Presentations are the ability to transfer knowledge effectively. Microsoft PowerPoint is a robust and reliable presentation software. The skill of presenting information visually and engagingly is no longer just a supplementary ability; it's key to developing students' critical thinking, creativity, and communication effectiveness.However, at SMP  Ibrahimy 3, a significant gap has been identified in female students' mastery of the PowerPoint application. Varying levels of understanding and limited access to computers result in suboptimal, less interactive presentations that fail to convey information effectively. This situation directly hinders the students' academic potential in various learning activities, from project assignments to group discussions.Therefore, efforts to improve proficiency in using Microsoft PowerPoint are crucial to equip students with relevant and essential digital skills in the current era.

The rapid digital transformation has significantly impacted Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), shifting consumer behavior towards online product search. This presents both challenges and opportunities for the snack industry, which faces intense competition. This study addresses the limited empirical research on digital channel effectiveness in the fast-moving snack sector. The research aims to examine the e-commerce and digital marketing strategies of "Eat Mee" chocolate dumplings and evaluate their contribution to business development. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method, the research focused on "Eat Mee" in Serang, Banten, utilizing participatory observation and sales data from June 2025. Findings indicate that while e-commerce positively impacts sales, offline channels (Cash on Delivery) still dominate (Rp358,000 vs. Rp105,000 from Shopee), with no transactions via the personal website. This highlights the importance of consistent promotion and internal operational readiness alongside digital platforms. The study concludes that "Eat Mee" needs to optimize its digital marketing strategies for broader market reach while maintaining strong offline sales.

This study aims to analyze the role of information technology in improving the effectiveness of public administration in Indonesia. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research highlights how technology supports administrative simplification, transparency, and responsiveness to public needs. The study finds that national platforms such as SP4N-LAPOR!, OSS-RBA, and SIPD have contributed to reducing bureaucratic barriers and enhancing public service quality. However, challenges such as digital literacy gaps and infrastructure inequality persist, requiring continuous improvement strategies. The conclusion emphasizes that adaptive policies and human resource capacity development are key to maximizing the benefits of technology in public administration.

This community outreach program was initiated to foster foundational knowledge of computer networking among students in the Visual Communication Design (VCD) department at SMK Diponegoro 3 Kedungbanteng. Key topics included basic networking concepts, types and topologies of networks, hardware components, and their significance in creative fields. The implementation involved interactive learning through lectures, hardware demonstrations, and open discussions. A total of 46 students engaged in the sessions. The outcomes indicated increased engagement and awareness of interdisciplinary digital literacy, emphasizing the value of basic technology comprehension in collaborative design workflows.

The development of information technology has encouraged university libraries to innovate in disseminating information more effectively. Institutional repositories are present as one of the information repackaging products that aim to collect, manage, and disseminate scientific works of academicians in digital form. Repositories can be viewed as valuable assets of an institution that function as a means to improve the reputation of the institution. This study was implemented through a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. This approach was chosen to provide a systematic, factual, and accurate picture of the effectiveness of the directory as an information repackaging product at the Padang State University Library. The results of the study indicate that the use of information repackaging is in the high category in terms of reasons for use, interaction, and results felt by users, although there are still challenges in the completeness and personalization of content. This study recommends the need for continuous evaluation, development of more diverse information formats, and increasing librarian competence in understanding user needs so that the repository can function optimally as a medium for disseminating information and supporting the position of the institution.

This research analyzes the ethics of broadcasting advertisements on television media, especially related to  broadcasting time regulations. The significant role of television in shaping people's thoughts and  behaviors, coupled with the proliferation of potentially unethical and inappropriate broadcasts, highlights  the urgency of this issue. Such violations, especially those concerning children and adolescents, pose  significant risks due to exposure to inappropriate content and the normalization of unethical behavior. This  study emphasizes the importance of media commitment to the Broadcasting Behavior Guidelines and  Broadcast Program Standards (P3SPS) and Law No. 32 of 2002, which aims to protect viewers from  harmful information. This study uses a library observation method with a qualitative approach, analyzing  existing reports, research, and written sources. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman's qualitative  decomposition technique, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The  findings of the study are in line with previous studies, indicating that violations of broadcasting ethics and  broadcasting hours are systemic problems that have not been resolved. This underlines the need for stricter  supervision, sanctions, re-evaluation of broadcasting time classifications, and media literacy education for  the community.

The North Natuna Sea is an area of strategic importance to Indonesia, both in terms of national security and economy. Legally, this area is part of Indonesia’s Exclusive Zone (EEZ), but China’s unilateral claim to most of this area through the nine-dash line has created tension in the region. Indonesia faces a major challenge to safeguard the sovereignity of this region by using various strategies, one of which is defense diplomacy. This article aims to explore how Indonesia utilizes defense diplomacy in maintaining stability in the Natuna Sea, as well as to analyze the challenges faced and the effectiveness of this approach. The results show that Indonesia’s defense diplomacy can maintain stability, but is still plagued by a number of challenges, including limited resources and the influence of major powers such as China.

Education is important for humans to gain prosperity and happiness in life, so it can be said that education is a person's basic need in order to become a real human being as a whole. In this day and age, students are not only required to be able to master technology and information to compete, students are required to think critically which is more developed in order to solve problems that will occur. This study aims to determine the extent to which students are able to think critically through social studies subjects. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods or non-experimental methods. The results showed that grade 5 students at SD Negeri Pucung Kidul 03 had a critical thinking attitude in the very good category.

Orthosiphon aristatus is a medicinal plant that has the potential as a natural antibacterial agent. This study aims to evaluate the effect of cat's whiskers leaf extract on microbial growth using Nutrient Agar (NA) media with variations in extract concentrations of 100 gr, 50 gr, and 25 gr. Antibacterial activity tests were carried out using the well diffusion paper disk method, and observations of microbial growth inhibition zones were carried out after incubation for 24 hours at 37°C. The test results showed that there was inhibition of microbial growth that varied according to the concentration of the extract used; a concentration of 100 gr gave the largest inhibition zone compared to 50 gr and 25 gr. Data analysis showed that increasing extract concentration was directly proportional to increasing antibacterial effectiveness. These findings indicate that Orthosiphon aristatus leaf extract has the potential as a natural antibacterial that is effective in inhibiting microbial growth in NA media, so it has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in pharmaceutical formulations.

The issue arises from Article 15 paragraph (2) letter f of the Notary Position Law (UUJN), which grants notaries the authority to draw up deeds related to land affairs but fails to clearly define the scope of that authority. This creates conflict with Article 2 of Government Regulation No. 37 of 1998 in conjunction with Government Regulation No. 24 of 2016, which stipulates that PPATs have the authority to draw up authentic deeds regarding certain legal acts in land affairs. This study employs a normative juridical method by reviewing statutory regulations and legal literature to analyze the issue. The results show that this overlapping authority leads to legal uncertainty and potential conflict between professional functions. In practice, although notaries are normatively granted authority in land-related matters, their implementation remains limited, as deeds drawn up by notaries cannot serve as a legal basis for land registration unless the notary is also appointed as a PPAT. Therefore, a legal reform is necessary, either through a revision of the UUJN or the establishment of implementing regulations that clarify each official’s authority. By doing so, legal certainty can be achieved, and inter-professional disputes can be minimized.