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Learning based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is an effective strategy for sharpening children's intelligence in elementary schools. HOTS questions are designed to train students' critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills, enabling them to solve problems independently. This article discusses the basic concepts of HOTS questions, strategies for their implementation in learning, and their benefits in improving children's comprehension quality. Several effective strategies in HOTS-based learning include using challenging questions, problem-based learning, reflective discussions, and utilizing technology and interactive media. Additionally, this article identifies the challenges faced in implementing HOTS in elementary schools and solutions that educators can apply. With proper implementation, HOTS questions can help students develop higher-order thinking skills essential for facing future challenges.    

Learning based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is an effective strategy for sharpening children's intelligence in elementary schools. HOTS questions are designed to train students' critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills, enabling them to solve problems independently. This article discusses the basic concepts of HOTS questions, strategies for their implementation in learning, and their benefits in improving children's comprehension quality. Several effective strategies in HOTS-based learning include using challenging questions, problem-based learning, reflective discussions, and utilizing technology and interactive media. Additionally, this article identifies the challenges faced in implementing HOTS in elementary schools and solutions that educators can apply. With proper implementation, HOTS questions can help students develop higher-order thinking skills essential for facing future challenges.    

Science and technology have a big influence on teachers and students in the learning process. The use of digital-based learning media is also commonly used to support the learning process. The use of animated videos in learning is one of the uses of technology in the current era, animated video media provides enormous benefits in the process of delivering learning by teachers and student learning outcomes. In learning Indonesian, learning using animated videos greatly increases students' interest in carrying out learning. In this research the author uses a library study model, by analyzing several trusted articles. This research is suitable to be used because it does not only examine it from one point of view but from several valid points of view. The aim of this study is to find out how effective the use of animated videos is on students' listening skills.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in enhancing the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students through a literature review. The method used is a literature study, collecting data from various sources, including books, academic journals, and previous relevant research. Data analysis was conducted by examining theories and past research findings regarding the impact of Discovery Learning on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study results indicate that implementing Discovery Learning can increase students' learning motivation by providing a more active and meaningful learning experience. Furthermore, previous research also highlights that this model positively contributes to improving students' academic performance. Thus, Discovery Learning can be considered an effective instructional strategy for enhancing motivation and academic achievement in elementary school students.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in enhancing the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students through a literature review. The method used is a literature study, collecting data from various sources, including books, academic journals, and previous relevant research. Data analysis was conducted by examining theories and past research findings regarding the impact of Discovery Learning on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study results indicate that implementing Discovery Learning can increase students' learning motivation by providing a more active and meaningful learning experience. Furthermore, previous research also highlights that this model positively contributes to improving students' academic performance. Thus, Discovery Learning can be considered an effective instructional strategy for enhancing motivation and academic achievement in elementary school students.

Science and technology have a big influence on teachers and students in the learning process. The use of digital-based learning media is also commonly used to support the learning process. The use of animated videos in learning is one of the uses of technology in the current era, animated video media provides enormous benefits in the process of delivering learning by teachers and student learning outcomes. In learning Indonesian, learning using animated videos greatly increases students' interest in carrying out learning. In this research the author uses a library study model, by analyzing several trusted articles. This research is suitable to be used because it does not only examine it from one point of view but from several valid points of view. The aim of this study is to find out how effective the use of animated videos is on students' listening skills.

The purpose of this study was to develop a picture story book as a picture story book in science learning to improve the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 04 Tente. The type of research used was R & D using the ADDIE development model including analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation activities. The results of the study showed that the results of the book development that was made could be used as a learning resource in thematic learning were declared valid. This can be seen from the results of expert validation consisting of media validation, language validation, and expert validation of learning. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning obtained a value of 84.66% with a very feasible category. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning was declared practical. The results of the questionnaire analysis filled out by 22 respondents/students with an average value of 97.36% in the very practical category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of picture story books can be seen from the results of the t-test calculation that tℎ

The purpose of this study was to develop a picture story book as a picture story book in science learning to improve the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 04 Tente. The type of research used was R & D using the ADDIE development model including analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation activities. The results of the study showed that the results of the book development that was made could be used as a learning resource in thematic learning were declared valid. This can be seen from the results of expert validation consisting of media validation, language validation, and expert validation of learning. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning obtained a value of 84.66% with a very feasible category. The picture story book as a learning resource in thematic learning was declared practical. The results of the questionnaire analysis filled out by 22 respondents/students with an average value of 97.36% in the very practical category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of picture story books can be seen from the results of the t-test calculation that tℎ

This study aims to analyze the science literacy skills of students in primary schools in Medan City. The method used was a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through a science literacy test given to 31 students from 3 primary schools. The results showed that students' science literacy skills were still at a low level, with only 28% of students achieving an adequate level of literacy. The findings indicate the need for improvement in science teaching in primary schools to improve students' science literacy skills. This research is expected to provide insights for educators and policy makers in formulating more effective strategies to improve science literacy among primary school students.

