector calculus, particularly related to vector fields, the del operator, gradients, and directional derivatives. The method applied in this research is qualitative, utilizing questionnaires distributed to three students from the fourth semester. The research findings indicate that students encounter major challenges in visualizing vector fields in three-dimensional space, understanding the differentiation process related to gradients, and associating directional derivatives with gradients. Several factors contributing to these difficulties include a lack of variation in practice problems and a minimal understanding of basic mathematical concepts. The results of this study highlight the need for a learning approach that focuses more on strengthening concepts, the use of visual media, as well as its application in real contexts so that students can build a deeper understanding of vector field material. The results of this study are expected to provide input for the development of more effective and beneficial vector calculus teaching methods.

This article aims to explore the importance of contextual learning in improving elementary students' understanding of scientific concepts through a literature review method. The analysis of various sources reveals that the contextual approach enhances students’ learning motivation, active engagement, and conceptual understanding. Learning linked to everyday experiences allows students to construct deeper and more sustainable meanings. Moreover, real-world contexts help develop students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Literature studies indicate that integrating contextual approaches into science learning creates a more meaningful and enjoyable learning environment. Previous research also demonstrates improved student achievement in science when contextual learning is applied consistently and systematically. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers design instructional strategies based on local and relevant contexts. In conclusion, contextual learning significantly contributes to enhancing elementary students' understanding of science concepts and deserves to be a primary approach in the basic education curriculum.

This research addresses learning challenges in Grade IV-B at SD Negeri 101765 Bandar Setia, focusing on limited facilities and parental participation. The study employs a qualitative approach. Interviews with teachers revealed that a shortage of textbooks and physical resources (such as infocus projectors and a library) hindered student motivation. Low parental participation also negatively impacted learning. To overcome these issues, teachers utilized online resources, visual aids, differentiated instruction, personalized approaches, and collaborative learning, while also engaging parents. Learning evaluation encompassed academic results, attitudes, engagement, and teamwork. This research aims to optimize the primary education process.

This study aims: 1) To determine whether or not there is an influence of the Open Ended Approach on solving mathematical problems of class X APHP students of SMK Negeri 1 Sukaluyu Cianjur, 2) To determine the increase in mathematical problem solving abilities of class X APHP students of SMK Negeri 1 Sukaluyu Cianjur, 3) To determine the effect of the open ended learning approach on mathematical problem solving abilities. The research method used is quasi experimental. The sampling used is Purposive Sampling. The target population in this study were all students at SMK Negeri 1 Sukaluyu Cianjur who were registered in the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year consisting of 2 classes. The results of the study showed that the open ended learning approach can present more interesting mathematics learning and students become more active in participating. During the study, the researcher observed the learning process. When students are taught using the open ended learning approach, students become more interested in learning to solve mathematical problems.

This study aims to examine effective learning strategies in improving elementary school students' understanding of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) mathematics questions through a numeracy approach. The numeracy approach is an ability that not only involves numeracy skills, but also understanding and applying mathematical concepts in the context of everyday life so that students can think critically, analytically, and creatively. The method used in this study is a literature study that examines various scientific sources related to the application of numeracy and the development of HOTS in mathematics learning at the elementary school level. The results of the study indicate that learning strategies such as problem-based learning, Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI), collaborative learning, the use of interactive media, and integrated numeracy formative assessments are very effective in helping students master HOTS questions. In addition, the development of metacognitive abilities and adjusting strategies to student characteristics are also important factors for successful learning. The numeracy approach that links mathematical concepts to real contexts can increase students' learning motivation and active involvement so that understanding of HOTS questions can increase significantly. This study recommends that teachers integrate the numeracy approach in the planning and implementation of mathematics learning in order to produce meaningful learning that is oriented towards the development of students' high-order thinking skills.