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The Hungarian method is a mathematical optimization algorithm used to solve assignment problems by finding the optimal allocation of resources to tasks. This research examines the application of the Hungarian method for both balanced and unbalanced maximization assignment problems. The balanced assignment problem involves an equal number of workers and jobs, while the unbalanced problem deals with unequal numbers. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Hungarian method in solving maximization problems through mathematical modeling and algorithmic implementation. The research methodology includes literature review, mathematical analysis, and computational testing using various case scenarios. Results demonstrate that the Hungarian method can effectively solve both balanced and unbalanced maximization assignment problems by converting them into minimization problems through matrix transformation. The balanced cases show direct application of the classical Hungarian algorithm, while unbalanced cases require the addition of dummy variables to achieve matrix balance. The method proves to be efficient with polynomial time complexity O(n³), making it suitable for real-world applications. The research concludes that the Hungarian method provides optimal solutions for resource allocation problems in various organizational contexts, contributing to improved operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness in decision-making processes.  

For Indonesia, exports have a strategic role as a supporter of the national economy. In addition to being a source of foreign exchange, exports also support job creation, expand the domestic market, and strengthen the domestic industrial structure. One of the root problems that hinders Indonesia's export competitiveness is the low level of innovation in the production and processing sectors. The literature study method or literature review is an analysis technique used to gain a comprehensive understanding of a particular topic by studying and evaluating existing literature, such as journals, books, reports, and other sources relevant to the research topic. In the literature study on the Role of Innovation in Increasing Export Competitiveness. the role of technological innovation in exports is increasingly important considering the structural challenges faced so far, such as low added value of export products, minimal adoption of technology, and weak integration between industry, research, and government policy. Technological innovation plays a strategic role in increasing Indonesia's export competitiveness in the global market.

This study aims to reveal the influence of various factors in digital marketing on consumer purchases on the TikTok Shop platform. This study specifically aims to assess the impact of content marketing and online customer reviews on purchasing decisions with customer trust as an intervening variable on TikTok Shop customer in Pati. This study uses a quantitative method. The population studied was TikTok Shop consumers in the Pati area, with an unknown number. A total of 97 respondents were sampled through a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling approach. Data analysis was carried out using SmartPls 3 software. The results of the study showed that content marketing had an influence on purchasing decisions, while online customer reviews did not have a significant influence. In addition, content marketing and online customer reviews had an effect on purchasing decisions. However, customer trust was not proven to influence purchasing decisions. Content marketing and online customer reviews also had no influence on purchasing decisions through customer trust as an intervening variable on TikTok Shop customer in Pati.

Language development is one of the main pillars in early childhood growth. Strong language skills are not just about being able to speak, but also include the ability to listen, understand, and use language to think and interact. This ability becomes an important foundation for children's future success, both in formal education and social life. In the early childhood stage, the role of teachers in kindergartens (TK) is very crucial. Teachers are the child's first social environment outside the home, and the interactions they have every day will greatly influence the child's language development. This research will thoroughly explore the various strategic roles played by teachers in stimulating children's language development, and how these roles can be effectively applied in the classroom environment.

This study is secondary data sourced from the publication of financial reports and annual reports on the website www.ojk.go.id. Hypothesis results Based on the phenomenon of ROA, NPL, LDR graphs showing fluctuating NPL and CAR results in the 2020-2024 period still show fluctuating results in the 2020-2024 period. The lack of openness, ineffective supervision carried out by the Institution on managers will result in financial manipulation by managers which will later affect the decline in the company's financial performance. Insufficient DKI supervision causes GCG not to run optimally. Weak DD performance is indicated by the absence of openness principles between DD and shareholders. The existence of fraudulent practices, one of which arises from the performance of the KA which is dishonest or not independent.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Online Customer Review and Online Customer Rating on the Loyalty of Gen Z consumers on the Shopee e-commerce platform in Medan City. The research method used is quantitative with a sample size of 55 respondents. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 26. Validity and reliability tests indicated that the research instruments were valid and reliable. Classical assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity, were met. The regression analysis results showed that Online Customer Review and Online Customer Rating have a positive and significant effect on Consumer Loyalty, both partially and simultaneously. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.263 indicates that these two variables explain 26.3% of the variation in consumer loyalty.

This study aims to analyze the application of Organizational Theory at PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) in the context of organizational communication, organizational culture and employee performance. PT Kereta Api Indonesia as a state-owned company engaged in the transportation sector has unique challenges and opportunities in managing its human resources and operations. Through a qualitative approach, this study collected data from interviews with managers and employees, as well as analysis of internal company documents. The results of this study indicate that effective communication and a strong organizational culture contribute significantly to improving employee performance. In addition, the implementation of clear organizational values ​​and ongoing training are key factors in creating a productive work environment. This study is expected to provide insight for PT Kereta Api Indonesia management in optimizing organizational strategies to achieve better company goals.  

