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This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

Environmental damage caused by human activities has become an increasingly pressing global issue. Poetry as a literary work has the power to represent ecological problems symbolically and critically. This study aims to describe the representation of the impact of the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems, namely "Menengajah Ke Atas, Merenungi Ozone yang Tak terlihat" and "Membaca Tanda-Tanda." The analysis is based on Greg Garrard's ecocritical study. This study uses a qualitative method with content analysis techniques. There are two stages of analysis, namely the literal and symbolic meaning of the poems, then an ecocritical interpretation is carried out based on Garrard's categories which include pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, and earth. The results of the study indicate that both poems represent the impact of the environmental crisis through health problems due to pollution and radiation, damage to water and forest ecosystems, climate change, threats to human living space, and the decline in biodiversity. The research findings also show that the most dominant categories are pollution and apocalypse, which confirms that the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems is the result of human behavior that ignores nature. Thus, Taufiq Ismail's poems not only function as aesthetic works, but also as cultural criticism and moral warnings for humanity.

Environmental damage caused by human activities has become an increasingly pressing global issue. Poetry as a literary work has the power to represent ecological problems symbolically and critically. This study aims to describe the representation of the impact of the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems, namely "Menengajah Ke Atas, Merenungi Ozone yang Tak terlihat" and "Membaca Tanda-Tanda." The analysis is based on Greg Garrard's ecocritical study. This study uses a qualitative method with content analysis techniques. There are two stages of analysis, namely the literal and symbolic meaning of the poems, then an ecocritical interpretation is carried out based on Garrard's categories which include pollution, wilderness, apocalypse, dwelling, animals, and earth. The results of the study indicate that both poems represent the impact of the environmental crisis through health problems due to pollution and radiation, damage to water and forest ecosystems, climate change, threats to human living space, and the decline in biodiversity. The research findings also show that the most dominant categories are pollution and apocalypse, which confirms that the environmental crisis in Taufiq Ismail's poems is the result of human behavior that ignores nature. Thus, Taufiq Ismail's poems not only function as aesthetic works, but also as cultural criticism and moral warnings for humanity.

Fish farming using the biofloc system is a technological innovation capable of increasing efficiency, production results, and the sustainability of fisheries business at the village level. This study aims to determine the development of fish farming businesses using the biofloc system in increasing family income in Sembuluh village. Then, it aims to understand the impact of using the biofloc system in increasing family income and to understand the Islamic economic perspective on the utilization of the biofloc system in increasing family income. The method used is a qualitative or field research approach with purposive sampling techniques to collect data from 5 fish farmers who implement the biofloc system. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively. The research results show that fish farming using a biofloc system is able to increase family income through increased production and feed cost efficiency. This system supports more controlled pond management, maintains water quality, and produces more stable harvests. In addition to increasing income, the implementation of the biofloc system also strengthens family economic resilience due to planned harvest cycles and group cooperation. From an Islamic economic perspective, this practice aligns with the principles of halal, honesty, justice, and social responsibility, as well as providing benefits for families and the community.

Fish farming using the biofloc system is a technological innovation capable of increasing efficiency, production results, and the sustainability of fisheries business at the village level. This study aims to determine the development of fish farming businesses using the biofloc system in increasing family income in Sembuluh village. Then, it aims to understand the impact of using the biofloc system in increasing family income and to understand the Islamic economic perspective on the utilization of the biofloc system in increasing family income. The method used is a qualitative or field research approach with purposive sampling techniques to collect data from 5 fish farmers who implement the biofloc system. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively. The research results show that fish farming using a biofloc system is able to increase family income through increased production and feed cost efficiency. This system supports more controlled pond management, maintains water quality, and produces more stable harvests. In addition to increasing income, the implementation of the biofloc system also strengthens family economic resilience due to planned harvest cycles and group cooperation. From an Islamic economic perspective, this practice aligns with the principles of halal, honesty, justice, and social responsibility, as well as providing benefits for families and the community.

