This research aims to examine the influence of exports, imports, and exchange rates on Indonesia's economic growth during the 2014–2023 period. The study employs a multiple linear regression approach using SPSS version 26 for data analysis. The findings reveal that exports, imports, and exchange rates collectively exert a significant impact on economic growth. Individually, exports contribute positively and significantly, while both imports and exchange rates show a significant negative effect on Indonesia’s GDP. These outcomes align with Keynesian economic theory, which emphasizes exports as a critical component in boosting aggregate demand and stimulating growth. Meanwhile, the negative influence of imports and exchange rates supports the Heckscher-Ohlin model and the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) theory, indicating that excessive reliance on imports and currency depreciation can undermine domestic economic performance. This study, therefore, highlights the importance of robust trade policies and stable exchange rates to foster sustainable national economic growth.

This study was conducted under the title “Development of Indonesian Language Learning Media Based on Animated Videos for Grade VII MTs Swasta Darul Ulum Budi Agung Descriptive Text Material,” which was motivated by low student motivation and understanding of descriptive text lessons. This situation occurred because attractive and interactive learning media were rarely used, causing students to tend to be passive in the learning process. The research methodology employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research population consisted of students at Darul Ulum Budi Agung Private Islamic Junior High School, with a sample size of 30 students in the experimental group and 30 students in the control group. Data collection was conducted using interviews, tests, and questionnaires. Validation was provided by experts in the fields of content, media, and language. This study shows that the use of educational media in the form of animated videos falls under the category of highly suitable for use, both in terms of content and presentation. This media is capable of enhancing students' learning motivation, clarifying their understanding of descriptive text concepts, and creating a more engaging and interactive learning environment. In other words, the use of animated videos can serve as an innovative solution as a learning medium for Indonesian language, particularly descriptive text material, to improve the quality of education at MTs Swasta Darul Ulum Budi Agung.

Lack of knowledge about nutrition makes children buy food without knowing whether the food contains sufficient nutrition or not. In fact, food has an important role in children's growth and development because it is the main builder of growth and development. Nutrition education is very much needed to improve children's knowledge and behavior. The storytelling method is one of the educational methods that can be used in an effort to teach students a healthy lifestyle, including about healthy food. The purpose of this community service is to increase students' knowledge about healthy food by using the storytelling method so that children are expected to behave healthily by consuming healthy food and snacks. Community service was carried out at Bambini School Paguyangan with 19 students aged 3-6 years. The activity went well, there was an increase in children's knowledge about healthy food and participants were very enthusiastic in answering questions. Healthy food education can also prevent students from buying snacks carelessly and choosing healthy foods. Healthy food education regarding the selection of healthy foods is expected to create a healthier generation.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Indonesian Advertising Ethics (EPI) in regulating advertisements in the digital era, based on the gap between regulations and practice in the field. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, employing documentary studies and in-depth interviews to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue. The results show that the EPI's effectiveness in maintaining fairness, honesty, and responsibility in digital advertising is still weak. This weakness is not due to the substance of the EPI itself, but mainly because of the rapid development of technology, the vast expansion of digital media, low compliance from practitioners, and the self-regulatory approach that relies on the awareness and responsibility of each actor. The study also finds a gap between regulation and practice due to the EPI’s continued use of a framework designed for traditional media, making it less adaptable to digital media's unique challenges. Therefore, the research concludes that a more adaptive, collaborative, and multi-stakeholder approach is required to safeguard advertising ethics and protect the public's interest in the digital era

The rapid growth of e-commerce requires innovative solutions to enhance consumer engagement and overcome online shopping limitations. This research analyzes the impact of Augmented Reality (AR) technology on consumer purchase intentions in e-commerce through a quantitative approach involving 150
AR users. Using PLS-SEM analysis, this study examines the relationships between AR characteristics (interactivity, visual quality, novelty, informativeness) and consumer perceptions (enjoyment, usefulness, hedonic value) and their effects on satisfaction, attitude, and purchase intention. Results indicate that visual quality and informative aspects of AR most significantly influence consumer perceptions, while enjoyment  and  hedonic  value  significantly  affect  consumer  satisfaction  and  positive  attitudes.  These
findings provide guidance for e-commerce practitioners to balance practical functionality with engaging experiences in developing AR applications as an effective marketing strategy

