This study aims to analyze the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on Employee Green Behavior (EGB), mediated by Green Work Engagement (GWE) and moderated by Individual Green Values. GHRM plays a crucial role in encouraging employees to engage in environmentally friendly practices, yet its impact on EGB is not always consistent. Using a quantitative-explanatory approach, data were collected through questionnaires with a Likert scale distributed to 66 employees involved in sustainability programs at the resort. The results of this study indicate that GHRM and GWE can influence the EGB, GWE can mediates the relationship between GHRM and EGB, IGV can moderates the relationship between GHRM and EGB. Future studies are encouraged to examine the role of employee ambidexterity as a moderating factor in the relationship between GHRM and GWE on EGB. Moreover, it is recommended that future research adopts a longitudinal design and a mixed-methods approach to provide more in-depth insights into employee environmental behavior.

Force is one of the most fundamental concepts in physics, used to describe and explain a wide range of phenomena. Students can use force diagrams to learn about fundamental force concepts and solve problems related to forces. However, a limited study has focused on students’ views in drawing force diagrams. This study aims to explore students’ views about force diagrams while solving physics problems. A qualitative study was conducted to explore students’ views on drawing and using force diagrams when solving force problems, involving 18 physics education students. Before the semi-structured interviews were conducted, the students were given two force problems to solve. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for analysis. Data from the interview was analyzed using NVivo software. This study identified five themes related to students’ views on force diagrams: purposes, conventions, physics concepts, mathematical concepts, and incomplete diagrams. The most frequently mentioned theme by students was the purpose of drawing force diagrams. Students’ knowledge about force concepts and trigonometry also affected their diagrams. Students had different ways to draw diagrams, either on the dot or on the object, and had reasons for drawing the incomplete force diagrams. These findings suggest that students should possess sufficient knowledge of physics and mathematics to draw force diagrams effectively. Students should also understand when force diagrams are applicable and recognize the advantages of drawing them. This study suggests that to support students' effective understanding of force diagrams, educators should employ appropriate strategies and equip students with the skills to create and utilize force diagrams while learning about force concepts and solving problems.

This study analyzes AI-generated writing assessments' scoring reliability and feedback consistency using ChatGPT. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, 23 student descriptive texts were evaluated across three assessment rounds. Quantitative findings showed high scoring reliability, with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.93, indicating excellent consistency across repeated evaluations. Qualitative analysis revealed that ChatGPT consistently addressed five core writing criteria—content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. However, the feedback varied in focus and detail across rounds, and the absence of reference to prior feedback limited its support for revision as a recursive process. The findings suggest that although ChatGPT demonstrates reliable scoring and generally stable feedback themes, it lacks the continuity to facilitate sustained writing development. To enhance its pedagogical value, AI-based feedback systems should be designed to build upon previous responses, thereby enabling more effective support for students' progressive improvement in writing.

Disaster-prone regions require an education system that equips students with both scientific understanding and disaster preparedness. However, integration of disaster mitigation content into subject-specific learning, particularly physics, remains limited. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of physics teaching materials integrated with disaster mitigation education to enhance students’ disaster literacy skills. A mixed-method approach with an exploratory sequential design was employed. The development process followed the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) to systematically design and implement teaching materials. The study was conducted in two high schools in South Lampung Regency, Lampung, Indonesia involving four classes (two experimental and two control groups) with a total of 128 students, consisting of 63 students in the experimental groups and 65 in the control groups. The T-test results show that the use of disaster mitigation-based teaching materials had a statistically significant effect on students' disaster literacy abilities, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05).  Furthermore, the results of the effect size analysis (Cohen’s d = 0.62 and 0.66) fall within the moderate category, confirming that this intervention had a significant impact on enhancing students’ disaster literacy skills related to disaster mitigation. The implementation of this teaching material not only enhances students’ understanding of physics concepts but also increases their awareness and preparedness for disasters, particularly around disaster literacy, making it a strategic innovation in disaster education. This research contributes significantly to the development of disaster education curricula in Indonesia, particularly within the context of physics education.

This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of the impact of nitrogen residue/diversification on the diversity of aquatic biota and contribute to the management of aquatic ecosystems as a source of life. Water quality sampling was carried out by grab sampling with water quality parameters measured including total nitrogen (TN), ammonia (NH?), nitrate (NO??), and nitrite (NO??). TN analysis was carried out using the Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), nitrate, and nitrite calculation methods. NH? was measured using the Flow Injection Analysis method, while NO?? was analyzed using the Cadmium Reduction Method and NO?? with the colorimetric method.Plankton sampling was done by filtering 20 liters of water from the surface layer using a 2-liter bucket. The plankton species diversity index was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener Index method. The effect of environmental factors on nitrogen chemical fertilizer residues in each research location was analyzed using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed an increase in ammonia and nitrite residues followed by a decrease in total nitrogen and nitrate concentrations. Seven classes and 22 plankton species were identified, consisting of 18 phytoplankton species and four zooplankton species. The dominant plankton came from Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Chlorophyceae. The highest plankton species diversity index was recorded in Irrigation IX and VII. Based on the study results, plankton diversity at the research location is included in the moderate category. The main environmental factors that influence the presence of plankton in irrigation channels are the concentration of nitrate and nitrogen in the water.

This study aims to analyze the role of stakeholders in the organization of multi-event sports competitions and evaluate the model of rewarding athletes by the central government in Indonesia. Through a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation, this study involved informants from the Indonesian National Olympic Committee and the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The results show that multi-event management is divided into three main stages, namely preparation, execution, and post-event evaluation, with the NOC playing a central role in the coordination and execution of these activities. On the other hand, the rewarding models applied by the government include medal bonuses, appointment as civil servants, and special access to state agencies. This research recommends the development of a more comprehensive and sustainable reward system, including career transition support and post-retirement mentoring. The findings emphasize the importance of collaboration between stakeholders and policy reforms to support the development of national sports.

