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This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the experimental method in teaching Natural Science at the elementary school level. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest control group was applied. The sample consisted of an experimental group taught using the experimental method and a control group taught using conventional methods. Data were collected through tests, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using t-tests and N-Gain calculations. The results show that the experimental method is more effective in improving students’ activeness, conceptual understanding, and learning outcomes compared to conventional methods. Students actively participated in experiments, discussions, and observations, making learning more meaningful. However, variations in improvement were influenced by students’ initial ability, interest, and participation, as well as supporting factors such as teacher readiness and facility availability. In conclusion, the experimental method is effective for science learning in elementary schools when supported by proper planning and adequate resources.

Instilling the value of honesty in muamalah (social and economic interactions) is an essential component of Islamic character education, particularly in shaping students' moral foundation. This study critically examines the teaching materials used in the subject of Qur’an and Hadith for Grade IX students at MTs Hidayatul Falah, focusing on the theme “Honest Behavior in Muamalah.” The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method. Data were obtained through the examination of teaching documents, classroom observations, and interviews with educators. The findings reveal that the materials used address three key learning domains: cognitive (knowledge-based), affective (attitudinal), and psychomotor (behavioral). However, the content tends to overemphasize the cognitive domain, often presenting honesty and the importance of keeping promises merely as theoretical constructs without sufficient contextualization. While the materials are based on authentic Qur’anic verses and hadiths, they fall short in connecting those teachings to real-life scenarios that are relatable to students’ daily experiences, particularly in the context of modern adolescent challenges such as academic integrity, social media behavior, and financial transactions. Additionally, the dominant instructional method is still conventional, with limited use of interactive and student-centered strategies. As a result, students are less likely to internalize and practice these moral values meaningfully. The study underscores the need to develop more dynamic and contextualized teaching resources that incorporate active learning techniques, such as case studies, role-playing, and reflective discussions. These methods can enhance student engagement, critical thinking, and self-reflection, thereby fostering a deeper understanding and genuine application of honesty in everyday muamalah. Strengthening the relevance and delivery of religious character education is vital for preparing students to become ethically responsible individuals in both personal and social contexts.

This social project aims to instill character values and develop critical thinking skills among children at Insan Madani Orphanage, Blitar Regency. The program was designed as a form of community service by PGSD students of Nahdlatul Ulama University Blitar through an educational, interactive, and practical approach. Activities included seminars, discussions, educational games, poster-making, and hands-on projects such as planting vegetables. The method emphasized participatory learning to foster values such as responsibility, cooperation, and empathy, while simultaneously training logical, analytical, and reflective thinking skills. The results showed high enthusiasm and active participation from the children in each session. They were able to express ideas confidently and demonstrated improvement in understanding character concepts and critical thinking. The orphanage welcomed the program and expressed hope for future collaboration. For the students, this activity provided real-world experience in applying character education and nurturing social awareness. This program demonstrates that the synergy between character development and critical thinking training is essential to shaping a golden generation that is intellectually capable and morally grounded.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using map media in the discovery learning method to improve the understanding of fifth grade elementary school students on the material of natural features of Indonesia. This study is a qualitative study with a library research approach that relies on data sources from scientific and credible literature, such as accredited journals, academic books, and relevant previous research reports. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the application of discovery learning assisted by map media can increase student activity, interest, and involvement in learning. Students become more active in exploring information, discussing, and expressing opinions. In addition, the use of maps as a visual medium encourages an increase in students' cognitive understanding, as indicated by a significant increase in test scores after learning. Interaction between students through group discussions has also proven effective in forming shared understanding and improving social skills, such as cooperation, communication, and tolerance. The discovery learning method encourages meaningful learning because students are directly involved in the process of discovering concepts through learning experiences, not just receiving information from teachers. Changes in student behavior from passive to active show that this approach is in line with the principles of constructivism and supports character development and learning independence in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum. Thus, discovery learning assisted by map media is an effective, participatory, and contextual learning strategy in improving the quality of social studies learning in elementary schools.

Writing an educational research report is essential to disseminate research results and apply scientific findings in educational practice. A good report must be written systematically, structured, and in accordance with academic standards. This study uses literature study to review guidelines and examples of educational research reports. The results show that reports generally consist of a title, introduction, literature review, methods, results and discussion, and conclusions, appendices, and bibliography. Each section has a different but interrelated function to convey the research results completely. This study emphasizes the importance of attention to the writing structure so that the report is effective and meets academic standards. With the right understanding, research reports can make a significant contribution to the development of education.

