This study aims to analyze the crime of cohabitation as an absolute complaint offense in practice before and after the enactment of Article 412 of Law No. 1/2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The background is the negative stigma against cohabitation in Indonesian society and the ambiguity of the law before the existence of explicit regulations. The urgency of this study is to provide legal certainty and avoid arbitrary handling of cohabitation cases. The research method used is normative juridical with a descriptive analysis approach, using secondary data from laws and regulations, literature, and dictionaries. The novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the handling of cohabitation before and after the enactment of the new Criminal Code Law. The results of the study show that before Law No. 1/2023, the handling of cohabitation varied, ranging from customary sanctions to the application of adultery articles. With the enactment of the new Law as of January 2, 2026, cohabitation is regulated as an absolute complaint offense with limitations on complainants. In conclusion, although cohabitation now has a clear legal basis, its implementation still considers aspects of social balance and family resolution, similar to the concept of restorative justice. Customary law can still be applied in handling cohabitation, but requires government regulations as derivative rules for its implementation.


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tindak pidana kohabitasi sebagai delik aduan absolut dalam praktik sebelum dan setelah berlakunya Pasal 412 UU No. 1/2023 tentang KUHP. Latar belakangnya adalah stigma negatif terhadap kohabitasi di masyarakat Indonesia dan ketidakjelasan hukum sebelum adanya aturan eksplisit. Urgensi penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan kepastian hukum dan menghindari penanganan sewenang-wenang terhadap kasus kohabitasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis, menggunakan data sekunder dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan kamus. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis komprehensif terhadap penanganan kohabitasi sebelum dan setelah berlakunya UU KUHP baru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum UU No. 1/2023, penanganan kohabitasi bervariasi, mulai dari sanksi adat hingga penerapan pasal perzinahan. Dengan berlakunya UU baru per 2 Januari 2026, kohabitasi diatur sebagai delik aduan absolut dengan limitasi pengadu. Kesimpulannya, meskipun kohabitasi kini memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas, penerapannya tetap mempertimbangkan aspek keseimbangan sosial dan penyelesaian kekeluargaan, mirip dengan konsep keadilan restoratif. Hukum adat masih dapat diterapkan dalam penanganan kohabitasi, namun memerlukan peraturan pemerintah sebagai aturan turunan untuk implementasinya.

This research aims to analyze the process of implementing a voluntary non-execution movable object auction at PT JBA Indonesia Semarang City Branch. As well as to analyze legal protection for winners of non-voluntary execution movable object auctions at PT JBA Indonesia Semarang City Branch. The urgency of this research is so that auction winners are not deceived by the condition of movable objects when they are declared to have won the auction. And so that the auction winner gets legal protection and understands the legal standing at the time of the auction. This writing is empirical juridical research with a statutory approach and a case approach. The research specifications used in this research are analytical descriptive. The data collection method used by the author is by examining primary data obtained through interviews with employees and assistants to the leadership of the private auction house PT JBA Indonesia, Semarang City Branch, which was conducted directly at the PT JBA Indonesia Semarang City Branch office and secondary data obtained from materials. References. The results of the research explain that the auction implementation at the private auction center PT JBA Indonesia uses a voluntary non-execution auction type, then the auction implementation is also divided into several categories, namely pre-auction, during the auction, and post-auction. There are several categories of legal protection for winners of auctions for non-voluntary movable objects, namely disclosure of information about auction winners, private auction houses daring to take responsibility for errors in auction implementation and special complaints regarding auction implementation.

The study aims to analyze the optimization of the settlement of theft criminal cases committed by children in a diverse way. Children, as part of the future of the nation, have the right to grow and develop optimally, both physically and mentally, as well as socially and morally. Children involved in criminal acts such as theft often come from an under-supported family background, a lack of adequate education, or a poor social environment. Handling criminal cases involving children requires a different approach than adult perpetrators. Diversion, as one of the forms of settlement of criminal cases of children outside formal judicial proceedings, has been regulated in Act No. 11 of 2012 on the Child Criminal Justice System (SPPA). The urgency of this research lies in the need to find an effective solution to dealing with the crime of theft by children through diversified mechanisms. This method of investigation is juridic normative with supported secondary data as primary data and data. By maximizing diversification, it is expected to provide better protection for children facing the law, reduce the negative effects of formal judicial processes, and encourage children to return to society. This research offers some significant aspects of innovation. First, the study developed a diversified optimization strategy model that had not been comprehensively outlined in previous research. Second, it used a multidisciplinary approach that integrated legal, psychological, and sociological perspectives into its analysis. Third, the research identified key factors that influenced the success of diversion implementation in cases of child theft, which could be a reference for future public policy.

