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This literature study examines the influence of pedagogical competence on the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Indonesia. The teacher's effort in carrying out a task well, a teacher or lecturer must have high pedagogical competence in order to achieve educational goals. Teaching and learning process activities can be designed well if there are already educational goals, learning content, learning methods, learning media, and other educational elements, as well as a good relationship between students and teachers. This research applies literature by deciphering from various aligned academic sources. Research results show that teachers or educators really need pedagogical competence to develop student learning experience and streamline the learning process at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

This literature study examines the influence of pedagogical competence on the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Indonesia. The teacher's effort in carrying out a task well, a teacher or lecturer must have high pedagogical competence in order to achieve educational goals. Teaching and learning process activities can be designed well if there are already educational goals, learning content, learning methods, learning media, and other educational elements, as well as a good relationship between students and teachers. This research applies literature by deciphering from various aligned academic sources. Research results show that teachers or educators really need pedagogical competence to develop student learning experience and streamline the learning process at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

Classroom management is a conscious effort to organize learning process activities systematically, including the preparation of teaching materials, provision of facilities and infrastructure, organizing learning spaces and creating a conducive learning atmosphere so that learning objectives can be achieved. Classroom management efforts lead to the preparation of learning materials, learning facilities and infrastructure, learning space arrangements, controlling student behavior, and improving student achievement and grades. The implementation of classroom management will create an effective, varied, and fun learning atmosphere. The purpose of the research conducted intends to find out (1) To what extent is the implementation of classroom management. (2) Whether the learning process is effective. (3) What are the inhibiting and supporting factors in implementing classroom management. (4) And what efforts are made by teachers and schools in improving the effectiveness of classroom management. The results showed that classroom management has not been carried out optimally, the teacher's teaching method is still monotonous so that it makes students less interested in listening to the material. Then there is still a lack of student discipline. Although the implementation of classroom management is still not optimal, teachers remain enthusiastic and continue to strive to do and implement classroom management optimally, so that what is the goal of the school will be achieved properly. The efforts that teachers will make in implementing classroom management in order to increase the effectiveness of learning are by preparing administrative tasks properly, using varied learning methods and media. And teachers apply student discipline.    

Classroom management is a conscious effort to organize learning process activities systematically, including the preparation of teaching materials, provision of facilities and infrastructure, organizing learning spaces and creating a conducive learning atmosphere so that learning objectives can be achieved. Classroom management efforts lead to the preparation of learning materials, learning facilities and infrastructure, learning space arrangements, controlling student behavior, and improving student achievement and grades. The implementation of classroom management will create an effective, varied, and fun learning atmosphere. The purpose of the research conducted intends to find out (1) To what extent is the implementation of classroom management. (2) Whether the learning process is effective. (3) What are the inhibiting and supporting factors in implementing classroom management. (4) And what efforts are made by teachers and schools in improving the effectiveness of classroom management. The results showed that classroom management has not been carried out optimally, the teacher's teaching method is still monotonous so that it makes students less interested in listening to the material. Then there is still a lack of student discipline. Although the implementation of classroom management is still not optimal, teachers remain enthusiastic and continue to strive to do and implement classroom management optimally, so that what is the goal of the school will be achieved properly. The efforts that teachers will make in implementing classroom management in order to increase the effectiveness of learning are by preparing administrative tasks properly, using varied learning methods and media. And teachers apply student discipline.    

This research aims to develop Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning articles with a Tri Hita Karana orientation to increase teachers' needs for interactive teaching materials at SD Negeri 2 Batur. In the independent curriculum, science and social studies learning is combined into Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects, with the hope that teachers can fulfill learning needs. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with the research subjects consisting of science and technology teachers. The techniques used in data collection were carried out through in-depth interviews and observation. The research results show that teachers need teaching materials that are more interactive, relevant to the local context, and able to integrate Tri Hita Karana values ​​in learning. The main challenges faced are limited technological facilities and a lack of teaching materials that link science concepts to students' daily lives. Based on research results, the development of local wisdom-based teaching materials such as Tri Hita Karana has the potential to increase students' active participation and support learning that is more meaningful, effective and relevant to the cultural context and local environment.

