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This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

The purpose of this writing is to determine the factors that influence reading interest and interest in class X MA Nurul Huda Lumajang students through the sociodrama method. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Class X students are the subjects. The influencing factors are internal and external factors. Internal factors include intelligence, interest and attention, motivation, perseverance, attitude, reading habits, as well as physical fitness and health. Students will not be interested in reading if they do not have the desire, health, physical fitness, intelligence and motivation. Bad libraries, outdated reading materials, some even unused, little encouragement from teachers, no encouragement from parents, parents who do not provide encouragement due to lack of funds, no parental attention to children's reading. Most parents focus more on learning outcomes, reading habits that students have not acquired since childhood. The influence of the reading environment and playmates indirectly influences students' interest in reading. The uncontrolled influence of technology. For example, the influence of misuse of smartphones or gadgets, the influence of television programs on students who forget their student responsibilities.    

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

The purpose of this writing is to determine the factors that influence reading interest and interest in class X MA Nurul Huda Lumajang students through the sociodrama method. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Class X students are the subjects. The influencing factors are internal and external factors. Internal factors include intelligence, interest and attention, motivation, perseverance, attitude, reading habits, as well as physical fitness and health. Students will not be interested in reading if they do not have the desire, health, physical fitness, intelligence and motivation. Bad libraries, outdated reading materials, some even unused, little encouragement from teachers, no encouragement from parents, parents who do not provide encouragement due to lack of funds, no parental attention to children's reading. Most parents focus more on learning outcomes, reading habits that students have not acquired since childhood. The influence of the reading environment and playmates indirectly influences students' interest in reading. The uncontrolled influence of technology. For example, the influence of misuse of smartphones or gadgets, the influence of television programs on students who forget their student responsibilities.    

There is a perception from the community towards the Mappadekko tradition which is believed to have an influence on the harvests of the Walenreng Village farming community. The problems in the research are considered important to  be carried out in order to find answers to the beliefs held by conducting a study regarding "The Influence of the Mappadekko Tradition on Community Harvest Results in Walenreng Village, Bone Regency. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of  the  Mappadekko  tradition  on  community harvests in Walenreng Village, Cina District, Bone Regency. This type of research uses ethnography. The instrument used was an interview guide. The data analysis techniques used are data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that this research program has been implemented well, namely that the majority of the planned research activities have been carried out well  with  good  results  achieved.  This  research produced six pieces of information, namely what the Mappadekko tradition is, the community's response to the Mappadekko tradition, when the Mappadekko tradition was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the Mappadekko tradition, incidents when the Mappadekko tradition was not carried out, and the influence ofthe Mappadekko tradition on the community's harvest.

There is a perception from the community towards the Mappadekko tradition which is believed to have an influence on the harvests of the Walenreng Village farming community. The problems in the research are considered important to  be carried out in order to find answers to the beliefs held by conducting a study regarding "The Influence of the Mappadekko Tradition on Community Harvest Results in Walenreng Village, Bone Regency. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of  the  Mappadekko  tradition  on  community harvests in Walenreng Village, Cina District, Bone Regency. This type of research uses ethnography. The instrument used was an interview guide. The data analysis techniques used are data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that this research program has been implemented well, namely that the majority of the planned research activities have been carried out well  with  good  results  achieved.  This  research produced six pieces of information, namely what the Mappadekko tradition is, the community's response to the Mappadekko tradition, when the Mappadekko tradition was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the Mappadekko tradition, incidents when the Mappadekko tradition was not carried out, and the influence ofthe Mappadekko tradition on the community's harvest.