Indonesia is one of the world's main producers of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii), but in the last five years, Indonesian cinnamon exports have decreased by around 10.13% per year. This decline is influenced by various factors that are closely related to competitiveness. As one of the plantation sub-sector commodities, cinnamon plays an important role in national economic development, especially in improving people's welfare. Cinnamon is used as an ingredient in food, beverages, medicines, cosmetics, and other industries. In addition to supporting income, this plant also contributes to environmental preservation, especially in river basins and conservation areas.Most of Indonesia's cinnamon exports come from areas such as Kerinci, West Sumatra, Central Java, and Yogyakarta, which are dominated by smallholder plantations. One of the MSMEs in Simarito Village, North Sumatra, is a cinnamon exporter with a capacity of 500-1000 tons per year. The success of this MSME is supported by the implementation of an effective STP (Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning) marketing strategy, product innovation, and a focus on quality and customer satisfaction. In an increasingly competitive market, developing marketing strategies and improving quality are the main keys to maintaining the sustainability of Indonesian cinnamon exports.

This study examines the impact of implementing E-Business systems on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in Indonesia, highlighting the challenges and opportunities presented by the digital era. The aim of this research is to identify the benefits of E-Business for UMKM, assess the barriers to its adoption, and propose strategies for effective implementation. A qualitative research method was employed, utilizing literature review and thematic analysis to gather relevant data from various sources. The findings indicate that E-Business can significantly enhance market access, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction for UMKM. However, challenges such as limited knowledge and technological resources hinder effective implementation. This study concludes that UMKM should invest in training programs to improve digital skills and collaborate with the private sector to enhance digital infrastructure. It is recommended that UMKM focus on creative content development and engage with younger generations for effective marketing through social media.

The Land and Building Tax (PBB) serves as a vital source of regional revenue, supporting essential government initiatives such as infrastructure development, education, healthcare, and various public services. Despite its importance, community compliance with PBB payments in Sei Sikambing B Sub-district remains low. This raises the need to identify the factors hindering compliance and explore strategies to address them. This study aims to uncover the challenges affecting PBB payment compliance and assess the effectiveness of government measures in raising public awareness. A qualitative approach was employed, involving data collection through interviews with residents and staff from the Sei Sikambing B Village office. The findings reveal several key obstacles to taxpayer compliance, including limited public awareness, inadequate enforcement of tax regulations, financial constraints, insufficient dissemination of tax-related information, and inefficiencies in the tax collection system.
 

The church tradition in Germany not only includes liturgical and theological aspects, but also serves as an important foundation for the cultural and moral identity of German society. The differences of views and clashes between church denominations and political forces have opened up space for a deeper understanding of the meaning of tolerance, reconciliation, and fidelity to the values of faith. On the other hand, the renewal of the German church reflects an effort to remain relevant in the face of the challenges of the times, such as secularism, religious pluralism, and moral crises, including through theological and liturgical reforms. This article aims to explore how the history of the church in Germany, with all its traditions, conflicts, and renewals, can be an inspiration for Christians today. The research was carried out using qualitative methods and historical approaches, using literature studies that include analysis of primary sources such as historical records, and writings of church figures, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, journals, and scientific articles. By understanding this historical journey, believers can learn about the importance of maintaining faith in the midst of changing times, strengthening unity in diversity, and reviving the spirit of spiritual renewal that is relevant to strengthen faith in today's life.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in banking has grown rapidly in recent years, providing opportunities and challenges in dealing with it. AI in the banking world is expected to facilitate use, strengthen customer data security, and optimize risk management. This article aims to analyze the level of customer user experience towards banking services by utilizing artificial intelligence (AI). The analysis technique used in this study is descriptive with a quantitative approach, involving 100 respondents of various ages, various jobs and various educational backgrounds. The main requirement for respondents is that they are customers of various conventional banks in Ponorogo Regency who have used artificial intelligence (AI)-based banking services. Data were collected through questionnaires supplemented with secondary data in the form of documents related to the implementation of artificial intelligence in the banking service system. The application of AI in the banking sector is the detection and prevention of fraudulent transactions in real time, identity verification through biometrics, identity verification through biometrics, chatbots and virtual assistants for customer service, detecting suspicious activity, and the use of smart wallets. The findings in this study explain that artificial intelligence (AI) is able to increase the efficiency of services to customers, provide a better experience, and improve the quality of banking services. Customers are greatly helped by the use of artificial intelligence (AI)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of capital structure and liquidity on profitability at PT Matahari Department Store Tbk during the 2019-2023 period. A qualitative approach is used in this study. The data used is secondary data in the form of the company's annual financial statements. According to the results of the T test, it shows that the capital structure has a significant influence on profitability of 0.013 (? < 0.05) while liquidity has no significant effect of 0.5944 (? > 0.05). These findings confirm the importance of optimal capital structure management in encouraging company profitability. On the contrary, high liquidity has not been used productively to increase profits. This study recommends an in-depth evaluation of capital and liquidity management strategies to achieve better financial performance.