This research aims to develop Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning articles with a Tri Hita Karana orientation to increase teachers' needs for interactive teaching materials at SD Negeri 2 Batur. In the independent curriculum, science and social studies learning is combined into Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects, with the hope that teachers can fulfill learning needs. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with the research subjects consisting of science and technology teachers. The techniques used in data collection were carried out through in-depth interviews and observation. The research results show that teachers need teaching materials that are more interactive, relevant to the local context, and able to integrate Tri Hita Karana values ​​in learning. The main challenges faced are limited technological facilities and a lack of teaching materials that link science concepts to students' daily lives. Based on research results, the development of local wisdom-based teaching materials such as Tri Hita Karana has the potential to increase students' active participation and support learning that is more meaningful, effective and relevant to the cultural context and local environment.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

Understanding sentence function patterns plays a major role in reading a novel, especially in class XII. By studying the understanding of sentence function patterns, class XII students can understand the important role of sentence function patterns in a novel. This research aims to be an informative and interesting learning resource for class XII students to use novels as enrichment material and improve their language skills. This research considers the function patterns of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye and the feasibility of sentence readability as enrichment material for class XII students. The method used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive method. Qualitative descriptive methods do not rely on evidence-based systematic logic, numerical principles, or statistical methods. This research helps determine the function patterns of sentences through the functions, categories, and roles of sentences in the novel, as well as the data and data sources in this research in the form of collections of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. The data analysis technique used in this research uses the AGH method. The results of this research found sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. There are two S-P sentence patterns; there are three S-P-O sentence patterns; there are three S-P-Pel sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-Pel sentence patterns; there are three S-P-K sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-K sentence patterns; there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns; and there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns. Analysis of sentences based on function found the following sentence function patterns: S, P, O, and K. Analysis of sentences based on categories found in sentences is as follows: Function S is in the noun category. Function P is categorized as an adjective or verb. Function O is in the noun category. Ket functions are categorized as verbs, adjectives, and verb phrases. The analysis of sentences based on the roles found in the sentences is as follows: S's function is to act as an actor. Function P acts as a command or action. Function O acts as a sufferer. The functions of information are time, nature, and circumstances. Apart from that, the sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye are suitable as enrichment material for class not good, accuracy in finding sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in finding sentence function patterns, accuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, effectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels, and ineffectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels. The results of this research can provide knowledge and insight into an understanding of In this research, understanding sentence function patterns for class XII students is very important to ensure that the teaching materials presented can be understood and applied by the class.

Understanding sentence function patterns plays a major role in reading a novel, especially in class XII. By studying the understanding of sentence function patterns, class XII students can understand the important role of sentence function patterns in a novel. This research aims to be an informative and interesting learning resource for class XII students to use novels as enrichment material and improve their language skills. This research considers the function patterns of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye and the feasibility of sentence readability as enrichment material for class XII students. The method used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive method. Qualitative descriptive methods do not rely on evidence-based systematic logic, numerical principles, or statistical methods. This research helps determine the function patterns of sentences through the functions, categories, and roles of sentences in the novel, as well as the data and data sources in this research in the form of collections of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. The data analysis technique used in this research uses the AGH method. The results of this research found sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. There are two S-P sentence patterns; there are three S-P-O sentence patterns; there are three S-P-Pel sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-Pel sentence patterns; there are three S-P-K sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-K sentence patterns; there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns; and there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns. Analysis of sentences based on function found the following sentence function patterns: S, P, O, and K. Analysis of sentences based on categories found in sentences is as follows: Function S is in the noun category. Function P is categorized as an adjective or verb. Function O is in the noun category. Ket functions are categorized as verbs, adjectives, and verb phrases. The analysis of sentences based on the roles found in the sentences is as follows: S's function is to act as an actor. Function P acts as a command or action. Function O acts as a sufferer. The functions of information are time, nature, and circumstances. Apart from that, the sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye are suitable as enrichment material for class not good, accuracy in finding sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in finding sentence function patterns, accuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, effectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels, and ineffectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels. The results of this research can provide knowledge and insight into an understanding of In this research, understanding sentence function patterns for class XII students is very important to ensure that the teaching materials presented can be understood and applied by the class.