This study analyzes the impact of learning motivation levels on student attendance discipline at the Saint Ignasius Catholic Vocational School in Wairterang. The background of the problem highlights the low level of student attendance, which is caused by the lack of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the vocational education environment. This phenomenon impacts the effectiveness of learning and overall student achievement. The purpose of the study is to identify the causal relationship between learning motivation and attendance discipline, and to measure the significant influence of motivation variables on attendance discipline. The approach used is quantitative with a Likert-scale questionnaire survey method. The study sample involved students in grades X-XII at the Saint Ignasius Catholic Vocational School in Wairterang, with data analysis using simple linear regression to test the hypothesis. The results of the study are expected to show a positive and significant influence of learning motivation on attendance discipline. Practical implications include recommended strategies for guidance and counseling (BK) teachers, such as individual counseling programs, attendance-based reward systems, and the integration of intrinsic motivation through vocational extracurricular activities. These strategies are expected to improve learning effectiveness and build students' disciplined character in vocational high schools

This study analyzes the impact of learning motivation levels on student attendance discipline at the Saint Ignasius Catholic Vocational School in Wairterang. The background of the problem highlights the low level of student attendance, which is caused by the lack of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the vocational education environment. This phenomenon impacts the effectiveness of learning and overall student achievement. The purpose of the study is to identify the causal relationship between learning motivation and attendance discipline, and to measure the significant influence of motivation variables on attendance discipline. The approach used is quantitative with a Likert-scale questionnaire survey method. The study sample involved students in grades X-XII at the Saint Ignasius Catholic Vocational School in Wairterang, with data analysis using simple linear regression to test the hypothesis. The results of the study are expected to show a positive and significant influence of learning motivation on attendance discipline. Practical implications include recommended strategies for guidance and counseling (BK) teachers, such as individual counseling programs, attendance-based reward systems, and the integration of intrinsic motivation through vocational extracurricular activities. These strategies are expected to improve learning effectiveness and build students' disciplined character in vocational high schools

Polysemy is an important semantic phenomenon in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools because one word form can have more than one interrelated meaning. Understanding polysemy affects students' reading skills, text comprehension, and literacy development. However, studies that specifically examine polysemy in elementary school Indonesian language materials are still limited. This study aims to examine the forms of polysemy, how they are presented in Indonesian language textbooks for elementary schools, and their implications for student understanding. The study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review design. Data were obtained from semantics books and national and international journal articles published between 2017 and 2024 that were relevant to the research topic. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques. The results of the study show that polysemy in elementary school Indonesian language materials appears in the form of context-based, functional, and extended meanings, with a presentation that is not yet fully systematic, thus potentially causing misconceptions and affecting students' reading comprehension.

Polysemy is an important semantic phenomenon in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools because one word form can have more than one interrelated meaning. Understanding polysemy affects students' reading skills, text comprehension, and literacy development. However, studies that specifically examine polysemy in elementary school Indonesian language materials are still limited. This study aims to examine the forms of polysemy, how they are presented in Indonesian language textbooks for elementary schools, and their implications for student understanding. The study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review design. Data were obtained from semantics books and national and international journal articles published between 2017 and 2024 that were relevant to the research topic. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques. The results of the study show that polysemy in elementary school Indonesian language materials appears in the form of context-based, functional, and extended meanings, with a presentation that is not yet fully systematic, thus potentially causing misconceptions and affecting students' reading comprehension.

This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study examines the denotative and connotative meanings in Mahmoud Darwish's poem "Fakkir Bighairik" using a semantic approach. Language as a sign system has a primary function in conveying meaning, and poetry is the medium of linguistic expression richest in such meaning. Darwish's poem, through dense diction, depicts empathy, humanity, and the struggle of the Palestinian people by inviting readers to "think of the other." This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method with library techniques, where data is taken from the text of Fakkir Bighairik's poem and analyzed based on the theory of denotative and connotative meaning. The results show that the denotative meaning in this poem conveys a direct and straightforward message, while the connotative meaning provides emotional, social, and moral depth that strengthens the humanitarian message. The combination of these two meanings creates a poetic effect that awakens readers' awareness of solidarity and universal human values. In addition, this poem also invites readers to reflect on their role in the humanitarian struggle and reminds them of the importance of fighting for human rights amidst conflict.

