This study discusses how bingo games can increase students' self-confidence at the primary school level. Bingo was chosen due to its interactive and fun nature, which is expected to create a learning environment that supports the development of students' self-confidence. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using bingo games on students' courage to actively participate in class. The approach used is a literature study, by reviewing various sources such as journal articles, books, previous research, and other relevant documents published in the last five years. The analysis process was carried out through the stages of collecting literature sources, categorizing data, synthesizing information, and drawing conclusions. The results of the literature review show that the implementation of bingo games in learning has significant potential in increasing students' confidence, which is reflected in the increased courage to speak in front of the class, actively answer questions, and interact with peers. This study concludes that bingo games can be an effective alternative learning method to develop elementary school students' self-confidence.

This article reviews the importance of optimizing literacy and numeracy at elementary school level through the application of multisensory methods. Numeracy literacy is a very important aspect of basic skills for students, not only for academic success, but also for developing life skills in the digital and globalization era. This library research research method is often used in theoretical research, literature studies, or research that does not require collecting primary data through experiments or direct observation. Multisensory methods, which integrate various sensory channels such as visual, auditory and kinesthetic, have proven effective in supporting students to understand material more deeply and have fun. This approach can increase students' motivation and involvement in the learning process, as well as help them remember numeracy and literacy concepts better. This research shows that using a multisensory method approach, numeracy literacy learning in elementary schools can be more interesting and effective, providing a positive impact on students' cognitive development and problem solving abilities.

Technology is essential to the efficient teaching and learning process. But technological advancement does not ensure that everyone can take full use of it. Acquiring technical literacy or knowing how to utilize it involves more than just learning how to read; it also involves being able to use, access, and integrate technology into the teaching and learning process. Although a lot of people use the internet, not everyone is able to fully utilize its benefits, particularly in the field of education. Learning can be done more quickly and in a number of ways, particularly while learning English. In our nation, English is a foreign language, and students will have a lot of trouble using it. Therefore, in order to help students understand and avoid becoming disinterested in the process of learning English, teachers need to possess additional skills. As a result, providing the internet and educational websites as resources for learning English will benefit both educators and learners. While the use of the internet for educational purposes is not new in our nation, not all institutions are able to put it into practice because of a lack of necessary resources, including computer equipment and internet access.

Infidelity is a deeply personal and emotionally devastating experience, particularly for young adults navigating the complexities of romantic relationships. This study examines the psychological distress of Indonesian female young adults (aged 18-29) who experienced infidelity in dating relationships. Using a qualitative, instrumental case study approach, it explores their emotional, cognitive, and relational struggles. Findings reveal significant distress, including anxiety, depressions, and emotional dysregulation, and trust issues, impacting their self-esteem and relationships. Coping mechanisms ranged from supportive relationships and therapy to maladaptive behaviors like self-harm. This study underscores the need for mental health interventions tailored to this group and calls for future research on cross-cultural perspectives and long-term recovery.
 

This study aims to explore the role of school principals in enhancing teacher performance through the utilization of the Platform Merdeka Mengajar, a digital tool introduced by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture to improve the quality of teaching and learning. The research was conducted at SMP N 4 Jombang, employing a qualitative approach with a case study design to gain an in-depth understanding of how principals support teachers in using this platform effectively. Data were collected through interviews with principals and teachers, as well as classroom observations. The findings indicate that the principal’s leadership, underpinned by managerial competencies such as planning, organizing, supervising, and human resource development, plays a critical role in facilitating the integration of technology into teaching practices. Principals provided technical support, organized training sessions, motivated teachers, and created a collaborative environment to enhance the use of the platform. Additionally, the study found that the Platform Merdeka Mengajar positively impacted teacher creativity and the quality of learning interactions. However, the study also highlights challenges, such as limited technological infrastructure and the varying levels of digital literacy among teachers. The results underscore the importance of strong leadership in educational technology implementation and offer insights into effective strategies for enhancing teacher performance through digital platforms. The study also identifies limitations related to its sample size and scope and suggests avenues for future research on long-term impacts and the role of external factors in educational technology adoption.

