This study aims to analyze the role of Instagram as a business communication medium in increasing the sales of VOI Churros, an MSME in Pematangsiantar City. The findings reveal that VOI Churros effectively utilizes Instagram features such as feeds, Reels, Stories, Highlights, collaborations with micro-influencers, and Instagram Insights. These strategies enhance brand visibility, expand audience reach, and foster strong customer interactions. Engaging visual content and creative promotions successfully attract consumer interest, while analytical tools optimize marketing campaigns. The use of Instagram has proven to positively impact sales, with up to a 20% increase in certain promotional campaigns. Moreover, seamless communication with customers through this platform builds loyalty and expands the market reach, even beyond Pematangsiantar. The effectiveness of this strategy is not solely determined by the platform itself but also supported by the quality of products and services provided. This study concludes that Instagram is an efficient marketing tool for VOI Churros to reach a wider market, improve customer engagement, and significantly drive sales growth. Consistent and well-planned strategies are crucial to maintaining this success in the future.

Kendaraan listrik menggunakan sumber tenaga dari energi listrik yang akan diubah menjadi energi kinetik. Sumber energi listrik tersebut disimpan di dalam baterai. Proses pengisian baterai dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan sumber tenaga dari Panel Surya dan PLN. Berdasarkan analisis hasil pengukuran dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) pengisian ulang baterai menggunakan Panel Surya dari kondisi minimum hingga maksimum membutuhkan waktu 4 jam 38 menit, dan (2) pengisian ulang baterai menggunakan PLN dari kondisi minimum hingga maksimum membutuhkan waktu 2 jam.

This research aims to analyze the efficiency of modern communication systems in transaction activities at Warkop Berkah, a micro-enterprise that has adopted digital technology. The main focus of the research is the implementation of modern communication systems, such as cashless payments via digital wallets, QR codes, and Point-of-Sale (POS) applications, which aim to improve operational efficiency, customer experience, and business competitiveness. This research also identifies various challenges faced in implementing this technology, including the need for employee training, implementation costs, and adaptation by customers who are still accustomed to conventional systems. The research results show that modern communication systems have a significant impact in increasing operational efficiency at Warkop Berkah. Transaction processes become faster, the risk of calculation errors is reduced, and financial transparency increases. In addition, this technology provides a better customer experience by offering convenience, security and comfort, especially for the younger generation who are more familiar with technology.  However, technology adoption also faces obstacles, such as dependence on stable internet connections, resistance from certain customers, and technical challenges in system maintenance. To overcome this challenge, the research recommends several strategies, including intensive training for employees, customer education, diversification of payment methods, and improving technological infrastructure. Real-time monitoring of transaction data is also proposed as a step to optimize operational performance and maximize customer experience. By implementing the right strategy, Warkop Berkah can utilize modern communication systems to support the sustainability and competitiveness of its business. This research contributes to understanding the importance of digitalization in micro and small businesses (MSMEs) in facing the challenges of the digital era. In addition, this study provides practical insights for micro business owners who want to adopt modern technology to increase efficiency and business growth amidst increasingly fierce competition.

This study aims to examine the impact of a 6-phase design using an asymmetrical dual
3-phase design on the torque and speed of an induction motor, where the newly designed motor still uses a 3-phase power source. The research compares the performance of a conventional 3-phase induction motor with that of an asymmetrical 6-phase induction motor design, focusing on torque and speed. This motor is only designed in terms of its windings, so the motor's position remains unchanged. The 3-phase system applied to the 6-phase induction motor design ensures that the 6-phase motor operates within a 3-phase system. The study also explores performance improvements, particularly in torque and speed, by redesigning the windings of a 3-phase induction motor into an asymmetrical 6-phase motor.
The induction motor used in this research has the following specifications: 3-phase, 2 A, 1390 RPM, 50Hz, 0.75 kW, and 380Y. The study aims to understand the effects of the asymmetrical 6-phase induction motor design, particularly regarding torque and speed. The results show that the torque and speed of the two motors differ due to the asymmetrical 6-phase winding design. In a conventional 3-phase induction motor, the winding coil layer distance is 120°, whereas, in the asymmetrical 6-phase induction motor, the distance between the first and second layers is 30°. Based on this analysis, the asymmetrical 6-phase induction motor design demonstrates better performance compared to the conventional 3-phase induction motor.

This study aims to examine the impact of self-efficacy on the success of web-based learning in the digital era. Self-efficacy, which refers to an individual's belief in their ability to overcome challenges, is believed to play a crucial role in achieving learning outcomes. In the rapidly evolving digital era, web-based learning has become an effective method for delivering materials flexibly and interactively. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving students from various universities. The results show that self-efficacy has a significant impact on the success of web-based learning. Students with higher self-efficacy tend to be more successful in completing tasks and understanding the learning material delivered through online platforms. This study recommends the importance of developing students' self-efficacy to enhance the effectiveness of web-based learning, especially in the context of education in the digital era.