The research model (Mix Method) is an approach that combines quantitative and qualitative methods in one study to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of a phenomenon. The purpose of this writing is to explain the nature of the mixed research model (mix method), the importance of the mixed research model (mix method) in research, the types of mixed research (mix method) in research, the steps of the mixed research model (mix method) in research and what are the advantages and disadvantages of the mixture (mix method) in research. In this writing, the author uses the library research method, the author collects data from reference sources from various literatures such as books, journal articles, research reports, and other literature sources in accordance with the topic of discussion. The results in this paper show that the mixed research model (mix method) provides flexibility in research design and increases the validity of the results.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teacher teaching skills on student learning outcomes in integrated social studies subjects at SMP Negeri 4 Batuda'a Pantai, Gorontalo Regency. The research approach used in this study is a Quantitative approach using Descriptive research method The results showed that there was a Positive (5.376 > 2.004) and Significant (0.000 < 0.005) Influence between Teacher Teaching Skills on Student Learning Outcomes in Integrated Social Studies Subjects at SMP Negeri 4 Batuda'a Pantai Gorontalo Regency. The coefficient of determination from the previously obtained regression model is 0.344, this value means that 34.4% of the variability in student learning outcomes can be explained by the teaching skills of teachers in integrated social studies subjects at SMP Negeri 4 Batuda'a Pantai. In other words, the better the teacher's skills in managing the learning process, such as explaining material, guiding discussions, providing reinforcement, and managing the class, the higher the possibility of students achieving optimal learning outcomes.

Learning motivation is one of the important factors that influence the success of the learning process. Lack of student learning motivation often becomes an obstacle in achieving optimal learning outcomes. This article aims to examine how an active learning approach can improve student learning motivation in a formal educational environment. An active learning approach directly involves students in the learning process, either through group discussions, case studies, experiments, or simulations, thus creating a more meaningful and enjoyable learning experience. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by collecting data from literature studies, classroom observations, and interviews with teachers and students at the junior high school level. The results of the study show that the implementation of active learning consistently can foster students' sense of responsibility for the learning process, increase self-confidence, and build a high sense of curiosity. In addition, the interaction between students and teachers becomes more dynamic, which ultimately contributes to increasing students' enthusiasm for learning. It can be concluded that active learning is not only able to increase students' intrinsic motivation but also create a more collaborative and interactive learning environment. Therefore, teachers are advised to integrate active learning strategies into the teaching process as an effort to build a productive and enjoyable learning culture. This approach is one of the effective solutions in facing the challenges of education in the modern era that demands active participation and full involvement from students.  

Case study research is one of the methodologies in qualitative research that seeks to investigate phenomena comprehensively in a real-world context. This paper provides a comprehensive discussion of case study research design, covering various aspects ranging from definitions and types to the steps involved in implementation. Various types of case studies are explained based on expert opinions, including intrinsic, instrumental, and collective case studies, along with classifications of explanatory, exploratory, descriptive, and others. Furthermore, the systematic phases involved in conducting case study research are detailed, including problem formulation, data collection and analysis, and reporting of results. Focus on the use of triangulation techniques and contextual approaches are essential to ensure the validity of findings. By gaining an in-depth understanding of this design, it is hoped that students and researchers will be able to design case studies appropriately and make significant scientific contributions.                                                                                                                                            

Education plays an important role in improving the quality of human resources, where teachers serve as the key to the success of the teaching and learning process. Prospective teachers need to possess adequate knowledge and skills to carry out teaching responsibilities effectively. The Teaching Practice Program (PLK) - Teaching Assistance is a course designed to help students of the education program at Universitas Negeri Padang develop teaching skills before entering the professional education field. However, based on preliminary observations at SMK Negeri 5 Padang, it was found that PLK-Teaching Assistance students still lacked certain teaching skills, such as mastery of subject matter, use of media and teaching methods, and classroom management. This study aims to determine students' perceptions of the teaching skills of PLK-Teaching Assistance students at SMK Negeri 5 Padang. The results are intended as feedback and improvement to enhance the teaching skills of these students. The research used a quantitative approach. The population consisted of Grade X and XI students of the Mechanical Engineering program, with a total sample of 126 students. The results showed that students' perception of the teaching skills of PLK-Teaching Assistance students in the Mechanical Engineering Education program at SMK Negeri 5 Padang was categorized as good, with a percentage of 67%. This included: 1) questioning skills (56%), 2) reinforcement skills (56%), 3) explanation skills (56%), 4) teaching variation skills (51%), 5) opening and closing learning skills (55%), 6) small group and individual teaching skills (56%)—all categorized as good; and 7) classroom management skills (41%), and 8) small group discussion guidance skills (42%)—both categorized as less satisfactory. Therefore, overall, students' perception of the teaching skills of Universitas Negeri Padang's PLK-Teaching Assistance students in the Mechanical Engineering Education program at SMK Negeri 5 Padang was considered good.

