Education as a systematic effort to form a complete human being has given birth to various schools of thought that have developed throughout history. Each school has unique characteristics in understanding the nature of education, goals, methods and roles of educators and students. The traditionalist school of education emphasizes the importance of inheriting past values ​​and knowledge through structured methods. Meanwhile, progressivism prioritizes students' learning experiences with a flexible and contextual approach. Existentialism focuses on individual freedom in determining the direction of education, while essentialism focuses on mastering basic knowledge and core skills. The flow of social reconstructionism encourages education as a tool to improve social conditions and create better social change. This research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic concepts of various schools of education, so that it can become a theoretical basis for developing educational models that are relevant to today's challenges.
 

This study aims to analyze the influence of well-being on the health of regional students at PGRI Wiranegara University. Using a quantitative approach with an explanatory survey design, data was collected through a structured questionnaire that included indicators of well-being (economic conditions, quality of housing, social support, mental health, and access to health services) as well as regional student health (physical, mental, and healthy lifestyles). Data analysis includes classical assumption tests, and simple linear regression to measure the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The validity and reliability of the instrument were tested through Pearson and Cronbach's Alpha correlations. The results of the study are expected to provide comprehensive insights into how well-being affects the health of regional students. These findings are expected to be the basis for universities in formulating strategic policies to improve the welfare and health of students, thereby supporting their academic success holistically.

This research examines the use of technology in increasing learning interactivity in Indonesia. The aim of the research is to analyze various forms of educational technology used, identify their impact on learning interactivity, and explore the challenges and opportunities in their implementation. The method used is a systematic literature review by analyzing published scientific articles. The research results show that the use of technology such as learning management systems, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence significantly increases learning interactivity. However, there are challenges such as limited infrastructure and digital competence of educators. In conclusion, the use of technology has great potential in increasing learning interactivity, but requires a comprehensive and sustainable implementation strategy.

As a very important figure, a good leader must have a good character and can be a role model for its members. Without a good leader, the institution being led cannot run well either. Good faith and spirituality produce ethical leadership and are able to become a superior and successful leader for anyone, be it in the family, society, government or other institutions. This study shows that faith and spirituality can shape the character of an ethical leader, while without good faith and spirituality, good ethics cannot be formed from a leader. Qualitative study is used accompanied by literature works. Data were collected through some writings ftrom books, articles, etc that discuss related topics. The results show that a leader needs good faith and spirituality not only to govern and provide direction to his subordinates but also to be an example and motivate his subordinates to also have good ethics

Clinical supervision is a strategic approach in improving the quality of learning through mentoring and teacher training in a planned, focused and sustainable manner. This approach communicates collaboration between supervisors and teachers in analyzing and improving learning practices in the classroom. This article discusses the role of clinical supervision in identifying teachers' professional needs, providing constructive feedback, and supporting the development of relevant pedagogical skills. The research results show that the implementation of effective clinical supervision can increase teacher competence, improve teaching methods, and create a more optimal learning environment for students. Additionally, clinical supervision also encourages a culture of reflection and continuous learning.

Linux kernel security is a critical aspect of ensuring the integrity and stability of operating systems. Vulnerabilities like Dirty COW (CVE-2016-5195) illustrate how exploitative threats can severely impact systems, particularly those that are not regularly updated. This study analyzes the working mechanism of Dirty COW, its impact, and mitigation strategies based on Linux kernel hardening techniques, including the use of security modules like SELinux and AppArmor, as well as the Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) technique. Through attack simulations and mitigation evaluations, the findings emphasize the importance of regularly applying kernel patches to maintain system security. This study aims to provide practical guidance for enhancing Linux kernel resilience against exploitation attacks.

Apple has successfully transformed into one of the leading technology brands in Indonesia, despite facing the challenges of a highly competitive market and relatively high product prices. Apple has successfully become one of the leading technology brands in Indonesia, despite the relatively high price of its products. This study aims to identify the factors that support Apple's success in building a strong brand image and gaining a dominant position in the Indonesian market. The results show that the marketing strategy is effective. Despite the high prices, Apple managed to create an image as a symbol of social status, which drives loyalty and desire to own Apple products in Indonesia. This research provides insights into how Apple manages its branding and marketing strategies to stay relevant and maintain its market share in Indonesia.

The application of Islamic moral values ??in entrepreneurship, especially the principles of justice, has a significant impact on the sustainability and blessing of the business. This research identifies various important aspects of implementing the principles of justice, including increasing customer loyalty, strengthening business relationships, and creating social harmony. Although there are challenges in implementation, such as market pressures and intense competition, business ethics education and regulatory support can help Muslim entrepreneurs to adhere to Islamic moral principles. The research results show that the application of Islamic morals not only provides economic benefits, but also creates positive social and spiritual impacts, thereby ensuring sustainability and blessings in the long term.

The development of digital technology has significantly impacted various economic sectors, including the Islamic financial sector. This article aims to analyze how technology contributes to the growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia. It discusses the role of Islamic fintech in financial inclusion, challenges in implementing technology in Islamic financial systems, and strategic opportunities to strengthen the position of Islamic finance in the digital era. The novelty of this study lies in the integrative analysis of current technologies such as blockchain and AI with regulations and their implementation in the context of Islamic finance in Indonesia, which has not been widely explored in previous literature.

This study examines ethnomathematics in traditional tools of the Malay ethnic group at the North Sumatra Provincial Museum, encompassing ceremonial and livelihood tools. The research employs a qualitative approach using ethnographic methods to explore the mathematical concepts embedded in these objects. Ceremonial tools such as bentan, tiered trays, incense burners, and glass holders were analyzed based on geometric concepts such as circles, cylinders, ratios, and sequences, while livelihood tools such as goat hoofs, horns, sickle, and one-sided fish traps represent spatial geometry, symmetry, and volume concepts. The findings reveal that these traditional objects not only serve practical purposes but also contain mathematical and philosophical values reflecting Malay culture. These tools can be utilized as context-based mathematics learning media, helping students understand mathematics through the lens of local culture. This study emphasizes the significant role of ethnomathematics in integrating education with cultural preservation while strengthening local identity in the era of globalization.