 Cross-age stories or also known as hikayat story texts have their own uniqueness when compared to other types of texts. The uniqueness of the hikayat story text is in the presentation of the language in the story that uses archaic language, the contents of the story, and the plot used in the story. These uniqueness certainly requires an effective strategy in the learning process. After the Covid-19 pandemic has changed many aspects of human life, one of the aspects that has an impact is the field of education. In the field of education that is very influential is an educator or teacher. A teacher is required to always update and actualize the times and technology in relation to the learning process. Teachers must find alternative solutions to various problems for the smoothness and achievement of learning. One alternative solution to this problem is the implementation of Google Classroom media with a hybrid learning system. The hybrid teaching and learning process can use the help of electronic technology, one of which is Google Classroom. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The purpose of this article is to describe the implementation of Google Classroom in teaching story texts for class X-5 at SMA N 11 Semarang. The results obtained from this article are that the implementation of Google classroom in learning story texts for class X-5 at SMA N 11 Semarang runs well and smoothly and can improve student learning outcomes.   Keywords: technology, media google classroom, hikayat story text

 Cross-age stories or also known as hikayat story texts have their own uniqueness when compared to other types of texts. The uniqueness of the hikayat story text is in the presentation of the language in the story that uses archaic language, the contents of the story, and the plot used in the story. These uniqueness certainly requires an effective strategy in the learning process. After the Covid-19 pandemic has changed many aspects of human life, one of the aspects that has an impact is the field of education. In the field of education that is very influential is an educator or teacher. A teacher is required to always update and actualize the times and technology in relation to the learning process. Teachers must find alternative solutions to various problems for the smoothness and achievement of learning. One alternative solution to this problem is the implementation of Google Classroom media with a hybrid learning system. The hybrid teaching and learning process can use the help of electronic technology, one of which is Google Classroom. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The purpose of this article is to describe the implementation of Google Classroom in teaching story texts for class X-5 at SMA N 11 Semarang. The results obtained from this article are that the implementation of Google classroom in learning story texts for class X-5 at SMA N 11 Semarang runs well and smoothly and can improve student learning outcomes.   Keywords: technology, media google classroom, hikayat story text

Educating the nation's life is one of the goals of the Indonesian state which is included in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in the fourth paragraph. Through education, everyone can learn to develop their potential to realize their happiness and perfection in life to become more qualified. Learning Indonesian has an important role in the process of teaching students about good and correct Indonesian language skills according to their goals and functions. The use of the TikTok application is one way to integrate technology in learning in class X SMA Negeri 11 Semarang negotiation text material. This study aims to find out whether the TikTok application can be used as an alternative learning medium that is effective in improving language skills and increasing students' interest in learning. This research also aims to motivate educators to create interesting learning media. This research uses qualitative descriptive method. Its data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the use of the TikTok application in learning negotiation texts with the research objects of class X students of SMA Negeri 11 Semarang can be well received. Monotonous and boring learning can be resolved using TikTok media

Educating the nation's life is one of the goals of the Indonesian state which is included in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in the fourth paragraph. Through education, everyone can learn to develop their potential to realize their happiness and perfection in life to become more qualified. Learning Indonesian has an important role in the process of teaching students about good and correct Indonesian language skills according to their goals and functions. The use of the TikTok application is one way to integrate technology in learning in class X SMA Negeri 11 Semarang negotiation text material. This study aims to find out whether the TikTok application can be used as an alternative learning medium that is effective in improving language skills and increasing students' interest in learning. This research also aims to motivate educators to create interesting learning media. This research uses qualitative descriptive method. Its data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the use of the TikTok application in learning negotiation texts with the research objects of class X students of SMA Negeri 11 Semarang can be well received. Monotonous and boring learning can be resolved using TikTok media

Teaching writing is not easy. Teacher needs to think the appropriate and effective medium that will be able to attract the students’ interest. Due to this case, an animated video was chosen as a medium to facilitate students' learning process to be more interactive and attract students' interest for composing, particularly to write Descriptive Texts. The research explored the use animated videos to teach descriptive text in grade seventh academic year 2023/2024 at MTsN 6 Tulungagung. The type of experiment utilized is a Quantitative with Pre-Experiment Designs. The sample consisted of 31 students as control group. There are three steps conducting this research: pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The expert formed the validation of the questions. Based of the data analysis results, the pre-experimental class’s mean scores 76.35 and 86.32 in the post-test. Researchers found that the score of Sig. (2-Tailed) is 0.001 less than 0.05, therefore H0 is denied by acceptance of Ha. So in this case it was concluded that the differences in the analysis of the mean between the results of the pre and post-test meant that there were effects of using the animated video as the medium of learning in writing Descriptive Text in class VII in the 2023/2024 school year at MTsN 6 Tulungagung.

