Green Port Development and Environmental Compliance: Assessing the Impact of IMO 2023 GHG Strategy on Indonesian Port Management Practices

This research assesses stakeholder perspectives on green port development and environmental compliance challenges presented by the International Maritime Organization's 2023 Greenhouse Gas Strategy within Indonesian maritime contexts. Employing qualitative-dominant mixed methods, the study gathered insights through Focus Group Discussions, interviews, and surveys with thirty-four participants comprising maritime students, lecturers, and veteran practitioners at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Jakarta. Thematic analysis revealed strong consensus on green port development importance (mean priority score: 4.37/5.0), with environmental training programs identified as highest priority (4.57/5.0). However, significant regulatory knowledge gaps emerged, particularly among students (awareness score: 2.7/5.0) and practitioners (3.3/5.0). Financial constraints dominated implementation challenges (32%), followed by technical infrastructure gaps (26%) and regulatory compliance capacity limitations (18%). Findings emphasize that successful environmental compliance requires systematic capacity development, innovative financing mechanisms, and phased implementation strategies addressing resource constraints characteristic of emerging economy contexts. The research highlights maritime education institutions' critical role in developing environmental competencies, regulatory literacy, and sustainable operational practices preparing Indonesian ports for green transformation aligned with international regulatory expectations.