Mastery of science and technology is a must in facing the era of globalization. This requires various parties to be able to develop capabilities related to the development of capabilities in the field of technology. In the field of education, one of the educational breakthroughs in Indonesia that seeks to develop humans who can create a science and technology-based economy is STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) learning. This study aims to describe STEAM as an alternative to learning mathematics in SD in the 21st century. This study uses a literature review method. The library study method is a critical study of the discussion of a topic that has been written by researchers or scientists in various sources in the form of books, journals, ebooks, or other scientific articles. The results of this study indicate that it is very important to use learning methods and media in the world of education to support teaching and learning activities, especially at the SD level. STEAM is one of the methods that can be used in learning but it is undeniable that this method cannot be applied in all school circles. Schools that have been able to use this method are those that are well-coordinated. Therefore, we really hope that this STEAM method can be implemented in all school circles which also indicates that our education is developing to be better every day.

The advancement of information and communication technology has revolutionized educational paradigms, demanding the presence of innovative and contextual learning methods. One transformative approach that is increasingly being adopted in the context of elementary education is the Virtual Field Trip (VFT) a digital-based field trip simulation that allows students to explore various educational locations virtually. This article aims to thoroughly analyze the implementation of VFT in elementary-level learning using a qualitative approach based on grounded research and life-history methods. Through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and the analysis of digital and audiovisual documents, this study reveals three main findings:  (1) VFT can broaden students' horizons and sharpen their imagination by virtually bridging real learning experiences; (2) This approach enhances student engagement and enthusiasm through immersive visual and interactive presentations; and (3) Learning becomes more meaningful and contextual, as students can understand concepts directly and in an applied manner. The analysis shows that VFT is not only a pedagogical solution to physical and geographical limitations but also a strategic tool to promote critical thinking, global awareness, and cross-cultural understanding from an early age. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of VFT implementation is highly influenced by technological readiness, educators’ digital competence, as well as institutional and parental support. Therefore, a comprehensive and adaptive implementation strategy is needed to optimize the potential of VFT as an inclusive and sustainable future learning instrument in elementary schools.

This article discusses the urgency of crossword puzzle-based IPAS learning media that is effective in increasing student participation in the learning process in grade V elementary school. This method allows discussion in large and small groups, learners can participate in learning activities. Creating fun learning and making it easier for students to achieve learning goals both in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. . This article uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to explore various studies related to the use of crossword puzzle-based IPAS learning media. Currently, there are many learning models introduced by each teacher in school. The development of education in Indonesia still does not educate students' creativity because schools only measure students' cognitive levels so that the level of creativity of students in Indonesia is low. Learning media using crossword puzzles is proposed as a solution to increase student creativity, especially in elementary school students. So this research has the aim of analyzing the benefits of crossword puzzles as a means of increasing student creativity. This analysis was carried out by collecting various sources of scientific literature related to the research variables. The results of the literature review research show that learning media using crossword puzzles can increase the creativity of elementary school students.

This study aims to improve the literacy skills of fifth-grade students at SDN Citarik III through the implementation of thematic learning. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results of the study showed significant improvement in the students' literacy skills, reflected in the increased literacy test scores and active student involvement in group discussions. The thematic learning approach successfully enhanced students' reading, writing, and critical thinking skills. This improvement was more evident in the second cycle, where the majority of students showed significant progress in their literacy abilities.

