The teaching of Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) in Vocational High Schools (SMK) still faces challenges in delivering material that is engaging and easy to understand. The abstract nature of Pancasila values often makes them difficult to grasp without supportive media. The lack of interactive and digital-based learning media becomes a barrier to meaningful learning. Therefore, this study aims to develop Canva-based interactive learning media within a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model to improve students’ cognitive abilities in PPKn subjects at SMK.
This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The developed product is a digital interactive media using Canva, presenting Pancasila content visually, communicatively, and contextually. Validation was conducted by two media experts and three content experts. Practicality was tested through questionnaires to teachers, while effectiveness was evaluated using pretests and posttests in experimental and control classes. The implementation was carried out using a project-based learning approach.
The results show that: (1) the media visualizes Pancasila values effectively and attractively; (2) expert validation confirms its feasibility with media expert CVI at 0.88 (PoA 88%) and content expert CVI at 0.91 (PoA 91%); (3) practicality is in the “very practical” category (average score 93.3%); and (4) effectiveness testing indicates a significant difference (t = 4.727; sig. = 0.000) and higher N-Gain in the experimental class. Therefore, Canva-based interactive media is feasible, practical, and effective for project-based PPKn learning in SMK.

This study introduces OLGA (Ocean Lomban Game), an innovative learning media integrating local wisdom to enhance marine ecology education for fifth-grade elementary students. Given the serious threats to global marine resources from human activities and climate change, early aquatic ecology and conservation education is crucial. OLGA incorporates the traditional Lomban Kupatan ritual from Tayu, Pati, emphasizing ecological balance and cultural heritage. Using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), the research involved evaluating current curriculum needs, designing a storyboard, developing the game with MIT App Inventor and animation videos, and implementing it in a classroom setting. Pre-tests and post-tests were conducted to measure effectiveness. The results indicated that OLGA significantly improved students' interest and performance in learning marine ecology. Validation by experts confirmed the media's suitability and effectiveness. Teacher and student feedback highlighted its practicality and ease of use, making OLGA a promising educational tool. The study concludes that OLGA effectively combines science education with local cultural elements to foster ecological awareness among students.

The 21st-century skills are essential component of curriculum frequently implemented in schools and universities to equip students for competition in the labor market. Integrating STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) into Project-Based Learning (PjBL) promotes active student engagement and interdisciplinary problem-solving to tackle complex issues. This article aims to provide research recommendations on how the STEM-integrated PjBL model affects students' 21st-century skills and to provide information on rarely-researched trends in this field. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, utilizing Harzing's Publish or Perish software, VOSviewer, and Google Scholar databases, focusing on thirty references published between 2019 and 2023. The findings indicated that the STEM-based PjBL approach significantly enhances students' 21st-century skills, including critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, conceptual understanding, and problem-solving abilities, thereby preparing them to navigate complex global challenges. Effective implementation requires interdisciplinary teacher collaboration, technology integration, and supportive learning environments. However, the analysis highlights that the integration of STEM and PjBL has not been extensively associated with collaboration and communication skills, presenting a valuable opportunity for future research in this area.

Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can reduce free radicals and prevent diseases such as cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and cancer. The drawback of conventional extraction is that it takes a long time, so a shorter extraction method is needed, one of which is the ultrasonic method. This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves extracted by ultrasonic method and determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves were extracted using the ultrasonic method at 50oC for 30 minutes with 70% ethanol solvent to obtain ethanol extract of Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves. Antioxidant activity test of ethanol extract of Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves using DPPH method and vitamin C as a comparison. Determination of total phenolic content using gallic acid with a maximum wavelength of 745.20 nm and operating time of 120 minutes. Determination of total flavonoid content using quercetin with a wavelength of 439.60 nm and operating time of 30 minutes. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of Ipomoea reptans Poir leaves obtained an IC50 value of 40.62 ppm (very strong). Total phenolic and flavonoids were 78.33 mgGAE/g extract and 1.03 mgQE/g extract.

Indonesian law reform faces persistent challenges stemming from fragmented human resource capacity, which undermines the coherence and effectiveness of justice delivery. This study critically examines the interplay between human resource development and the success of legal reform in Indonesia, emphasizing the urgent need to address systemic inefficiencies and skill gaps. As globalization and complex socio-legal issues demand more sophisticated legal systems, the pressure on Indonesia’s legal institutions to enhance their human resource capabilities has intensified. The novelty of this research lies in its focused analysis of human resource capacity as a critical yet underexplored dimension of Indonesian law reform. By employing a socio-legal methodology, the study identifies key factors contributing to fragmentation, including uneven competency levels, inadequate training, and lack of coordination among legal institutions. It further evaluates the role of education, professional development, and policy frameworks in fostering a coherent and competent legal workforce. The findings demonstrate that a robust, well-coordinated human resource strategy is essential for advancing legal reforms and delivering justice effectively. This research contributes to the discourse by proposing actionable solutions, including curriculum reforms, capacity-building initiatives, and collaborative networks among legal practitioners, academics, and policymakers. By addressing the critical gap in human resource capacity, this study provides a pathway for achieving a coherent legal system that upholds justice and aligns with Indonesia’s broader development goals.