Creating a positive work environment through effective conflict management plays a crucial and important role in fostering a productive and harmonious workplace. It was found that conflict resolution techniques such as mediation, negotiation, and a collaborative approach can reduce tension and strengthen relationships among employees. Open communication also proves to be a key factor in managing conflicts constructively, with companies that have transparent communication policies being more capable of creating a harmonious work atmosphere. A proactive approach by managers in handling potential conflicts, as well as ongoing training in conflict resolution, also plays a significant role in creating a healthy and productive environment.

This research aims to analyze the social and cultural elements contained in the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata. As a literary work that reflects the reality of life in the Belitong Malay community, this novel contains various social values, such as solidarity, the importance of education, and social inequality, as well as cultural values, including local traditions, religiosity, and local wisdom. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with content analysis techniques. The research results show that the novel Laskar Pelangi not only presents an inspiring story about the struggle for education, but also becomes a medium for preserving and representing the social and cultural identity of the Belitong Malay community. This makes this novel relevant as study material in understanding the social and cultural dynamics of Indonesian society.

In the fruit processing industry, peel is one of the main by-products. Non-edible portions of fruit are likewise seen as waste and are frequently thrown out into the environment. Nowadays, one of the main sources used by the pharmaceutical sector to isolate and extract secondary metabolites is fruit peels. Many applications known for lime peel, especially for antibacterial. This study focuses on the isolation, chemical composition characterization, and antibacterial activity on skin pathogenic bacteria of lime peel essential oil (LPEO). LPEO were isolated using steam distillation and characterized by GC/MS. A total of 24 components were identified. The major constituents of the LPEO were d-limonene (40.24%), ?-terpinene (15.68%), sabinene (13.15%), citral (3.41%), ?-Terpineol (3.40%), and terpinene-4-ol (2.94%). The antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby-Baurer method against several bacteria that can cause skin infections. The antibacterial activity of LPEO against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionicbacterium acne is confirmed. LPEO showed varied levels of antibacteria activity against the gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Zone of inhibition (ZOI) in millimetres was used to measure the antibacterial activity, and amoxicillin was used as a control.
 

This research aims to see the effect of the project based learning model on the ability to understand concepts in fraction material in fourth grade elementary school. This type of research is a quantitative approach and uses a quasi-experiment method. The design in this study was a nonequivalent control group design, namely using two classes, namely class IVB as the experimental class and IVA as the control class which was obtained randomly. The experimental class will be given PjBL learning model treatment and the control class will receive conventional treatment. This study gave a pre-test to both classes before giving treatment to both classes and gave a post-test to the class after receiving treatment. Based on the results of the hypothesis test data analysis that the researchers carried out, significant independent t-test results obtained for the initial and final values ??of the experimental class and control class were 0.027. Based on these results, a significant value of 0.027 <0.05 was obtained, so Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the project based learning model on the ability to understand concepts in fraction material in class IV elementary school.