Iren Mailuhu (64210645), The Influence of Competency and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT. PLN (Persero) Customer Service Implementation Unit (UP3) Depok PT. PLN (Persero) PT. PLN (Persero) is a company owned by the state. The task of this company is to provide electricity distribution services and organize its main service units into several parts that are appropriate to the electric power system, such as generation, transmission and distribution. PT. PLN (Persero) in managing human resources needs to pay attention to the competency and work discipline of each employee in order to produce employees who are of good quality and superior performance. This research aims to determine the influence of competence and work discipline on employee performance at PT. PLN (Persero) Customer Service Implementation Unit (UP3) Depok. The research method used is a quantitative method with data collection using saturated samples or non-probability sampling. A total of 56 respondents were sampled and the data obtained was processed using SPSS version 27 with multiple linear regression analysis techniques, The results of the analysis show that Y = 6.651, X1 = 0.625, Based on the coefficient of determination test, it was found that the two independent variables had an influence of 68.1% on employee performance.

Nyemilee is a student-run homemade fruit salad business that uses a pre-order system and social media to align operations with academic schedules. This qualitative-descriptive study involved interviews, Instagram (@nyemilee.id) observation, and PO documentation. Findings show that PO enhances efficiency, Instagram acts as a digital storefront and customer service tool, while time and demand challenges are managed through scheduling and daily quotas.

This study aims to analyze the impact of shipping costs and prices on the behavior of consumers using Grab services in Medan City. The research employs a quantitative approach through a survey by distributing questionnaires to 99 respondents who have utilized Grab services (GrabFood or GrabExpress) in the last six months. Data analysis is conducted using validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²) with the assistance of SPSS version 25 software. The results indicate that shipping costs have a positive but insignificant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.172 > 0.05), while price has a positive and significant effect on consumer behavior (sig. 0.000 < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence consumer behavior with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination shows that 50.8% of consumer behavior is influenced by shipping costs and prices, while the remaining percentage is affected by other variables outside the model. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Grab maintain competitive pricing and continue to innovate its services to attract more consumers.    

The distribution of sugarcane from farmers to sugar mills in Indonesia continues to face various challenges, particularly in terms of logistical efficiency and farmers’ dependency on intermediaries. This study aims to analyze the role of intermediaries in determining the efficiency of sugarcane distribution, using a case study in Kedungmakam Village, Tuban Regency. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed, enabling an in-depth understanding of distribution practices directly in the field. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with farmers, intermediaries, and retail traders, as well as supporting documentation. The results indicate that intermediaries play a crucial role in providing production capital, scheduling harvests, and managing transportation of sugarcane to the mills. However, their dominance, in the absence of formal contracts, creates relationship imbalances and weakens the bargaining position of farmers. Furthermore, geographical barriers, limited access to market information, and the lack of independent distribution infrastructure exacerbate inefficiencies and reduce fairness in the existing distribution system. Therefore, strengthening farmer institutions, improving contract transparency, and enhancing access to logistics and information are recommended as long-term solutions.

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), officially adopted by the European Union in 2023, has gained various responses from exporters, mainly due to quite demanding perception on regulation. This study focuses on the smallholder group (cooperatives and farmers), as among most impacted parties considering the financial constraints, knowledge limitation, and technical capacity. The main emphasis focuses on the challenges to comply EUDR’s documentation requirements, which include land use maps, sustainability certificates, land ownership documents, geolocation maps, proof of coffee land ownership, and the Supply Chain Traceability Report. This study aims to explore in depth the opportunities, barriers, and handling strategies adopted by exporting cooperatives. Primary data were collected through structured interviews with five cooperative representatives from various regions of Indonesia and analyzed using a thematic analysis method, referring to three main components of the Dynamic Capabilities Theory: Sensing, Seizing, and Reconfiguring. The outcome of this research presents internal and external strategic recommendations for cooperatives to prepare for the official implementation of the EUDR.

Monopoly is a form of market structure characterized by sole control over certain goods or services. In conventional economics, monopoly is often considered as part of market dynamics that can be tolerated under certain conditions, such as natural monopoly. However, from an Islamic microeconomic perspective, monopoly is viewed more critically because it has the potential to cause injustice in the distribution of wealth and market access. This article aims to analyze the concept of monopoly in Islamic economics and examine its implications for market justice. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature studies, with sources from classical Islamic literature, the Qur'an, hadith, and contemporary economic theory. The results of the analysis show that Islam forbids monopolistic practices that are detrimental to society, especially in the form of ihtikar or hoarding, and encourages healthy competition and market supervision (hisbah). Thus, the principle of market justice in Islam is not only normative, but has a strong ethical and practical basis to prevent economic domination by a handful of parties.