This study presents an analysis of the characteristics of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the questions found in the chapter on human body structure and function in an eighth-grade textbook aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum used at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Bandung. The aim of this research is to identify the characteristics of HOTS questions contained in the textbook. The method employed in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach, wherein the content is analyzed by grouping questions categorized as HOTS, analyzing the characteristics of HOTS question types, and categorizing the questions to determine whether they qualify as HOTS. The data is then recorded on an identification sheet. The results indicate that most of the questions meet HOTS criteria, accounting for 68%, while a smaller portion falls under the category of Lower-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). The HOTS questions take four forms: case excerpts, images, graphs, and tables. This research is expected to contribute to the development of question items that align with the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum..
 

Advances in information and communication technology have had a significant impact on the world of education, especially in increasing cultural literacy in elementary schools. Cultural literacy is the ability to understand and appreciate cultural norms, values ??and diversity, which is very important in the era of globalization. One potential technology-based learning media is Educaplay, this interactive platform provides various interesting learning features. This research aims to analyze the use of Educaplay as a cultural literacy medium through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The research results show that Educaplay is able to increase students' interest and understanding of local culture through an interactive, flexible and contextual learning approach. This media also strengthens students' digital skills and encourages attitudes of tolerance and respect for cultural diversity. These findings underline the importance of integrating technology in cultural learning to create a generation that is culturally literate and globally competitive.

This research aims to explore the use of digital maps in enhancing the local geography understanding of elementary school students. (SD). Digital maps, which offer geographic information interactively and visually, have great potential in helping students understand geographic concepts related to their surroundings. The use of digital maps in local geography education in elementary schools is an increasingly popular educational innovation in Indonesia. Digital maps help students understand geography concepts and support educational principles. Local geography learning, which includes knowledge about location, distance, and the relationship between humans and nature in the surrounding area, can be better understood through the use of digital maps. This research uses the Library Research method. The results of the study show that digital maps help students more easily recognize and identify various elements of local geography, such as geographical location, topographical differences, and the distribution of natural and human resources. Additionally, the use of digital maps also increases students' motivation and engagement in learning, as the teaching materials are presented in a more interesting and interactive manner. Thus, this research concludes that the integration of digital maps in local geography learning can enrich students' learning experiences, clarify their understanding of geographical concepts, and improve the quality of geography education at the elementary school level.

This article discusses improving speaking skills in undergraduate PGSD students at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar (Unismuh Makassar), especially in Advanced Indonesian Language Learning courses. This research aims to identify the challenges faced by students in improving their speaking skills and propose solutions that can be applied in the learning process. The method used is qualitative research with a case study approach, which involves observation, interviews and document analysis. The research results show that the main challenges faced by students are lack of self-confidence, limited vocabulary, and the inability to organize arguments systematically. The proposed solutions include the application of effective communication techniques, the use of technology-based learning media, and the habit of speaking in public to increase self-confidence. It is hoped that this research can make a positive contribution to the development of speaking skills of PGSD students at Unismuh Makassar, as well as becoming a reference for teaching Indonesian in tertiary institutions.

In various types of statistical analysis, the Weibull distribution is an important continuous probability distribution. One crucial aspect of studying this distribution is estimating its parameters. The maximum likelihood method is the approach used for the two-parameter Weibull distribution. This method aims to determine the parameter values by maximizing the likelihood function based on the available data. The advantages of the maximum likelihood method lie in its properties, such as consistency, efficiency, and asymptotic normality. Since the form of the likelihood function in the Weibull distribution is quite complex and cannot be solved analytically, numerical solutions are required. One approach used is the Newton-Raphson method, which serves to approximate the parameter values or find the optimal solution.