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. Film as a mass communication medium not only functions as entertainment, but also as a means of representing power relations in society. Miracle in Cell No. 7 works by Hanung Bramantyo show various forms of official domination and legal inequality which are relevant to be studied through a hegemony perspective. This research aims to describe the forms of hegemony that appear in the film and interpret the social criticism conveyed through the narrative and visualization. The research uses qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, then the data is analyzed through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The research results show that this film contains four forms of hegemony: ideological hegemony through the instillation of disciplinary values; hegemony of power through apparatus domination and abuse of authority; cultural hegemony through the imposition of a single standard of behavior; and moral hegemony through the formation of ethical judgments that benefit those in power. These findings indicate that films not only present emotional stories, but also present criticism of legal injustice and structural domination. This research confirms that visual media plays an important role in forming public awareness regarding the practice of power in social life.

. Film as a mass communication medium not only functions as entertainment, but also as a means of representing power relations in society. Miracle in Cell No. 7 works by Hanung Bramantyo show various forms of official domination and legal inequality which are relevant to be studied through a hegemony perspective. This research aims to describe the forms of hegemony that appear in the film and interpret the social criticism conveyed through the narrative and visualization. The research uses qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, then the data is analyzed through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The research results show that this film contains four forms of hegemony: ideological hegemony through the instillation of disciplinary values; hegemony of power through apparatus domination and abuse of authority; cultural hegemony through the imposition of a single standard of behavior; and moral hegemony through the formation of ethical judgments that benefit those in power. These findings indicate that films not only present emotional stories, but also present criticism of legal injustice and structural domination. This research confirms that visual media plays an important role in forming public awareness regarding the practice of power in social life.

This study analyzes the short story Cinta Semata Wayang by Nuryana Asmaudi SA using a literary psychology approach grounded in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. The research applies a literature study with a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through close reading to identify structural elements and the psychological dynamics of the characters. The findings reveal marital conflict symbolized through wayang figures, particularly Rama and Sinta. Structurally, the story presents a progressive plot, symbolic and metaphorical language, and central themes of love and responsibility. The psychological analysis highlights the interaction of the id, ego, and superego within the main characters: Rama experiences tension between personal desires and moral norms, while Sinta demonstrates superego dominance through loyalty and emotional endurance. The short story emphasizes that true love is not solely based on emotion but also requires responsibility, commitment, and moral awareness as the foundation of a harmonious and sustainable relationship. This research contributes to literary psychology studies and deepens understanding of moral values in literature.

This study analyzes the short story Cinta Semata Wayang by Nuryana Asmaudi SA using a literary psychology approach grounded in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. The research applies a literature study with a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through close reading to identify structural elements and the psychological dynamics of the characters. The findings reveal marital conflict symbolized through wayang figures, particularly Rama and Sinta. Structurally, the story presents a progressive plot, symbolic and metaphorical language, and central themes of love and responsibility. The psychological analysis highlights the interaction of the id, ego, and superego within the main characters: Rama experiences tension between personal desires and moral norms, while Sinta demonstrates superego dominance through loyalty and emotional endurance. The short story emphasizes that true love is not solely based on emotion but also requires responsibility, commitment, and moral awareness as the foundation of a harmonious and sustainable relationship. This research contributes to literary psychology studies and deepens understanding of moral values in literature.

This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study analyzes the role of families and caregivers at Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar in implementing elderly care programs and examines the implications of these programs for the quality of life of older adults. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Two theoretical frameworks guided the analysis: Carrolyn Smith-Morris’ Social Support Theory, which highlights the importance of emotional, informational, and instrumental support for elderly well-being, and Robert J. Havighurst’s Activity Theory, which states that active involvement in social, physical, and spiritual activities enhances happiness and life satisfaction in old age. The findings show that families’ involvement remains limited due to time and distance constraints, yet their emotional presence still contributes positively to the psychological comfort of the elderly. Caregivers play a dominant role in meeting the physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of residents. The care program demonstrates positive implications, including improved health stability, increased social interaction, strengthened feelings of appreciation, and enhanced spiritual peace. Additionally, Balinese cultural values such as tatwam asi and menyama braya reinforce empathy, togetherness, and respectful relationships within the care system. The study concludes that synergy between families, caregivers, and local cultural values forms a crucial foundation for a meaningful and humane elderly care system.  