The analysis intends to evaluate the impact of company values also workload on staff performance at Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Depok Margonda 2. Utilizing a quantitative statistical method, data collection involves observations and surveys provided to 33 employees. Using SPSS version 27, data assessment included aNOVA, correlation analysis, chi-square test, and R-squared value. Outcomes from the t-test reveal workplace culture (X1) adversely affects employee output (Y), yielding a t-value of -5.266, greater t-table 1.697 a significance value of 0.000. In conclusion, workload (X2) contributes positively and considerably to performance, reflected by a t-value of 5.765 > t-table 1.697 also a significance of 0.000. The F-test confirms that both variables jointly affect performance significantly (F-value 16.700 > F-table 3.316). The coefficient of determination (R²) measures 52.7%, revealing that work culture and workload together affect performance, with the remaining 47.3% influenced by different variables.

This study examines the impact of influencer marketing on consumer purchasing behaviour in the rapidly evolving digital marketplace. Using a quantitative method, the study was conducted through surveys of social media users exposed to influencer content. Several key dimensions of influencer marketing were evaluated, including trust in influencers, content relevance, and audience engagement. The results indicate that influencer marketing substantially impacts brand awareness, purchase intention and actual purchase decisions. These study provide companies with insights to help them optimise their digital marketing strategies by collaborating with the right influencers.

This study explores the optimization of non-normal assignments utilizing the Hungarian method for both maximization and minimization. The Hungarian algorithm is a combinatorial optimization technique that efficiently solves assignment problems, ensuring optimal allocation of resources. By applying this method to non-normal assignment scenarios, we aim to demonstrate its effectiveness in enhancing productivity and reducing costs in various industries. The findings indicate that the Hungarian method can significantly improve decision-making processes in complex assignment frameworks, leading to more efficient operations.

This study aims to examine the challenges and strategies of Management Study Program students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU) in understanding online lecture materials. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of closed questionnaires distributed to 25 respondents of fourth semester students. The results showed that although there were still technical problems such as unstable internet connections, the majority of students were able to adapt to the online learning system. The most dominant learning strategies used are active and independent strategies, such as reading, taking notes, repeating material, watching learning videos, and managing study time. In addition, group discussions through media such as WhatsApp and Telegram also help clarify understanding of the material. Students also rely on learning materials provided by lecturers through digital platforms (PDF, video, and LMS) as the main source of independent learning. This study concludes that students' success in understanding online lecture materials is strongly influenced by a combination of active learning strategies, group collaboration, and material support provided by lecturers. Therefore, continuous collaboration between students, lecturers, and institutions is needed to create a more effective and inclusive online learning system.

Passengers or users of air transportation services are increasingly experiencing flight delays and cancellations. Where the Super Air Jet airline experienced damage resulting in flight cancellations, which resulted in passengers experiencing losses in terms of both material and time. This study aims to determine how air transportation is responsible for flight delays and cancellations at the airport. This study uses a qualitative method, where this study is descriptive. Data collection in this study was through interviews, observations and documentations in the field. The results of this study indicate that air transportation is required to provide passengers with rights, namely compensation in accordance with applicable provisions in the form of food and drinks and Rp. 300.000,00 (three hundred thounsand rupiah). However,in practice passenger rights are not in accordance with receiving compensation provided by the airline. This study concludes that there must be supervision, law enforcement and firmness so that passenger rights can be protected and receive optimal justice in the world of aviation.

Since the lifting of the pandemic status, Indonesia’s aviation industry has experienced significant growth, marked by a rise in both domestic and international passengers. Bali, particularly I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, has emerged as a major destination, with a 22% increase in total passengers between 2023 and 2024. Jeju Air is one of the international airlines that recently launched a route to Bali, making service quality crucial, especially in ground handling activities like the check-in process. This research investigates the impact of check-in counter personnel service quality on the satisfaction of Jeju Air passengers at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport. Conducted between May 1st and 30th, the study employed a quantitative method using simple linear regression analysis. Data were collected, analyzed, presented, and concluded systematically. The theoretical framework combines the Servqual model of service quality (Zeithaml et al.) and passenger satisfaction theory by Kotler. Results show a positive influence of service quality on satisfaction, evidenced by a t-value (5.776) exceeding the t-table value (2.425), thus supporting the alternative hypothesis. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.254, indicating that 25.4% of the variation in passenger satisfaction is explained by the quality of check-in counter services.

This study aims to analyze the level of work discipline among employees at UD. Putra Tunggal. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through structured interviews and validated using source and technique triangulation. The informants consisted of six individuals selected through purposive. Data analysis was conducted through four steps: data collection, condensation, presentation, and conclusion. The findings reveal that employee discipline remains insufficient, influenced by lenient sanctions, lack of rewards, and weak supervision. These issues hinder overall productivity and suggest that stronger enforcement and reward systems are needed.