Corporations, as legal entities, can be held criminally liable for corruption offenses under Indonesian law. The legal framework in Indonesia recognizes corporations as subjects of criminal law, as outlined in Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes (UU Tipikor). However, there are still gaps in the law, particularly regarding main and additional penalties for corporate entities. The introduction of Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP Nusantara) addresses these shortcomings by providing more comprehensive regulations on corporate criminal liability, particularly for corruption-related offenses. This study employs a qualitative research approach, using legislative analysis, case law examination, and conceptual analysis. The research is doctrinal and juridical-normative, relying on literature studies and document analysis of statutory regulations and court decisions regarding corporate corruption. The study focuses on the corruption case involving PT. Sinarmas Asset Management (PT. SAM), where the corporation was held criminally liable under both the Anti-Corruption Law and the Indonesian Criminal Code. The research reveals that the Indonesian Criminal Code offers more detailed provisions, including additional penalties for corporations convicted of corruption. The case study also highlights significant legal developments in the trial process. Initially, the District Court convicted PT. SAM of corruption, but this verdict was overturned by the Jakarta High Court, which acquitted the company. However, the Supreme Court disagreed with the lower courts and upheld the conviction, continuing to impose penalties on PT. SAM for the mismanagement of unauthorized funds. This case underscores the complexities of corporate criminal liability in corruption cases and the evolving nature of judicial interpretations of corporate accountability in Indonesia.

This research was motivated by the low awareness and implementation of environmentally conscious practices in Tegal Regency, where 18.2 tons of waste are generated daily. This issue is further compounded by the prevalence of littering and a general lack of awareness and understanding of effective waste management practices. This study aims to explore the significance of environmental stewardship among students and its internalization through the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project at SMP Negeri 1 Slawi. The research employed a qualitative case study approach that included observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and documentation. The findings indicate that despite receiving the Adiwiyata award, implementing environmentally friendly practices at SMP Negeri 1 Slawi remains inadequate. The observation of students littering and the lack of responsibility exhibited in sorting waste suggest that further improvements can be made. The Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project successfully optimized students' awareness and behaviour in maintaining cleanliness and waste management. This study suggests enhancing collaboration between schools, families, and communities, as well as government support through policies, infrastructure, and law enforcement to strengthen environmental care programs.

The importance of developing border areas as one of the programs run by the government must be supported by existing potential. Livestock is one of the largest contributors to income for the community in Napan Village. The absence of a location as a potential for developing livestock barns in Napan Village is a problem. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the area has a potential for developing livestock barns in Napan Village. This study includes mixed-method research and methods using forum group discussions (FGD) and IDW. Key informants are the Head of Napan Village and the community. The conclusion of this study shows that the development of livestock barns in Napan Village is quite large because it is supported by the number and types of diverse livestock and the community agrees to develop livestock barns there. The location for developing livestock barns is obtained as wide as 2.11 km2. This great potential can give Napan Village the potential for development in border areas, especially in the field of livestock. In addition, to overcome the problem of illegal livestock sales, it is necessary to build surveillance posts in border areas so that the number of incidents can be suppressed.

The background of this study is FORKI as the basis for sports coaching to produce outstanding karate athletes. Achievement itself is influenced by many factors, one of which is psychological personality. Sports psychology requires personality to understand the personality characteristics of an athlete. This study aims to measure the level of aggressiveness and power of Karate Athletes in Forki Jepara Regency. This survey was conducted using a quantitative approach method. In this study, 17 PPAP athletes from Jepara Regency will be used as samples through purposive sampling techniques. As a data collection instrument, the author used the SPQ20 questionnaire which was disseminated online via a goog;e form consisting of 168 questions that looked at various elements such as achievement and competition, belief and toughness, interaction and sportsmanship, aggressiveness and power. The results of the research obtained for male and female athletes are in the same item, namely Aggressiveness has a score of 205 with an average of 3.66. Meanwhile, femaleathletes have a score of 270 with an average of 3,375. And Power has a score of 124 with an average of 3.54. Meanwhile, female athletes have a score of 174 with an average of 3.48. It can be concluded that the level of aggressiveness and power of karate athletes in FORKI Jepara Regency is high

This study aims to examine: 1) the difference in the increase of entrepreneurial interest among students using films as a teaching media in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subject, 2) the difference in the improvement of learning outcomes among students using films as a teaching media in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subject, and 3) the effectiveness of films in enhancing both entrepreneurial interest and learning outcomes in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subject. This research follows a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The study population consists of eleventh-grade students at SMKN 1 Salatiga from vocational programs in beauty, fashion, and culinary arts. A simple random sampling method was employed to select the sample. The experimental group was exposed to films as a teaching media, while the control group did not receive this treatment. Data on learning outcomes were gathered through written tests, and data on learning interest were obtained through closed questionnaires. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) a noticeable difference exists in the entrepreneurial interest between students who used films as a media and those who did not, 2) there is a significant difference in the improvement of learning outcomes between students who used films and those who did not, and 3) films have proven to be effective in improving both entrepreneurial interest and learning outcomes in the Creative Products and Entrepreneurship subject at SMKN 1 Salatiga.