The Javanese Krama Inggil language is currently rarely used. Students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah prefer neutral Javanese and ngoko innocent rather than Javanese Krama Inggil. The reason they prefer ngoko plain is because it is easier to pronounce and easier to understand. This research aims to describe the Javanese language skills of Krama English students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This research was designed using a qualitative phenomenological approach. The object studied was students' ability to speak Javanese Krama Inggil and the subjects of this research were students at one of the private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Lamongan. This research uses qualitative methods to collect observation, interview, and documentation data. The data analysis technique used is phenomenology data analysis, which prioritizes data analysis through experienced phenomena. The research results show that some students still have minimal Javanese language skills and are not yet in accordance with the rules. However, students' Javanese language skills will increase substantially as time goes by. Learners often feel imperfections in their understanding of the language, and they believe that some aspects of the language can be changed to make it more interesting and easier to pronounce.

This research aims to analyze the character values of the Punakawan wayang which then becomes a consideration for its use as a learning medium in Javanese language subjects in elementary schools. This research uses qualitative methods which are then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of the discussion from this research are that the use of stories from the Punakawan wayang as a learning medium will have a positive impact if the teacher can highlight the good character values of the wayang which can be emulated by students, and vice versa

Imagery training is rarely used by coaches to improve the quality of passing techniques in soccer. This study aims for soccer coaches or athletes to apply imagery training to achieve maximum performance.The research method in this study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research method. The population in this study were all SSB Bintang Kalinegoro athletes totaling 60. The sample used was 24 athletes. Data collection used a grid concentration test and a passing test. Quantitative data analysis consisted of a normality test, a homogeneity test, and a hypothesis test.The results showed cognitive specific sig p of 0.001, motivational general mastery sig p of 0.010, high concentration sig p of 0.008, low concentration sig p of 0.001, the interaction of imagery and concentration on passing results obtained sig p of 0.001 which means that all of them have interactions.Conclusion: There is an influence of cognitive specific, motivational general mastery, high concentration, and low concentration training methods on the passing training results of Bintang Kalinegoro soccer school players. The Cognitive Specific training method is better applied to high concentration groups, while the Motivational general mastery training method is better applied to low concentration groups.

Physical fitness is defined as the body's ability to perform daily physical activities without feeling excessively tired. This study aimed to determine the contribution of physical activity to physical fitness in children with intellectual disabilities in Semarang. This study used a correlational research type and a purposive sampling technique. The sample criteria in this study included children with special needs classified as intellectual disabilities with an IQ of 50-70 in grades 4, 5, and 6 of elementary school-aged 10-12 years with a total of 50 students. This research instrument used a physical activity questionnaire Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and physical fitness using the Indonesian Student Fitness Test (TKSI) for intellectual disabilities. Data analysis used SPSS version 26 with normality, linearity, and Pearson correlation tests. The study’s results found that a significant value of 0.000 <0.05 and a Pearson correlation value of 0.243 had a positive relationship and a fairly strong relationship level and contributed 25.9% of physical activity to physical fitness. The higher the physical activity, the more positive impact it will have on the physical fitness of children with intellectual disabilities in Semarang. Physical activities such as aerobic exercise programs that are designed to be fun and interactive can increase participation in physical activity and physical fitness in children with intellectual disabilities. Further research suggestions can add analysis to other variables that affect physical fitness such as diet, sleep quality, and stress levels to provide a deeper understanding.

Members of the Flag Hoisting Team are selected through a strict selection. The selection participants must have certain physical criteria, such as ideal height and weight, firm posture, and excellent health. To become a candidate for Flag Hoisting Teamka, you can do it by examining the anatomical shape of the pedic arch. This study aims to analyze the shape of the pes cavus foot with the physical performance of the candidate for Flag Hoisting Teamka in Central Lampung regency.  This study uses a quantitative method with a correlational descriptive approach. The research population consisted of 60 members who were preparing for the Flag Hoisting Teamka selection test in Central Lampung Regency, but only 37 samples met the research criteria. Samples were taken from students of SMAN Negeri 1 Punggur and Madrasah Aliyah Ma'arif 9 Kotagajah. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using microsoft excel, normality test, and correlation test, with SPSS software assistance version 27. The results showed a strong correlation, with the normality test indicating that the variables of Leg Shape (.134), Endurance (.181), Focus (.053), Balance (.053), Coordination (.200), and Muscle Strength (.200) were in the normal category. In addition, the correlation test produced a significance value (Sig.) of 0.001, which indicates a statistically significant relationship. The results showed that the group of women needed special attention because their endurance was in the very low category, which was influenced by biological factors such as muscle strength, hemoglobin, and lung capacity.
 

