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This research is motivated by the low quality of learning in various educational units, one of the causes of which is the gap between curriculum design and classroom implementation. A good curriculum will not have a significant impact without effective implementation by teachers. Therefore, curriculum implementation plays a strategic role as a link between macro-level education policies and classroom learning practices. This study aims to analyze the impact of curriculum implementation on learning quality, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate strategies to strengthen learning quality. The method used is descriptive qualitative, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques with teachers, principals, and elementary school students. The results show that the implementation of a flexible curriculum, such as the Independent Curriculum, encourages a shift from teacher-centered to student-centered learning, which increases student motivation and engagement through project-based learning and authentic assessment. However, teacher preparedness, limited infrastructure, and administrative burdens remain major obstacles. Authentic assessment has been shown to improve students' critical thinking skills and creativity, but requires consistent managerial support. The implication is that improving the quality of learning must be accompanied by strengthening teacher competency, the availability of resources, and adaptive school management so that curriculum transformation has a real impact on the quality of national education

This research is motivated by the low quality of learning in various educational units, one of the causes of which is the gap between curriculum design and classroom implementation. A good curriculum will not have a significant impact without effective implementation by teachers. Therefore, curriculum implementation plays a strategic role as a link between macro-level education policies and classroom learning practices. This study aims to analyze the impact of curriculum implementation on learning quality, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate strategies to strengthen learning quality. The method used is descriptive qualitative, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques with teachers, principals, and elementary school students. The results show that the implementation of a flexible curriculum, such as the Independent Curriculum, encourages a shift from teacher-centered to student-centered learning, which increases student motivation and engagement through project-based learning and authentic assessment. However, teacher preparedness, limited infrastructure, and administrative burdens remain major obstacles. Authentic assessment has been shown to improve students' critical thinking skills and creativity, but requires consistent managerial support. The implication is that improving the quality of learning must be accompanied by strengthening teacher competency, the availability of resources, and adaptive school management so that curriculum transformation has a real impact on the quality of national education

This research aims to analyze the behavior of school organizations in facing curriculum changes at UPT SMP N 27 Medan. Curriculum change is a challenge that requires adaptation from all school elements, including teachers, principals and support staff. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research focus includes how school organizations behave in responding to curriculum changes, the strategies implemented to manage changes, and the obstacles faced during the adaptation process. It is hoped that the research results will provide an overview of the dynamics of school organizations in the context of curriculum change as well as recommendations for effective management of change in the school environment.

This research aims to analyze the behavior of school organizations in facing curriculum changes at UPT SMP N 27 Medan. Curriculum change is a challenge that requires adaptation from all school elements, including teachers, principals and support staff. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research focus includes how school organizations behave in responding to curriculum changes, the strategies implemented to manage changes, and the obstacles faced during the adaptation process. It is hoped that the research results will provide an overview of the dynamics of school organizations in the context of curriculum change as well as recommendations for effective management of change in the school environment.

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

A professional leader of an educational institution is someone who is able to provide direction, set goals to be achieved, provide solutions to every problem, make various decisions, planning and strategies. He is a great person in implementing concepts. He actively communicates, coordinates, supervises and conducts evaluations. The most important thing is that he motivates teachers and education personnel to become professional teachers and education personnel. He builds morale and a spirit of togetherness in the madrasah educational institution, teaches, trains, and gives advice. All of these hopes will be realized if a leader has the integrity to lead the madrasah educational institution to become an excellent and quality institution. Leader, which means "to lead" or "leader," is the root of the word "leadership," which indicates the act of taking control. "Leadership as the ability to influence a group towards achieving goals" is what Stephen P. Robbins said when asked about leadership. One definition of leadership is the capacity to inspire others to work together to achieve common goals. The development of school culture in order to achieve commitment in achieving the expected standards needs to be continuously carried out in a culture of quality. Therefore, the principal's leadership plays a key role in realizing a culture of quality in educational units.  