This research aims to examine the physical education curriculum policy at the elementary school level, with a focus on the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at SD Inpres Kobelete. Using qualitative descriptive methods, data was collected through interviews with PJOK School Principals and Teachers. The research results show that the Merdeka Curriculum provides flexibility for educators to design learning that suits students' needs. Differentiated learning strategies are applied to meet the diversity of students' learning needs, interests and learning profiles. Efforts to increase students' active participation are carried out through various methods, including practical learning, group discussions, and giving appreciation. The main challenge faced is limited learning resources. This research highlights the importance of curriculum adaptation to create an inclusive and effective learning environment in the context of physical education in elementary schools.    

The aim to be achieved in this research is to find out the effectiveness of civic education learning through the Discovery Learning method for vocational school students. The method used is qualitative where the data collection mechanism used is through field observations and interviews with informants, namely teachers and students. The results of this research show that the Discovery Learning learning mechanism is able to create student independence in studying citizenship education. Students better understand learning concepts by having discussions with peers. Apart from that, the success obtained from this successful learning is that students' grades increase.

Researchers discuss the Implementation of Innovative Learning Models: Constructivist and Cooperative in Increasing Early Childhood Creativity. This research aims to explain how innovative learning models, namely constructivist and cooperative learning, can increase the creativity of early childhood. The method used in this research is qualitative research. This research was carried out by collecting references through books and research journal articles from various parties which have been published in information media and the latest news on internet websites. The reference materials used have been adapted to the discussion topic which is still the same as the discussion title of this article. And the results of this research are by playing constructive games and by forming groups. The impact of the innovative learning model, namely constructivist and cooperative learning, is that it is able to increase the creativity of early childhood. Apart from that, children can develop intellectually.

Al-Khawarizmi, a Muslim scholar in the 9th century, has had a significant impact on the development of modern science and technology, particularly in the fields of mathematics and computing. Through his works in algorithms, algebra, and geometry, Al-Khawarizmi revolutionized the solution of complex and difficult mathematical problems, helping to lay the foundation for the development of modern computer technology. This research employs a qualitative research method with a literature review design. A literature review involves the collection, analysis, and evaluation of previous sources related to the research topic, including published journals, books, reports, and other online sources. Findings and discussions indicate that Al-Khawarizmi plays an important role in the current development of computer technology. His discoveries, such as algorithms and the concept of zero, have become fundamental in computer science. This underscores that the contributions of Al-Khawarizmi have played a key role in the evolution of modern computer technology.    

A teacher's role is to help students improve the quality of their education. So teachers must be able to improve student achievement with the various abilities they have. In the learning process the problem faced by a teacher is classroom management. Classroom management is a teacher's skill to create and maintain optimal learning conditions so that they can restore them if disruptions occur in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, teachers must be able to manage the learning process in the classroom well by implementing learning strategies, especially in the subject of Islamic cultural history. The problem raised in this research is the teacher's strategy for overcoming SKI learning boredom at MA Al-Amien I Pragaan, which is described in two research focuses, namely: 1. What are the classroom management strategies as an effort to overcome SKI learning boredom at MA Al-Amien I Pragaan 2. What are the supporting and inhibiting factors that influence classroom management strategies as an effort to overcome SKI learning boredom at MA Al-Amien I Pragaan. This research was designed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. From this method, researchers then process and analyze to obtain data or information. The subjects of this research were taken from teachers and students. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. For data validity, researchers used source triangulation. The results of this research are: 1. Class management strategies as an effort to overcome SKI learning boredom, namely: a. Using various methods, namely: discussion method, lecture method, mind mapping method, clipping method. b. Changes in class formation 2. Supporting and inhibiting factors that influence class management strategies in SKI learning, namely: a. teacher competency, b. students' abilities, c. classroom facilities and atmosphere.

If you think of it, education is like a light that illuminates the darkness, so that with this light humans are able to see the situations around them. The type of research carried out by the author is field, namely research that is directly related to the object being studied. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. The research carried out by the author is field research that is directly related to the object under study. Descriptive research is research that guides researchers to explore and photograph social situations in a comprehensive, broad and in-depth manner. The research subjects included class II students at SD Negeri 1402 Hapung, Ulu Sosa District, Padang Lawas Regency, while the objects of research were factors inhibiting initial reading skills in class II students at SD Negeri 1402 Hapung. Based on the results of observations, interviews, documentation results, from the findings of the discussion, the researcher concluded that the factors inhibiting the initial reading skills of class II students at SD Negeri 1402 Hapung had four factors, namely the first factor was the teacher, the second factor was the students, the third factor was the family or parents and the fourth factor is the learning process.