The use of hormonal contraception is a common method used by women of childbearing age to prevent pregnancy. However, this method is often associated with side effects, one of which is spotting or light bleeding outside the menstrual cycle. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting in the Sonuo Village Health Center  area. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 37 respondents selected by total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that the majority of respondents used injectable contraception (62.2%), followed by implants (24.3%) and pills (13.5%). Most injectable users experienced spotting (82.6%), while implant users more often experienced amenorrhea (77.8%). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that the type of hormonal contraception affects the incidence of spotting, where injectables cause spotting more often than other methods. Education about the side effects of hormonal contraception needs to be increased so that users can choose a method that suits their body condition.

This paper examines the implementation of translanguaging pedagogies within digital learning environments and their effectiveness in developing multilingual competence among Generation Z learners. Through a mixed-methods study involving 186 students and 14 educators across six higher education institutions, this research investigates how strategic integration of translanguaging practices in digital spaces supports linguistic flexibility, metalinguistic awareness, and cross-cultural competence. Findings reveal that digitally-mediated translanguaging approaches resulted in significant improvements in learners' willingness to communicate across languages (p<.01), metalinguistic awareness (p<.001), and cross-cultural communication efficacy (p<.01) compared to monolingual instructional approaches. The research further identifies five key digital translanguaging strategies that effectively leverage Generation Z's technological aptitude and multimodal literacy. This study contributes to the growing field of multilingual digital pedagogy by demonstrating how translanguaging can be systematically integrated into digital learning environments to foster linguistic repertoire expansion that aligns with the communicative needs of increasingly globalized contexts. The pedagogical framework presented offers practical guidance for educators seeking to implement translanguaging approaches in various digital learning modalities while accommodating Generation Z's learning preferences and multilingual development.

This study examines strategies for enhancing community participation in regional development planning by implementing bottom-up approaches. As democratic governance evolves, the need for meaningful citizen engagement in development planning becomes increasingly critical for ensuring sustainable and equitable outcomes. This research analyzes the effectiveness of participatory planning mechanisms, identifies barriers to community engagement, and proposes innovative strategies for strengthening bottom-up development planning processes. Using a comparative case study methodology across six regional governments, this study evaluates various participatory instruments including citizen forums, participatory budgeting, community mapping, and digital engagement platforms. The findings reveal that successful bottom-up planning requires institutional commitment, capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and sustained dialogue between government and communities. The study provides a framework for designing and implementing effective participatory planning systems that genuinely incorporate community voices in regional development decisions.

This study aims to analyze the role of Physical Education and Sports (PJOK) teachers in fostering the disciplined character of fifth-grade students at the Nurun Najah Private Elementary Madrasah in Jambi City. Discipline is an important character value that needs to be instilled early on, and PJOK teachers have a strategic role in instilling it through physical activities, games, and rules in learning. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The subjects of the study included PJOK teachers, fifth-grade students, and the head of the madrasah. The results showed that PJOK teachers act as models, mentors, and evaluators in fostering student discipline through the application of rules, giving examples, and positive and negative reinforcement. Supporting factors include school support and student enthusiasm, while constraints include limited facilities and differences in student backgrounds. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of collaboration between teachers, parents, and schools in strengthening the formation of students' disciplined character.

Communication as a process of conveying information which contains persuasive messages. In development, communication is used to disseminate ideas, ideas and programs or policies from the government. Community empowerment is part of development communication that aims to improve the quality of life of the community. Communities need to be given space to participate actively in development by understanding what the problems are, finding solutions and making decisions wisely. This research has a role to know the concept of participatory communication in development communication. The method used is qualitative research through literature study, namely with a content approach and carried out by data collection techniques using books, journals and internet browsing.