In a school, the most crucial decision-maker is the principal. The principal as the main leader has the responsibility to direct, improve and manage the quality of education of the school he leads in accordance with the vision and mission of the school. Many cases that occur in schools discuss the role of the principal as the highest leader in the school in making decisions for mutual progress. The purpose of this study is to identify cases that are ethical dilemmas at SDN 004 Teluk Durian to find out the methods/steps/procedures carried out by the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian in making decisions, to find out the challenges faced in decision-making in cases of ethical and disciplinary dilemmas, to find out the factors that facilitate or help the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian in making decisions. This study uses literature study research, by conducting an analysis by comparing the results of previous research through journals that are relevant to the study of the problem being studied. The subject of this research is the principal at SDN 004 Teluk Durian, Anambas Islands Regency, Riau Islands Province. From the results of the research that has been carried out, it was found that Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian, the methods/procedures/steps carried out in decision-making consist of several ways, namely (1) Identifying problems, (2) classifying problems, and (3) Practice decision-making. The principal also makes decisions that are in line with the knowledge of 4 paradigms, 3 principles and 9 steps of testing and has a paternalistic type of democratic leadership style. Several efforts made by Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal at SDN 004 Teluk Durian in implementing the code of ethics at school for the problem of late attendance at school, students were sanctioned and in line with the violations that had been committed. The challenge faced by the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian is that the local culture of the school is still very thick, such as the use of Indonesian language is very minimal in school and the use of technology in accordance with the development of the times is still relatively low so that it is not able to compete with schools in urban areas. The conclusion of this study is that Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian, the methods/procedures/steps carried out in decision-making are in line with the knowledge of 4 paradigms, 3 principles and 9 testing steps and have a paternalistic type of democratic leadership style.

In a school, the most crucial decision-maker is the principal. The principal as the main leader has the responsibility to direct, improve and manage the quality of education of the school he leads in accordance with the vision and mission of the school. Many cases that occur in schools discuss the role of the principal as the highest leader in the school in making decisions for mutual progress. The purpose of this study is to identify cases that are ethical dilemmas at SDN 004 Teluk Durian to find out the methods/steps/procedures carried out by the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian in making decisions, to find out the challenges faced in decision-making in cases of ethical and disciplinary dilemmas, to find out the factors that facilitate or help the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian in making decisions. This study uses literature study research, by conducting an analysis by comparing the results of previous research through journals that are relevant to the study of the problem being studied. The subject of this research is the principal at SDN 004 Teluk Durian, Anambas Islands Regency, Riau Islands Province. From the results of the research that has been carried out, it was found that Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian, the methods/procedures/steps carried out in decision-making consist of several ways, namely (1) Identifying problems, (2) classifying problems, and (3) Practice decision-making. The principal also makes decisions that are in line with the knowledge of 4 paradigms, 3 principles and 9 steps of testing and has a paternalistic type of democratic leadership style. Several efforts made by Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal at SDN 004 Teluk Durian in implementing the code of ethics at school for the problem of late attendance at school, students were sanctioned and in line with the violations that had been committed. The challenge faced by the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian is that the local culture of the school is still very thick, such as the use of Indonesian language is very minimal in school and the use of technology in accordance with the development of the times is still relatively low so that it is not able to compete with schools in urban areas. The conclusion of this study is that Mr. Muhammad Rauf, S.Pd.SD as the principal of SDN 004 Teluk Durian, the methods/procedures/steps carried out in decision-making are in line with the knowledge of 4 paradigms, 3 principles and 9 testing steps and have a paternalistic type of democratic leadership style.

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

This research aims to study the role and position of the principal as a leader in implementing the Independent Learning program in elementary schools and the influence of this leadership on the success of achieving educational goals. Apart from that, this also shows that the principal's leadership plays a strategic role in determining the success of educational goals. This research uses literature research methods and data is obtained by analyzing various sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and other documents related to the research subject. The study shows that the leadership of the school principal is very important to support the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. As leaders, they are responsible for setting policies, creating an educational vision that is aligned with national goals, and optimizing existing resources to create a good learning environment. The Independent Learning Program, which was founded by the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Nadiem Makarim, aims to realize the Pancasila Student Profile by producing students with superior character. Religious values, global diversity, independence, creativity and critical thinking are part of this profile. The success of the Merdeka Belajar program really depends on school principals who are good at managing education policies at the school level. With good leadership, school principals can incorporate the principles of Independent Learning into the elementary school curriculum and make a real contribution to achieving educational goals.    

The problem in this research is whether the application of role playing techniques through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive using pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The instruments used in this research were a self-esteem questionnaire and guidelines for implementing role playing techniques. The data analysis technique uses the t test formula. The results of data analysis show that the t_count value is 33.4268, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 2.132. Thus, the t_count>t_table value, this shows that the role playing technique through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The Principal is expected to further increase collaboration with Guidance and Counseling teachers in the implementation of role playing techniques through group guidance in order to help increase students' self-esteem. 2) Guidance and Counseling Teachers are expected to continuously carry out activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase students' self-esteem. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in participating in activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increased self-esteem.