This study aims to analyze the science literacy skills of students in primary schools in Medan City. The method used was a quantitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through a science literacy test given to 31 students from 3 primary schools. The results showed that students' science literacy skills were still at a low level, with only 28% of students achieving an adequate level of literacy. The findings indicate the need for improvement in science teaching in primary schools to improve students' science literacy skills. This research is expected to provide insights for educators and policy makers in formulating more effective strategies to improve science literacy among primary school students.

This study aims to identify and analyze language errors in the Discrete Mathematics book, which may affect the clarity and comprehension of the presented material. The analysis focuses on capitalization, punctuation, word usage, and sentence structure. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. Data were collected through in-depth reading and recording of linguistic errors found in the book's text. The results indicate that errors such as improper capitalization, punctuation mistakes, inaccurate word choices, and ineffective sentence structures can hinder the understanding of discrete mathematics concepts. Therefore, linguistic improvements are necessary to enhance the book's effectiveness and quality as a teaching material. These revisions are also expected to increase the book’s academic credibility as a reference for students and scholars.

This study aims to identify and analyze language errors in the Discrete Mathematics book, which may affect the clarity and comprehension of the presented material. The analysis focuses on capitalization, punctuation, word usage, and sentence structure. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. Data were collected through in-depth reading and recording of linguistic errors found in the book's text. The results indicate that errors such as improper capitalization, punctuation mistakes, inaccurate word choices, and ineffective sentence structures can hinder the understanding of discrete mathematics concepts. Therefore, linguistic improvements are necessary to enhance the book's effectiveness and quality as a teaching material. These revisions are also expected to increase the book’s academic credibility as a reference for students and scholars.

Bahasa Indonesia, as the official language and primary means of communication in Indonesia, not only serves as a link between diverse ethnicities and cultures, but also as an effective medium for conveying democratic values ​​to students. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to understand the meaning behind the use of language in learning activities. The results of the study indicate that good mastery of Bahasa Indonesia can facilitate constructive discussions and interactions, support the teaching of democratic values, and create an inclusive learning environment. Through interactive learning strategies, prospective PPKn teachers can instill awareness of the importance of active participation in a democratic society, build mutual respect, and appreciate differences of opinion among students. This study emphasizes the importance of developing Indonesian language competence for prospective teachers as an effort to create a generation that cares and is responsible for national and state life.

Bahasa Indonesia, as the official language and primary means of communication in Indonesia, not only serves as a link between diverse ethnicities and cultures, but also as an effective medium for conveying democratic values ​​to students. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to understand the meaning behind the use of language in learning activities. The results of the study indicate that good mastery of Bahasa Indonesia can facilitate constructive discussions and interactions, support the teaching of democratic values, and create an inclusive learning environment. Through interactive learning strategies, prospective PPKn teachers can instill awareness of the importance of active participation in a democratic society, build mutual respect, and appreciate differences of opinion among students. This study emphasizes the importance of developing Indonesian language competence for prospective teachers as an effort to create a generation that cares and is responsible for national and state life.

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

This objective is to develop valid, practical and effective Rattan media (cultural wheel) in increasing learning motivation of fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili. The type of research used by the researcher is R&D (Research & Development) using the ADIE development model (Analysis, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). In this development research, the effectiveness test was carried out in class V and the practicality test was carried out on fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili as a test of practicality and product effectiveness. The results of the study showed that the validity of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) from 4 media and material validators obtained an average score of 93.87 (very valid). The questionnaire response of limited test students showing the practicality of the Rattan media (cultural wheel) obtained an average score of 93.33 (very practical). Thus, the rattan media learning media in sub-theme 2 can be used as a thematic learning media for fourth grade students at SDN Inpres Samili.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.