The impact of globalization has reduced students' appreciation of local culture, including folklores. Students' knowledge of folklore that developed in Semarang is still minimal so teachers need to apply suitable learning methods and media. The solution to the problem is to develop learning media in the form of animated videos of Semarangan folklore material. This research uses the method of Research and Development or development research. The data from this study were obtained from the needs analysis, namely teachers and students of SMP Negeri 12 Semarang using an instrument in the form of a questionnaire, and the results of validation tests from material experts and , media experts. The result of this research is that students and teachers need learning media in the form of animated audiovisual media.  The prototype of animated media was designed based on the needs analysis of students and teachers. The selection of fonts, colors is adjusted to the interests of teachers and students, namely the selection of fonts, and a combination of bright colors.  Based on the validation test results from material and media experts, the media that has been designed is included in the category that is very feasible as a learning media.

Pandhalungan Local Wisdom is one of the courses offered by Muhammadiyah Jember University's Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program. Learning in this course has various challenges due to its newness, one of which is the lack of textbooks. This study aims to conduct a needs assessment of the textbooks for the course. The goals are to describe the competency criteria, student characteristics, student evaluation against the course, and subject matter suggestions for the course textbook. The results show that the characteristics of students are: 1) the average age of 20–21 years, which is classified as young adults; 2) knowledge of Pandhalungan: high category 50.11%, medium 32.33%, and low 17.56%; 3) perception of the benefits of course learning: very important 32.44%, quite important 52.22%, less important 15.34%; and 4) learning motivation: high 69.13%, medium 21.85%, low 9.02%. It is also concluded that the recommended subject matter for this textbook is eight topics: 1). Pandhalungan Culture and Identity; 2). Pandhalungan Cultural History.) Pandhalungan Art and Cultural Expression; 4) Pandhalungan Traditions and Rituals 5) Pandhalungan Cultural Diversity 6) Changes and Dynamics of Pandhalungan Culture 7) Preservation of Pandhalungan Culture; and 8) Culture and Communication of Pandhalungan Society

This research aimed to identify the specific methodological features of training teachers in artistic disciplines, focusing on the specialty 025 “Musical Art” within the context of European integration processes. This study aimed to analyse existing educational and professional programmes, evaluate the quality of specialist training, and examine the incorporation and effectiveness of innovative and interactive technologies in forming the professional competencies of future educators in culture and arts. A qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted using data from educational programmes at Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, the National Academy of Managers of Culture and Arts, and Lviv National Academy of Arts. The study included the examination of student surveys, institutional reports, and labour market statistics to assess educational practices, digital technology integration, and alignment with European standards. The impact of external factors such as martial law and the COVID-19 pandemic on the educational process was also considered. The results indicate that while foundational professional competencies and general skills are developed effectively, there is insufficient integration of innovative technologies, “soft” skills, and interdisciplinary approaches. The study revealed challenges in distance learning implementation, resource limitations, and the need for enhanced cooperation with international institutions. The use of virtual and augmented reality and dual education methods remains underutilized. The findings provide a basis for updating educational programmes and methodological support to improve training quality and competitiveness of art discipline educators in the European educational space.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biomaterial containing calcium phosphate with the chemical formula which is similar to the structure of human bone, so it is good for the purpose of healing human bones and teeth. HAp synthesis has several methods that can affect the results of HAp synthesis, such as the method of mixing CaO with phosphate, namely mixing with ultrasonic machines and magnetic stirrers. However, the discussion about the difference of HAp results with the mixing method of ultrasonic machine and magnetic stirrer is still rarely done. Therefore, it is important to examine and compare the characteristics of HAp synthesized by ultrasonic and magnetic stirrer mixing. The result of XRD test shows that HA1 has a purity of weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 99.8%, while HA2 has a weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 97.7%. For the FTIR test results of both specimens detected the presence of phosphate groups, and hydoxide, where both are the basic form of hydroxyapatite. Carbonate groups were also detected in the test, but it cannot be said to be bad because carbonate is a natural substitute for phosphate. 

Students' lack of interest in learning to write the text of the Class X newspaper depends on the completeness of the content (elements of the newspaper), spelling and punctuation, and structure of the newspaper. This study aims to describe the results of applying the project-based learning model in learning to write news texts for Class X students of SMA N 01 Tanjung in the 2023-2024 academic year. This study is included in the experimental research with the descriptive quantitative approach. The data obtained in this study were collected by observation (observation) and questionnaire (questionnaire), while purposive sampling was used. The type used in this study is a one-shot case study. After data analysis, the results of this study are as follows: 1) in the aspect of knowledge, there are 28 students, or 78%, who obtained scores above the KKM, while 8 students, or 22%, have not completed the KKM. From the percentage, the completeness of the value was obtained at 77.27. 2). In the aspect of skills, there were 30 students, or 83%, obtained grades above KKM, while 6 students, or 17%, had not reached KKM completeness. From the present, the completeness value was obtained by 81.33. Thus, applying the project-based learning model in learning to write news text for class X9 students can influence the achievement of the specified learning goals.