The problem in this research is whether the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling to improve the self-concept of class VIII students at ASMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive with pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The research instruments used were a self-concept questionnaire and guidelines for implementing bibliotherapy techniques. The t test formula is used by research when analyzing data. The analysis results show that the t_count value is 88.75, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 12.71 (t_count > t_(table)). This shows that the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The principal is expected to better coordinate and support the entire BK program so that it is implemented well in order to help students improve their self-concept. 2) Guidance and Guidance Teachers are expected to continuously provide individual counseling services using bibliotherapy techniques to improve students' self-concept. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in individual counseling using bibliotherapy techniques carried out by guidance and counseling teachers to improve students' self-concept.

The problem in this research is whether the application of role playing techniques through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive using pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The instruments used in this research were a self-esteem questionnaire and guidelines for implementing role playing techniques. The data analysis technique uses the t test formula. The results of data analysis show that the t_count value is 33.4268, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 2.132. Thus, the t_count>t_table value, this shows that the role playing technique through group guidance is effective in increasing the self-esteem of class IX A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki Kupang 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The Principal is expected to further increase collaboration with Guidance and Counseling teachers in the implementation of role playing techniques through group guidance in order to help increase students' self-esteem. 2) Guidance and Counseling Teachers are expected to continuously carry out activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increase students' self-esteem. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in participating in activities applying role playing techniques through group guidance to increased self-esteem.

The problem in this research is whether the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year? The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of applying bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling to improve the self-concept of class VIII students at ASMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive with pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The research instruments used were a self-concept questionnaire and guidelines for implementing bibliotherapy techniques. The t test formula is used by research when analyzing data. The analysis results show that the t_count value is 88.75, while the t_table value at the 5% significance level is 12.71 (t_count > t_(table)). This shows that the application of bibliotherapy techniques through individual counseling is effective for improving the self-concept of class VIII A students at SMPK St. Yoseph Noelbaki for the 2023/2024 academic year. Based on the results of this research, the researcher provides suggestions to: 1) The principal is expected to better coordinate and support the entire BK program so that it is implemented well in order to help students improve their self-concept. 2) Guidance and Guidance Teachers are expected to continuously provide individual counseling services using bibliotherapy techniques to improve students' self-concept. 3) Students are expected to actively participate in individual counseling using bibliotherapy techniques carried out by guidance and counseling teachers to improve students' self-concept.

This research was made based on the principal of the problem that occurred in the object of the research material, which was a novel entitled Pukul setengah lima by Rintik Sedu. The aim of this research is to reveal the personality of the main character in the novel and analyze the reasons why this personality emerged.  The method of this research uses qualitative literature study methods, by reading, taking notes, interpreting and the Hermeneutic method, namely interpreting sentences that are difficult to understand into something that is easy to understand or interpreting foreign languages into our language.  From this research, we obtained data from Abraham Maslow’s humanistic approach, namely physiological needs, security needs, love and existence needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. From this research it can be concluded that the main character does not fully meet these needs, the reason why this personality appears in the main character is because the main character has not reached the peak of self-actualization, he does not fulfill the needs for security and love so that the main character experiences basic anxiety and causes him not to able to reach the peak of self-actualization because lower level needs have not been fully met.

This research was made based on the principal of the problem that occurred in the object of the research material, which was a novel entitled Pukul setengah lima by Rintik Sedu. The aim of this research is to reveal the personality of the main character in the novel and analyze the reasons why this personality emerged.  The method of this research uses qualitative literature study methods, by reading, taking notes, interpreting and the Hermeneutic method, namely interpreting sentences that are difficult to understand into something that is easy to understand or interpreting foreign languages into our language.  From this research, we obtained data from Abraham Maslow’s humanistic approach, namely physiological needs, security needs, love and existence needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. From this research it can be concluded that the main character does not fully meet these needs, the reason why this personality appears in the main character is because the main character has not reached the peak of self-actualization, he does not fulfill the needs for security and love so that the main character experiences basic anxiety and causes him not to able to reach the peak of self-actualization because lower level needs have not been fully met.