This study analyzes the role of families and caregivers at Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar in implementing elderly care programs and examines the implications of these programs for the quality of life of older adults. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Two theoretical frameworks guided the analysis: Carrolyn Smith-Morris’ Social Support Theory, which highlights the importance of emotional, informational, and instrumental support for elderly well-being, and Robert J. Havighurst’s Activity Theory, which states that active involvement in social, physical, and spiritual activities enhances happiness and life satisfaction in old age. The findings show that families’ involvement remains limited due to time and distance constraints, yet their emotional presence still contributes positively to the psychological comfort of the elderly. Caregivers play a dominant role in meeting the physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of residents. The care program demonstrates positive implications, including improved health stability, increased social interaction, strengthened feelings of appreciation, and enhanced spiritual peace. Additionally, Balinese cultural values such as tatwam asi and menyama braya reinforce empathy, togetherness, and respectful relationships within the care system. The study concludes that synergy between families, caregivers, and local cultural values forms a crucial foundation for a meaningful and humane elderly care system.  

This study analyzes the role of families and caregivers at Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar in implementing elderly care programs and examines the implications of these programs for the quality of life of older adults. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Two theoretical frameworks guided the analysis: Carrolyn Smith-Morris’ Social Support Theory, which highlights the importance of emotional, informational, and instrumental support for elderly well-being, and Robert J. Havighurst’s Activity Theory, which states that active involvement in social, physical, and spiritual activities enhances happiness and life satisfaction in old age. The findings show that families’ involvement remains limited due to time and distance constraints, yet their emotional presence still contributes positively to the psychological comfort of the elderly. Caregivers play a dominant role in meeting the physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of residents. The care program demonstrates positive implications, including improved health stability, increased social interaction, strengthened feelings of appreciation, and enhanced spiritual peace. Additionally, Balinese cultural values such as tatwam asi and menyama braya reinforce empathy, togetherness, and respectful relationships within the care system. The study concludes that synergy between families, caregivers, and local cultural values forms a crucial foundation for a meaningful and humane elderly care system.  

This study examines the utilization of haiku as a form of response to postwar trauma through Kaneko Tota’s and Saito Sanki’s war-themed haiku. Following Japan’s defeat in World War II in 1945, a cultural shift occurred marked by transformation within traditional arts, particularly haiku, which became a significant medium for expressing traumatic historical and social experiences. Although both poets used haiku as a medium to express dissatisfaction and critique the socio-political conditions of the postwar period, they represented different generations and approaches in responding to postwar trauma. Saito, having directly experienced the trauma of war, developed a deconstructive strategy towards traditional haiku conventions. Meanwhile, Kaneko, belonging to the postwar generation, adopted a more radical approach in formal and semantic experimentation. These dual strategies not only embodied individual artistic responses to trauma but also contributed to a broader cultural project aimed at reconstructing Japan’s collective identity in the postwar era. Yuri Lotman’s cultural semiotics framework is employed to analyze the semiotic transformation dynamics in the poets' works. Lotman’s theory, with its key concepts of semiosphere, cultural text, and translation mechanisms, offers a comprehensive analytical tool for understanding the dynamics of sign systems and cultural meanings in World War II-themed haiku. From the analysis of five war-themed haiku, it is concluded that both poets constructed a collective trauma discourse. Rather than employing explicit descriptive narratives, the trauma discourse utilizes strong semiotic condensation strategies. Saito and Kaneko juxtaposed established cultural symbols and codes, such as Hiroshima as a metaphor of absolute destruction, the marathon as a symbol of life, breasts as a symbol of motherhood, and blooming flowers representing renewal into new surreal configurations that created novel meanings at the semiotic boundaries where tensions clashed.