This study evaluates a training program designed to enhance the competence of religious educators, known as "penyuluh agama" in Indonesia, in utilizing ICT-based media for religious education. The program, conducted in Bangkalan Regency, aimed to equip participants with the knowledge and skills to develop and manage effective religious education media in the digital age. A needs assessment was conducted to inform the curriculum development, which covered fundamental aspects of ICT, introduction to ICT-based media, technical skills, and effective communication strategies. The training employed interactive workshops and provided ongoing support to participants. Evaluation results indicated significant improvement in participants' understanding and utilization of ICT-based media for religious education, as well as fostering a strong sense of community among them. This study highlights the effectiveness of ICT-based media training in empowering religious educators to adapt to the evolving needs of the community and expand the reach of religious education in the digital age.

This study aims to analyze the effect of working capital turnover and accounts receivable turnover on profitability at PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk Listed on the IDX 2019-2023 Period by looking at the performance of financial statements. This study uses descriptive research design with quantitative methods. The research was conducted on annual financial data conducted at PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. Analysis of the effect carried out by testing three variables, namely working capital turnover and accounts receivable turnover as dependent variables and profitability as an independent variable. The results showed three hypotheses with one accepted hypothesis and two rejected hypotheses. Thus, it can be concluded that in this study only accounts receivable turnover has a significant effect on profitability while working capital turnover has no effect on profitability on the object of study, namely PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk.
 

In the midst of the increasingly rapid digital era, MSMEs in Indonesia, including the “Naza” perfume MSME in Cikarang, face challenges in increasing productivity and competitiveness. This community service activity aims to assist “Naza” perfume MSMEs in increasing productivity through assistance in implementing digital marketing strategies and online payments. By using qualitative methods which include observation, surveys and in-depth interviews as well as direct assistance. This service activity found that perfume MSMEs in Indonesia, including “Naza”, experience obstacles in utilizing the potential of digital marketing and online payments and it turns out that the implementation of digital marketing strategies through Instagram social media and online payments through QRIS and E-Wallet has succeeded in increasing product visibility, expanding market reach and increasing effective and efficient transactions. This service activity concluded that the importance of effective and efficient assistance for MSMEs in dealing with digital technology and competitiveness in the digitalization era to achieve sustainable growth.

The objective of this research is to determine the influence of leadership style and work training variables on employee performance at the Fire Department of Makassar City. This study employs a quantitative approach using primary data obtained through questionnaires from respondents. The population in this study consists of all field officers with civil servant status at the Fire Department of Makassar City, totaling 70 employees. The sample is selected using purposive sampling, which involves selecting samples based on specific considerations that meet the desired criteria to determine the sample size to be studied. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 25 as the tool. The results of this study indicate that leadership style and work training have a positive and significant influence on employee performance at the Fire Department of Makassar City. Simultaneously, leadership style and work training together have an impact on employee performance at the Cultural Department of Makassar City.
 
 

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of human resource (HR) management in improving employee performance at PT Marisa Jaya Abadi, a construction company that faces various problems with HR management. This research is also motivated by the importance of HR quality to achieve company goals and project success, as well as the need to evaluate existing HR management policies and practices. This research utilizes an independent study approach which allows the researcher to expect that the results of the research will provide practical advice on how to improve the effectiveness of human resource management in business and provide information to other construction companies. Consequently, this research enhances academic knowledge of HR management and helps the construction industry by improving employee productivity and satisfaction.

This community service activity is a learning assistance program that focuses on foreign language learning guidance for school-age children in the Glintong Dalam Village environment during semester holidays. With this activity, the children have interesting activities to improve their Arabic and English skills. This activity is one of the agendas of the facilitators of the Community Service Course  of the Tarbiyah Faculty of STAI Darul Hikmahin 2024 in Glintong village. The service activities in the form of a foreign language learning guidance program which were attended by approximately 20 students went smoothly. The result of this activity is that the children are eager to learn Arabic and English and can overcome the difficulties they face when learning Arabic and English at school. In its implementation, children can learn calmly, comfortably, enthusiastically and are able to understand the material presented. This activity also received a positive response from themselves, parents, and the community.

This study evaluates the financial performance of PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk from 2019 to 2023 by analyzing cash flow statements. It employs a descriptive research design with a quantitative approach, utilizing eight cash flow ratios: Operating Cash Flow (AKO), Fund Flow Coverage (CAD), Cash to Interest Coverage (CKB), Cash to Current Liabilities Coverage (CKHL), Capital Expenditure (PM), Total Debt (TH), Cash Flow Adequacy (KAK), and Free Net Cash Flow (AKBB). The analysis reveals that only the Cash to Interest Coverage (CKB) ratio meets the efficiency standard, while the remaining seven ratios consistently fall below it. Consequently, the financial performance of PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk during this period is concluded to be poor.