This study analyzes the role of families and caregivers at Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar in implementing elderly care programs and examines the implications of these programs for the quality of life of older adults. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Two theoretical frameworks guided the analysis: Carrolyn Smith-Morris’ Social Support Theory, which highlights the importance of emotional, informational, and instrumental support for elderly well-being, and Robert J. Havighurst’s Activity Theory, which states that active involvement in social, physical, and spiritual activities enhances happiness and life satisfaction in old age. The findings show that families’ involvement remains limited due to time and distance constraints, yet their emotional presence still contributes positively to the psychological comfort of the elderly. Caregivers play a dominant role in meeting the physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of residents. The care program demonstrates positive implications, including improved health stability, increased social interaction, strengthened feelings of appreciation, and enhanced spiritual peace. Additionally, Balinese cultural values such as tatwam asi and menyama braya reinforce empathy, togetherness, and respectful relationships within the care system. The study concludes that synergy between families, caregivers, and local cultural values forms a crucial foundation for a meaningful and humane elderly care system.  

This study aims to examine the figurative meanings in the poem "Guru" by Muhammad Asqalani eNeSTe through a semantic approach. The poem portrays the struggle and dedication of a teacher who devotes themselves to serving in a remote area with deep love and sacrifice. This research adopts a qualitative method with content analysis techniques by conducting a document study of the poem's text. The analysis reveals that the poem is rich in figurative language, including metaphor, personification, hyperbole, metonymy, synecdoche, and simile. Each of these figures of speech is employed to depict the social, emotional, and spiritual conditions of the teacher and the environment in which they serve. The use of figurative meaning in the poem not only beautifies the language but also strengthens the moral messages, educational values, and appreciation of the teaching profession. By understanding these figurative meanings, readers can grasp deeper humanistic and simplicity values embedded in the realm of education.

This study aims to examine the figurative meanings in the poem "Guru" by Muhammad Asqalani eNeSTe through a semantic approach. The poem portrays the struggle and dedication of a teacher who devotes themselves to serving in a remote area with deep love and sacrifice. This research adopts a qualitative method with content analysis techniques by conducting a document study of the poem's text. The analysis reveals that the poem is rich in figurative language, including metaphor, personification, hyperbole, metonymy, synecdoche, and simile. Each of these figures of speech is employed to depict the social, emotional, and spiritual conditions of the teacher and the environment in which they serve. The use of figurative meaning in the poem not only beautifies the language but also strengthens the moral messages, educational values, and appreciation of the teaching profession. By understanding these figurative meanings, readers can grasp deeper humanistic and simplicity values embedded in the realm of education.

This study analyzes the theme of marriage delay in the novel Induk Gajah by Ira Gita Sembiring which reflects the conflict between tradition and modernity in Indonesian society. The novel depicts social pressures, individual choices, and changes in cultural values faced by unmarried women at a certain age. The main focus of this study is to identify factors that influence the decision to postpone marriage, such as family pressures, career priorities, emotional trauma, and incompatibility with potential partners. The results of the study show that the delay in marriage, as depicted in this novel, is not a failure but a form of awareness of individual needs and rights. This novel provides a critique of societal norms that often limit women, and emphasizes the importance of freedom to choose the path of life without judgment.

This study analyzes the theme of marriage delay in the novel Induk Gajah by Ira Gita Sembiring which reflects the conflict between tradition and modernity in Indonesian society. The novel depicts social pressures, individual choices, and changes in cultural values faced by unmarried women at a certain age. The main focus of this study is to identify factors that influence the decision to postpone marriage, such as family pressures, career priorities, emotional trauma, and incompatibility with potential partners. The results of the study show that the delay in marriage, as depicted in this novel, is not a failure but a form of awareness of individual needs and rights. This novel provides a critique of societal norms that often limit women, and emphasizes the importance of freedom to choose the path of life without judgment.

This article discusses the phenomenon of healing beliefs in Javanese and Japanese culture which is presented through the narrative of the novel Pingkan Melipat Distance by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The novel explores the complexities of cross-cultural relationships, highlighting the traditional beliefs that influence the way the main character, Pingkan, deals with emotional and identity crises. In Javanese culture, healing beliefs are rooted in harmony between spirituality, nature and the body, while in Japanese culture, balance between the body, mind and environment is the main foundation. This article finds that through Pingkan's journey, this novel represents a cross-cultural dialogue that not only connects local and global values ​​but also opens up space for reflection on identity and healing in the modern era. With a literary approach and cultural perspective, this article presents an in-depth understanding of how healing traditions contribute to the sustainability of cultural values as well as being a tool to face the challenges of globalization.

This article discusses the phenomenon of healing beliefs in Javanese and Japanese culture which is presented through the narrative of the novel Pingkan Melipat Distance by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The novel explores the complexities of cross-cultural relationships, highlighting the traditional beliefs that influence the way the main character, Pingkan, deals with emotional and identity crises. In Javanese culture, healing beliefs are rooted in harmony between spirituality, nature and the body, while in Japanese culture, balance between the body, mind and environment is the main foundation. This article finds that through Pingkan's journey, this novel represents a cross-cultural dialogue that not only connects local and global values ​​but also opens up space for reflection on identity and healing in the modern era. With a literary approach and cultural perspective, this article presents an in-depth understanding of how healing traditions contribute to the sustainability of cultural values as well as being a tool to face the challenges of globalization.