Teaching writing is not easy. Teacher needs to think the appropriate and effective medium that will be able to attract the students’ interest. Due to this case, an animated video was chosen as a medium to facilitate students' learning process to be more interactive and attract students' interest for composing, particularly to write Descriptive Texts. The research explored the use animated videos to teach descriptive text in grade seventh academic year 2023/2024 at MTsN 6 Tulungagung. The type of experiment utilized is a Quantitative with Pre-Experiment Designs. The sample consisted of 31 students as control group. There are three steps conducting this research: pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The expert formed the validation of the questions. Based of the data analysis results, the pre-experimental class’s mean scores 76.35 and 86.32 in the post-test. Researchers found that the score of Sig. (2-Tailed) is 0.001 less than 0.05, therefore H0 is denied by acceptance of Ha. So in this case it was concluded that the differences in the analysis of the mean between the results of the pre and post-test meant that there were effects of using the animated video as the medium of learning in writing Descriptive Text in class VII in the 2023/2024 school year at MTsN 6 Tulungagung.

The maintenance of education must be tailored to the needs and interests of students so that they learn something that interests them. Therefore, today's educational systems focus educational objectives and processes on the child's factor and can foster freedom of interests and needs. This makes the Social Science subjects taught in primary school must be based on the needs and interests of the child about the environment in which he lives. Basically, the subject of Social Science must be taught with a full sense of responsibility to the student, because it is very closely related to the people and the environment where humans live and carry out the activities to meet their needs. This makes the role of the teacher not only as a teacher but also as a guide and at the same time as an administrator. The personal teacher as a unit also determines the learning result given. Therefore, the component of the teaching situation, the correct delivery method and the media used also determine the learning outcome.Thus it can be concluded, that learning will be successful when considering many interrelated teaching components. These components can be grouped into three main categories, namely: first, the teacher, second, the subject matter, and third, the student. The interaction between the three main components involves the means and objects, methods, media and setting up of the learning environment so that a learning situation is created that enables the achievement of a previously planned goal.

The maintenance of education must be tailored to the needs and interests of students so that they learn something that interests them. Therefore, today's educational systems focus educational objectives and processes on the child's factor and can foster freedom of interests and needs. This makes the Social Science subjects taught in primary school must be based on the needs and interests of the child about the environment in which he lives. Basically, the subject of Social Science must be taught with a full sense of responsibility to the student, because it is very closely related to the people and the environment where humans live and carry out the activities to meet their needs. This makes the role of the teacher not only as a teacher but also as a guide and at the same time as an administrator. The personal teacher as a unit also determines the learning result given. Therefore, the component of the teaching situation, the correct delivery method and the media used also determine the learning outcome.Thus it can be concluded, that learning will be successful when considering many interrelated teaching components. These components can be grouped into three main categories, namely: first, the teacher, second, the subject matter, and third, the student. The interaction between the three main components involves the means and objects, methods, media and setting up of the learning environment so that a learning situation is created that enables the achievement of a previously planned goal.

This study aims to see the development of student learning outcomes using Wordwall-based science and technology learning media in grade IV SDN 01 Muara Panas, Solok Regency. This type of research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Qualitative descriptive research is a series of activities carried out to obtain data that is as it is in accordance with the data in the field. The stages of data collection in this study are observation and interviews. The data collection analysis technique is to provide media, present data, and receive conclusions. The results of the study used Wordwall teaching media in improving the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 01 Muara Panas, Solok Regency. Researchers use Wordwall media because this teaching media can be accessed easily and free of charge by teachers. Wordwall media also presents a variety of diverse alternative media such as Open the Box, True or False, Random Wheel, Missing Word, Find the Match, and many other types. With the presentation of various alternative media, educators can be creative in presenting fun teaching media for students. Fun teaching media will make students more active in participating in learning.

This study aims to see the development of student learning outcomes using Wordwall-based science and technology learning media in grade IV SDN 01 Muara Panas, Solok Regency. This type of research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Qualitative descriptive research is a series of activities carried out to obtain data that is as it is in accordance with the data in the field. The stages of data collection in this study are observation and interviews. The data collection analysis technique is to provide media, present data, and receive conclusions. The results of the study used Wordwall teaching media in improving the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SDN 01 Muara Panas, Solok Regency. Researchers use Wordwall media because this teaching media can be accessed easily and free of charge by teachers. Wordwall media also presents a variety of diverse alternative media such as Open the Box, True or False, Random Wheel, Missing Word, Find the Match, and many other types. With the presentation of various alternative media, educators can be creative in presenting fun teaching media for students. Fun teaching media will make students more active in participating in learning.