This study aims to determine the influence of variables, namely Current Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, Debt To Asset Ratio, Return On Assets, Sales Growth and Earning Per Shares on the company PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk before and after the Acquisition with PT Arla Indofood Makmur Dairy Tbk which has been listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2022. The research location used in this study is PT, Indofood, Tbk. Where researchers will take data through financial reports on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis technique used is the Paired T-test. The results in this study indicate that the variables Current Ratio, Debt To Asset Ratio, Sales Growth and Earning Per Shares show significant differences between before and after the acquisition, while Total Assets Turnover, Return On Assets do not show significant differences between before and after the acquisition. With this research, it is hoped that the company can further improve various factors that do not have an effect in this study.

Operational management is an important part of problem solving factors in manufacturing companies because they have to face changing environmental conditions. Marketing Strategy is a strategy designed to promote goods or services with the aim of generating profits. Especially in some contexts, consumers tend to focus more on brands than products when making purchases, choosing certain brands because they have a positive image. Qualitative research methods place more emphasis on observing phenomena that occur and more on examining the substance of the meaning of these phenomena. Descriptive qualitative research means that the researcher must describe an object, phenomenon, or social setting which will be outlined in narrative writing. Benefits and Objectives of Company Operational Management 1. Efficiency (increasing efficiency) 2. Productivity (increasing efficiency) 3. Economy (reducing costs) 4. Quality (improving quality) 5. Reduced processing time (reducing production process time) Suggestions for this research are that several objects can be added to determine product quality improvements.

The expansion of the scope of People's Economic Bank (BPR)s to enter the capital market is new in Indonesia. The legal arrangements are not yet fully regulated. Several obstacles are experienced by BPRs towards the capital market. Therefore, innovations are needed that can make BPRs enter the capital market by applying some existing legal arrangements even though they are not specifically regulating BPRs. The purpose of this study is to determine the barriers and innovations in the framework of BPR towards the capital market. Normative legal method by taking a statutory and conceptual approach. There are several challenges BPR in heading to the capital market. The answer to these challenges is innovation. The existence of innovations that can be applied to BPR in order to go to the capital market can be seen from the legal arrangements that already exist in other fields but can be applied in the BPR. BPR experiences several obstacles, including (1) Changes from closed to public LLC must go through several processes before heading to the capital market, (2) Changes in share ownership that can determine company policy and (3) Capital fulfillment factors required by the capital market. The innovations made are (1) the fulfillment of corporate governance, (2) Share ownership arrangements that can still be held by families with (a) The form of holding companies and subsidiaries with certain ownership arrangements, and (b) Applying dual class shares, (3) BPRs that have not met the capital requirements can enter through the OTC market with reporting obligations in each securities transaction.

Ethnic and cultural diversity in modern society has become increasingly complex due to the influences of globalization, urbanization, and migration, resulting in multicultural communities. This diversity, while offering opportunities for mutual understanding, often gives rise to tensions, prejudices, and even conflicts between groups, especially when cultural identities are contested. In such circumstances, religion plays a significant role as a social pillar that can embrace differences. However, if applied exclusively, religion also has the potential to become a source of conflict. Therefore, inclusive theology, which prioritizes acceptance of differences without compromising religious teachings, becomes a relevant solution to bridge these tensions. Inclusive theology not only encourages intercultural dialogue but also promotes peace and solidarity by emphasizing love, tolerance, and respect for the dignity of every individual. In the context of the church, inclusive theology serves as an agent of peace actively addressing issues of ethnic discrimination and cultural injustice. This study aims to explore the application of inclusive theology in responding to ethnic and cultural conflicts in multicultural societies, using a qualitative approach and Ricoeur's hermeneutic analysis. It is expected that this research will contribute to fostering harmony and reconciliation amidst existing diversity.

This study aims to analyze tourists' awareness of the impact of waste at Ancol Beach during the holiday season. Waste issues have become a significant environmental concern in tourist areas, particularly during holidays when the number of visitors increases drastically, interviews were conducted with tourists from various linguistic backgrounds to assess their perceptions of beach cleanliness, understanding of waste impact on the environment, and participation in waste management efforts. Primary data were obtained through interviews and direct observation at Ancol Beach, while secondary data were sourced from literature related to waste management in tourist areas. The findings indicate that tourists' awareness levels vary, with significant differences between local and international tourists. Furthermore, although many tourists recognize the negative impact of waste, further educational efforts are needed to enhance participation in maintaining beach cleanliness. This study also highlights the importance of collaboration between tourism managers, the government, and tourists in addressing the waste problem at Ancol Beach.