This study examines the utilization of haiku as a form of response to postwar trauma through Kaneko Tota’s and Saito Sanki’s war-themed haiku. Following Japan’s defeat in World War II in 1945, a cultural shift occurred marked by transformation within traditional arts, particularly haiku, which became a significant medium for expressing traumatic historical and social experiences. Although both poets used haiku as a medium to express dissatisfaction and critique the socio-political conditions of the postwar period, they represented different generations and approaches in responding to postwar trauma. Saito, having directly experienced the trauma of war, developed a deconstructive strategy towards traditional haiku conventions. Meanwhile, Kaneko, belonging to the postwar generation, adopted a more radical approach in formal and semantic experimentation. These dual strategies not only embodied individual artistic responses to trauma but also contributed to a broader cultural project aimed at reconstructing Japan’s collective identity in the postwar era. Yuri Lotman’s cultural semiotics framework is employed to analyze the semiotic transformation dynamics in the poets' works. Lotman’s theory, with its key concepts of semiosphere, cultural text, and translation mechanisms, offers a comprehensive analytical tool for understanding the dynamics of sign systems and cultural meanings in World War II-themed haiku. From the analysis of five war-themed haiku, it is concluded that both poets constructed a collective trauma discourse. Rather than employing explicit descriptive narratives, the trauma discourse utilizes strong semiotic condensation strategies. Saito and Kaneko juxtaposed established cultural symbols and codes, such as Hiroshima as a metaphor of absolute destruction, the marathon as a symbol of life, breasts as a symbol of motherhood, and blooming flowers representing renewal into new surreal configurations that created novel meanings at the semiotic boundaries where tensions clashed.

This study aims to explore the role of harakat in assisting beginner students at Pondok Pesantren Zainul Hasan Genggong in reading and understanding Arabic texts. Learning Arabic, especially for beginners, presents its own challenges, particularly in reading texts that use the harakat system. Harakat plays a crucial role in proper pronunciation and understanding the meaning of words. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, involving 1) seventh-grade students and 2) the arabic language teachers in that class. The results of the study show that harakat significantly helps students in understanding Arabic grammar, improving reading skills, and comprehending the meaning of texts. Additionally, internal factors such as physical health, as well as external factors like family conditions, also influence students' ability to read Arabic texts. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that the use of harakat in teaching Arabic to beginners be maintained and enhanced.  

This study aims to explore the role of harakat in assisting beginner students at Pondok Pesantren Zainul Hasan Genggong in reading and understanding Arabic texts. Learning Arabic, especially for beginners, presents its own challenges, particularly in reading texts that use the harakat system. Harakat plays a crucial role in proper pronunciation and understanding the meaning of words. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, involving 1) seventh-grade students and 2) the arabic language teachers in that class. The results of the study show that harakat significantly helps students in understanding Arabic grammar, improving reading skills, and comprehending the meaning of texts. Additionally, internal factors such as physical health, as well as external factors like family conditions, also influence students' ability to read Arabic texts. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that the use of harakat in teaching Arabic to beginners be maintained and enhanced.  

Hadith serves as one of the primary sources of Islamic law and plays a significant role in shaping various aspects of life, including the economic domain. As a normative foundation, Hadith not only complements the Qur’an but also provides practical guidance for the economic activities of Muslims. This study aims to explore the definition of Hadith in the context of Islamic economics, its urgency as a normative basis, and its application in contemporary economic practices. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach and library research method, the study reveals that Hadith offers fundamental principles such as justice, honesty, prohibition of usury (riba), as well as encouragement for fair trade and hard work. The urgency of Hadith in Islamic economics is evident in its contribution to forming an economic system rooted in moral and spiritual values. Its application can be seen in practices such as zakat, Islamic contracts (muamalah), and Islamic business ethics. Thus, Hadith plays a central role in building an economic framework that is not only rational but also ethical and just.

Hadith serves as one of the primary sources of Islamic law and plays a significant role in shaping various aspects of life, including the economic domain. As a normative foundation, Hadith not only complements the Qur’an but also provides practical guidance for the economic activities of Muslims. This study aims to explore the definition of Hadith in the context of Islamic economics, its urgency as a normative basis, and its application in contemporary economic practices. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach and library research method, the study reveals that Hadith offers fundamental principles such as justice, honesty, prohibition of usury (riba), as well as encouragement for fair trade and hard work. The urgency of Hadith in Islamic economics is evident in its contribution to forming an economic system rooted in moral and spiritual values. Its application can be seen in practices such as zakat, Islamic contracts (muamalah), and Islamic business ethics. Thus, Hadith plays a central role in building an economic framework that is not only rational but also ethical and just.