This research examines the aspects of relevance, effectiveness, and impact of children's literature on the development of children in Indonesia. In the ever-evolving digital era, this study investigates how traditional children's literature continues to maintain its significance for contemporary generations. The methodology used includes a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, interviews with education experts, and observations of children's literature consumption patterns. The main findings indicate that classic children's literature maintains its relevance through the transmission of universal values and cultural heritage, as well as through adaptation into contemporary formats. The effectiveness of children's literature is proven in the improvement of literacy skills, emotional development, and social learning. Recent developments in children's literature show innovative trends, including theme diversification and the use of digital platforms. Furthermore, this research reveals the significant influence of children's literature on various aspects of development, including cognitive, emotional, social, and the formation of cultural identity. Children's literature serves as a catalyst in stimulating imagination, enriching vocabulary, and facilitating understanding of emotional complexities and social dynamics.The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating diverse children's literature into the education curriculum, as well as collaboration between educators, writers, and other stakeholders to create relevant and impactful content. Recommendations for future research include a deeper exploration of the long-term effects of children's literature exposure on individual development, as well as an investigation into the potential of children's literature in addressing contemporary issues such as digital literacy and global awareness.

This research examines the aspects of relevance, effectiveness, and impact of children's literature on the development of children in Indonesia. In the ever-evolving digital era, this study investigates how traditional children's literature continues to maintain its significance for contemporary generations. The methodology used includes a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, interviews with education experts, and observations of children's literature consumption patterns. The main findings indicate that classic children's literature maintains its relevance through the transmission of universal values and cultural heritage, as well as through adaptation into contemporary formats. The effectiveness of children's literature is proven in the improvement of literacy skills, emotional development, and social learning. Recent developments in children's literature show innovative trends, including theme diversification and the use of digital platforms. Furthermore, this research reveals the significant influence of children's literature on various aspects of development, including cognitive, emotional, social, and the formation of cultural identity. Children's literature serves as a catalyst in stimulating imagination, enriching vocabulary, and facilitating understanding of emotional complexities and social dynamics.The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating diverse children's literature into the education curriculum, as well as collaboration between educators, writers, and other stakeholders to create relevant and impactful content. Recommendations for future research include a deeper exploration of the long-term effects of children's literature exposure on individual development, as well as an investigation into the potential of children's literature in addressing contemporary issues such as digital literacy and global awareness.

The foundation of education is a universal human aspiration; therefore, in addressing educational issues, complex solutions with philosophical foundations are necessary to ensure that the resulting solutions benefit all segments of society. One of the figures with strong philosophical views on education is Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Ki Hadjar Dewantara, a nobleman from the Yogyakarta Sultanate, firmly held a high concern for the development of education. The philosophical views put forward by Ki Hadjar Dewantara have become the basis for educational development in Indonesia. Ki Hadjar Dewantara expressed that the essence of education is an effort to internalize cultural values ​​into the souls of children with the aim of shaping them into complete human beings, both spiritually and mentally. This educational philosophy is known as the "Sistem Among," which emphasizes the basic ability of children to overcome the problems they face by providing them with broad freedom of thought. Ki Hadjar Dewantara formulated his philosophy by applying indigenous Indonesian culture, selectively adopting Western values ​​to fit the trikonic theory, and then adapting them wisely. Ki Hadjar Dewantara also made several contributions to Indonesian education, including the implementation of the leadership trilogy in education, the three educational centers, and the paguron system. Education is an effort to develop the human potential of learners, both physically, intellectually, emotionally, and morally, so that this potential can be realized and beneficial to their lives.

The foundation of education is a universal human aspiration; therefore, in addressing educational issues, complex solutions with philosophical foundations are necessary to ensure that the resulting solutions benefit all segments of society. One of the figures with strong philosophical views on education is Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Ki Hadjar Dewantara, a nobleman from the Yogyakarta Sultanate, firmly held a high concern for the development of education. The philosophical views put forward by Ki Hadjar Dewantara have become the basis for educational development in Indonesia. Ki Hadjar Dewantara expressed that the essence of education is an effort to internalize cultural values ​​into the souls of children with the aim of shaping them into complete human beings, both spiritually and mentally. This educational philosophy is known as the "Sistem Among," which emphasizes the basic ability of children to overcome the problems they face by providing them with broad freedom of thought. Ki Hadjar Dewantara formulated his philosophy by applying indigenous Indonesian culture, selectively adopting Western values ​​to fit the trikonic theory, and then adapting them wisely. Ki Hadjar Dewantara also made several contributions to Indonesian education, including the implementation of the leadership trilogy in education, the three educational centers, and the paguron system. Education is an effort to develop the human potential of learners, both physically, intellectually, emotionally, and morally, so that this potential can be realized and beneficial to their lives.