Introduction: Governmental responses to the pandemic vary by country. This study seeks to evaluate the Government's preliminary crisis rhetoric by employing a framing typology frequently utilised in Public Relations as reported in mass media across Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. This study examines articles regarding government narratives published from January to March 2020 in Detik.com, Straitstimes.com, and Thestar.com. A total of 22.338 news reports about the pandemic were retrieved from the respective media. The three media was selected due to its national reach and readership.
Methods: This paper employs qualitative-thematic and content analysis to analyze the materials collected from internet news sources. The study was conducted systematically, involving several steps. A thematic analysis was performed on the government messages to reveal governments’ initial crisis intersecting concept of crisis rhetoric and framing typology in PR.
Findings: The Indonesian Government adopted the rhetorical appeal of ‘kairos’, ‘ethos’, and ‘pathos’ as means of persuasion to build the frame of choice and issues in the messages to the public. The Malaysian Government exhibited ‘ethos’ and ‘pathos’ appeal to build frame of responsibility and action in the messages carried out by the Government in the mass media. Meanwhile, the Singapore government uses the rhetorical appeal of ‘logos’ and ‘ethos’ in creating frame of action, responsibility, and situations that exist in the news covering government statements from Singapore.
Originality: Studies linking framing with rhetoric are scarce, mostly framing analysis focusing more on the journalist activities in constructing the frame within the news.

Introduction: The study investigates the indirect influence of satisfaction on the relationship between brand prestige and behavioral intentions.
Methods: A total of 407 respondents participated in the study and they were customers of the leading café in the Philippines. Predictive-causal research design and structural equation modelling via partial least squares (PLS) were employed to measure the direct and indirect hypothesized relationships of the present study.
Findings: The results revealed that brand prestige and customer satisfaction significantly and positively influence behavioral intentions. Furthermore, brand prestige was found to be significantly and directly related to customer satisfaction. The mediation analysis indicated that customer satisfaction indirectly affects the link between brand prestige and behavioral intentions. The intervening effect of customer satisfaction on the relationship between brand prestige and behavioral intentions proves that satisfaction is still a vital factor when it comes to favorable outcomes. The significant and positive influence of brand prestige on behavioral intentions is mediated by satisfaction of coffee shop or café customers. Therefore, when customers are satisfied, behavioral intentions among clientele, in particular, in the context coffee shops or café are reinforced.
Originality: This study provides novel insights into how customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between brand prestige and behavioral intentions, offering valuable implications for enhancing customer-centric branding strategies in the café industry.

The objective of this study was to determine the level of technical, allocative, and economic efficiency in the utilization of production factors in shallot cultivation in Toronrejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City. Data analysis was performed using Cobb-Douglas analysis. The results showed that the utilization of production factors simultaneously affected the production of shallots. The utilization of production factors of organic fertilizer partially affected the production of shallots. The average efficiency value of utilizing inputs such as land, seeds, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, labor, capital, and pesticides was 0.9981566. This means that the utilization of production factors must be technically efficient. The efficiency values of production factors such as land, seeds, organic fertilizers, and capital are greater than 1, which means that the means of production were not allocatively efficient. The use of production factors such as inorganic fertilizers, labor, and pesticides have efficiency values of less than 1, which means that they were not allocatively efficient. The production factors of land, seeds, organic fertilizers, and pesticides are not financially efficient, and inorganic fertilizers, labor, and capital are also not financially efficient.

This article is a critical review that aims to provide information regarding the development of household waste management in Indonesia. Household waste management in Indonesia is still not optimal due to several factors, internal and external. There are eight obstacles related to household waste management in Indonesia. The eight obstacles include: 1) weak level of knowledge, 2) community diversity related to customs and culture, 3) regulations and policies, 4) processing innovation, 5) synergy between stakeholders, 6) processing system, 7) facilities and infrastructure, and 8) the existence of a pandemic that has also changed people's behavior in producing types of household medical waste. These eight obstacles are challenges to be solved and also become opportunities for future research in related fields of science.

This research aimed to determine the factors influencing the number of livestock ownership in beef cattle in Sukaraja District, Seluma Regency. The variables used in this research are the breeder's age, experience, calf price, income from the beef cattle business, rearing system, and type of cow. The research uses a survey method with field observation techniques and direct interviews with respondents. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The sampling procedure utilized a proportional random sample. The samples taken were farmers engaged in beef cattle farming in the Sukaraja sub-district, 98 samples were used purposively using the Slovin formula. The data analysis technique uses Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The research results show that the average ownership of cattle kept by farmers is 3-5 head per farmer using intensive and semi-intensive rearing systems. The variables of calf price and income from the beef cattle business have a real impact.  The breeder's age and experience have an impact on the number of beef cattle holdings. Meanwhile, the rearing system and type of cow have no significant effect on the number of beef cattle ownership.

Butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea (L.)) and gotu kola (Centella asiatica (L.)) contain phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds in butterfly pea flowers are anthocyanins, while in gotu kola, there are flavonoids and tannins. Butterfly flower extract and gotu kola extract have certain concentrations of SPF values in the maximum category. This research aimed to determine the results of the irritation test of sunscreen stick preparations of butterfly pea flower extract (Clitoria ternatea (L.)) and gotu kola (Centella Asiatica (L.)). This research uses an experimental approach with a true experimental design. Stick preparations are divided into formulations with a combination of active ingredients of butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea (L.)) at a concentration of 2% or 3%, and gotu kola extract (Centella asiatica (L.)) at a concentration of 7% or 8%. The optimal formulation of the preparation is adjusted to the evaluation results and specified requirements. The research showed that sunscreen sticks with two different formulations were applied to the skin 2.5 cm wide and then left for 1 hour to determine whether the skin began to show signs of irritation, such as redness, swelling, or itching. This irritation test was carried out on 20 volunteers, then observed for 3 days, and showed that the formulation of 2 sunscreen stick preparations did not irritate

This study aimed to analyze the sustainability of the SIPLO program in rice cultivation in Jati Sari Village, Pakisaji District, Malang Regency. Data was collected from rice farmers participating in the SIPLO demonstration field in Jati Sari Village. The data was quantitatively analyzed using RAP-SIPLO, an improved version of RAP-FISH software, to determine the sustainability status of the SIPLO program. The results showed that the SIPLO program received a high score of 53.02 in terms of sensitive ITAS values of the sustainability indicators of the multidimensional scaling (MDS) from each of the following dimensions: ecological, economic, social, and technological; 51.33, 69.28, and 63.65. These figures indicate that the sustainability of the SIPLO program falls in the "sufficient" category. The SIPLO technique was first applied to rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Jati Sari Village, Pakisaji District, Malang Regency, and was found to be sufficiently effective.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of scarification and gibberellin soaking on seed stimuli in melon. The study used a factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors. The first treatment factor, mechanical interruption of seed dormancy (F), consisted of two treatments: F1 = control (no treatment) and F2 = seed scarification, while the second treatment factor, ZPT gibberellin soaking (G), consisted of four levels: G1 = 0 ppm gibberellin, G2 = 20 ppm gibberellin, G3 = 40 ppm gibberellin, and G4 = 40 ppm gibberellin. The parameters observed were the early vegetative growth of melon, i.e. plant height (cm) and number of leaves (stems). The results showed that The results showed that interaction occurred due to the scarification treatment and Gibberellin soaking, with the best results brought by the scarification treatment with a Gibberellin concentration of 30 ppm on the parameters of plant height and number of leaves.

The research aims to obtain the type of substrate and dosage of AB Mix that can elevate the growth of pagoda mustard plants. The study used a completely randomized design with four substrates: wood powder, charcoal husk, sphagnum moss, and cocopeat. AB Mix uses two doses such as 6 and 8 ml/l repeated 4 times in each experiment with three plant samples. Observations included parameters of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight of plants and roots, and dry weight of plants and roots. The results showed that the husk charcoal substrate with AB Mix 8 ml/l nutrition produces the highest wet weight of pagoda mustard plants.

This research aims to provide information about Fusarium oxysporum fungus attacks and their control. Several published research results show the severity of attacks is up to 80% and is economical. Fusarium oxysporum fungal infection occurs on the roots and tubers, due to root infection and tuber rot, discoloration, and necrosis of the base layer of the tuber. Furthermore, the fungal mycelium grows rapidly and an anomaly can be seen starting from the base of the tuber and spreading to the top and sides so that the stem grows longer, the leaves do not grow upright but curve, twist or become molten so that the plant wilts and ultimately the plant dies. Control using technical culture methods for cultivating healthy plants and crop rotation systems, using organic materials as a medium for anti-antagonistic microbes, applying the biological agent's Actinomycete, Streptomyces, Trichoderma gloeosporioides and exploiting the potential of anti-pathogenic microbes in the rhizosphere.