This study discusses the use of traditional dance movements as a source of inspiration and educational media for students at SMP Negeri 1 Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Traditional dance movements were chosen because they have strong cultural values and play an important role in shaping character and enriching artistic insights for the younger generation. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the challenges faced in the process of teaching and implementing traditional dance in schools, as well as to identify various innovations in the implementation of dance performances that can increase students' interest and participation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation.The results of the study show that the main challenge faced is the lack of support resources and students' interest in traditional dance, but innovations in performance concepts such as the use of visual technology, incorporation with modern music, and collaboration between students are able to create an interesting and relevant experience. This study concludes that traditional dance movements can not only be used as a medium for cultural preservation, but also as a creative means to develop students' potential in dance.

Although many studies have examined school leadership, few have specifically explored the implementation of leadership in private vocational high schools, particularly regarding performance improvement strategies and their relation to teacher development and educational quality. This study analyzes the principal's leadership in improving school quality through performance enhancement. A qualitative case study method was employed, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, and validated through source triangulation. The results show that the principal of PAB 8 Sampali Private Vocational High School plays a strategic role as a leader, manager, and motivator in enhancing educational quality. He effectively manages resources, implements innovations such as the “Work, Study, Entrepreneurship” program, motivates teachers, and fosters collaboration to create a conducive learning environment. Despite challenges such as policy changes and diverse student characteristics, these were addressed through teacher training and strategic adjustments. His leadership has had a significant positive impact, as evidenced by the school’s accreditation improvement from grade C to A, increased student enrollment, and enhanced achievements. Implementing the Eight National Education Standards has strengthened school quality and fulfilled stakeholder expectations. Conclusion: The principal’s leadership effectively improves educational quality through innovation, sound management, and the ability to adapt to various challenges.

This research aims to analyze the comprehensive proof of deeds by unauthorized organs in bankruptcy cases and the direct responsibility of Notaries of corporate organs, making deeds made by unauthorized organs of limited liability companies as evidence in bankruptcy cases, with a case study on the bankruptcy decision of PT Gusher Tarakan. This research is presented to improve the low understanding of the formal and material validity of the Authentic Deed in the process of proof in the commercial court, which has implications for the potential for injustice and legal uncertainty. This research uses a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. The research findings reveal that the documents filed in the bankruptcy case of PT Gusher Tarakan are formally authentic deeds prepared before a Notary. However, the deeds were made by company organs that had been dismissed and no longer had legal authority. Therefore, the deeds no longer have authentic power and only have the status of deeds underhanded. The use of a Deed by an unauthorized party should not be used as a legal basis in a bankruptcy petition, and the Notary is responsible for the formal and material correctness of the contents of the Deed. This study emphasizes the importance of Notaries to verify the authority of the parties and underscores the need for caution in using authentic deeds as evidence in bankruptcy cases.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komprehensif pembuktian akta oleh organ tidak sah dalam perkara kepailitan, dan tanggung jawab Notaris secara langsung organ perusahaan pembuat akta yang dibuat oleh organ perseroan terbatas yang tidak berwenang sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara kepailitan, dengan studi kasus pada putusan pailit PT Gusher Tarakan.  Penelitian ini hadir untuk meningkatkan rendahnya pemahaman terhadap validitas formil dan materiil akta autentik dalam proses pembuktian di pengadilan niaga, yang berimplikasi pada potensi terjadinya ketidakadilan dan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa dokumen-dokumen yang diajukan dalam perkara pailit PT Gusher Tarakan secara formal merupakan akta autentik yang disusun di hadapan Notaris. Namun, pembuatan akta-akta tersebut dilakukan oleh organ perusahaan yang telah diberhentikan dan tidak lagi memiliki otoritas hukum. Oleh karena itu, akta-akta tersebut tidak lagi memiliki kekuatan autentik dan hanya berstatus sebagai akta di bawah tangan. Penggunaan akta oleh pihak yang tidak berwenang seharusnya tidak dapat dijadikan dasar hukum dalam permohonan pailit, dan Notaris memiliki tanggung jawab atas kebenaran formil dan materiil isi akta. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya Notaris untuk melakukan verifikasi atas kewenangan para pihak dan menggarisbawahi perlunya kehati-hatian dalam menggunakan akta autentik sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara kepailitan.

The uniqueness of primogeniture in traditional inheritance systems is urgent to examine, as it reflects enduring gendered power structures that persist amid legal modernization and evolving social norms. This research analyzes the uniqueness and resilience of the primogeniture inheritance system in traditional communities, particularly in Ratenggaro Traditional Village, Indonesia. It is situated within the legal pluralism context of Indonesia and the human rights-based critique of customary laws that prioritize male heirs. The study is urgent because modernization challenges traditional norms, demanding a reevaluation of gender equity in inheritance. Using a descriptive qualitative method with in-depth interviews and participant observation, this study finds that primogeniture governs not only material assets but also spiritual roles and kinship status. Despite modern pressure, elders uphold it as a symbol of identity and harmony. A unique finding is that although women do not inherit property, they are symbolically acknowledged through ritual practices involving gifts such as woven cloth and livestock. This study offers novelty by providing a legal-anthropological analysis of primogeniture in a remote indigenous context, contributing to discussions on legal pluralism, gender justice, and cultural sustainability. It suggests the need for dialogical reform that harmonizes adat law with constitutional equality.