This study analyzes the ambiguity regarding the obligation to mediate in resolving patent disputes according to the Patent Law, and its implications for the efficiency of the dispute resolution process. Although Article 153 and Article 154 of the Patent Law open up opportunities for dispute resolution through alternative mechanisms, the ambiguity regarding the obligation to mediate creates legal uncertainty that can hinder efficiency and increase dispute costs. Based on the Economic Analysis of Law approach, this study shows that the obligation to mediate can reduce social costs, accelerate the dispute resolution process, and increase overall economic efficiency. Mediation as an obligation can reduce the burden on the judicial system, minimize transaction costs, and create better legal and business stability. Therefore, this study encourages the implementation of the obligation to mediate in patent disputes to create a more efficient, fair, and profitable dispute resolution system for all parties involved.
 
 

This research examines the local wisdom of the Bugis tribal community in Karangantu, Banten Province, focusing on four main aspects: monetary panai, mapasili traditions, mattampung, and traditional houses. The research method used is qualitative and based on observations and in-depth interviews with local community members. Research findings show that panai money functions as a symbol of the husband's respect and responsibility towards the married woman, as well as a reflection of the family's social status. The mapasili tradition, performed three days after death, aims to purify the house and clothes of the deceased as a sign of respect towards the ancestors. In addition, the mattampung tradition reflects strong social and cultural values within the community, while the traditional Bugis house in Karangantu is also a symbol of cultural identity that needs to be preserved. This research shows that despite the influence of modernization, the Bugis people still maintain these traditions as an integral part of their identity that must be preserved for future generations. These findings shed light on how local wisdom can adapt and survive in changing times.

The 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) has a very iportant fundamental role in the legal and political system in Indonesia, especially in ensuring the fulfillment of Human Rights (HAM) for the people in Indonesia. As the country's highest constitution, the 1945 Constitution not only determines the structure and powers of the state, but also regulates the protection of the rights of individuals and groups of citizens or society. Since the amendments to the 1945 Constitution from 1999 to 2002, the substance of human rights has increasingly been strengthened and regulations have been tightened, with an emphasis on civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. In this article I aim to examine how the 1945 Constitution functions as a legal instrument to guarantee the protection of human rights in Indonesia. This research uses a normative approach by analyzing articles in the 1945 Constitution which are directly or indirectly related to human rights, as well as assessing their implementation in practice. The results of the analysis show that although the 1945 Constitution provides a strong legal foundation for the protection of human rights, many challenges still arise in its implementation and enforcement, especially those related to the gap between legal norms and the reality on the ground. Apart from that, the role of state institutions such as the Constitutional Court (MK), Komnas HAM, and the judicial system is very crucial in ensuring the fulfillment of citizens' basic rights. In conclusion, the 1945 Constitution has great potential to guarantee Human Rights in Indonesia, but ongoing efforts are needed to overcome various obstacles and problems in its implementation practice.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) on the decline in sales of fast food restaurants Kentucky Fried Chicken. MSMEs play an important role in the Indonesian economy, especially in helping to increase people's purchasing power with affordable prices and flavors that suit the tastes of the Indonesian people. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method used to analyze topics and issues that rarely occur in MSMEs. The results of the study show that culinary MSMEs influence people's choices. The low price factor and easy-to-reach sales areas make consumers prefer MSME products to fast food restaurant products. The results of this study explain that MSMEs can compete with large companies.Keywords : MSMEs, business competition

Efforts to increase fish farming productivity, motivating farmers to enhance the fish farming population in Pulau Semambu Village. Inderalaya Utara Village, Ogan Ilir, can be implemented through village lecture provision, training, and demonstration of artificial feed production based on maggots with the addition of water spinach leaf extract. The objective of this activity is to enhance the growth and immune system of fish livestock.Based on that reasoning, the framework of thought that will be pursued through the model approach (1) The approach is carried out through direct observation of the community while simultaneously mapping the latest fish farms in Pulau Semambu Village, Inderalaya Utara, Ogan Ilir.(2) Assistance, this activity is carried out through village lectures that can be realized in the form of outreach to fish farmers about improving fish farming management and providing support in motivating fish farmers to start implementing the concept of an intensive maintenance system in fish farming in maintenance ponds that meet health standards. (3) Direct demonstration (practice) of making artificial feed based on BSF maggots, which includes how to make water spinach leaf extract, how to maintain maggots, and how to make flour and pellets for artificial feed. The village lecture activity was attended by 40 women in the fish farming group in Pulau Semambu Village and students taking the Entomology and Entrepreneurship courses.The result of the activity is to increase the productivity and population of fish livestock in Pulau Semambu. The provision of fish feed based on a mixture of maggot flour and water spinach extract can enhance the growth and immune system of fish livestock, resulting in heavier fish that are less prone to disease. Increasing the production and population of fish livestock will result in higher incomes for the fish farmers in Pulau Semambu village, Inderalaya Utara, Ogan Ilir.

AUM PTSDL is a problem expression tool in a typical student to see the effectiveness of student learning. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the implementation of the AUM PTSDL problem directly to students, especially in PAB 8 sampali junior high school students. in the application of AUM PTSDL can accelerate overcoming problems in learning, especially broken home students. This research uses a descriptive method with a case study approach. This research was conducted at PAB 8 Sampali Junior High School on October 23-5, 2020. The subjects in this study were 9th grade AUM PTSDL students at SMP PAB 8 sampali. Based on the results of the research, the implementation of AUM PTSDL at SMP PAB 8 sampali has been carried out and shows that students have broken home problems that students are carried out AUM with several problems, namely, PTSDL. The conclusion is that students who have problems in AUM PTSDL will provide benefits in the form of support or advice to improve the quality of student learning from counseling teachers in schools.

This study aims to analyze the influence of trust and risk perception on cryptocurrency purchase decisions in Tapos District. The research uses a descriptive quantitative method, with primary data collected through online and direct questionnaires. The sample consists of 122 respondents selected using the Slovin formula from a population of 177 people. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 with multiple linear regression techniques. The results show that both trust and risk perception partially have a significant influence on cryptocurrency purchase decisions. Simultaneously, trust and risk perception also significantly affect purchase decisions. These findings indicate that trust in platforms and perceived risk levels are critical factors influencing cryptocurrency purchase decisions among the Tapos District community.

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted education, particularly in providing personalized learning and administrative efficiency. However, questions arise about whether the teacher's role remains relevant in this technological era. This study aims to examine the role of teachers in the context of AI development through a literature review method, analyzing previous research on AI integration in education. The findings reveal that while AI excels in data processing and adaptive learning, teachers maintain an irreplaceable role in building emotional connections, instilling moral values, and guiding students' character development. Teachers also act as mentors who provide motivation and facilitators who create interactive learning environments. These findings highlight the importance of collaboration between AI and teachers to create more inclusive and effective education. Therefore, AI should be seen not as a replacement but as a tool to enhance the teacher's role in fostering holistic student development.
 

As the times develop, there will be many new things that emerge because humans will continue to innovate in line with the development of human thought, so to compensate and keep humans from running or getting out of their nature, religion is present to provide binding rules. The writing of this journal aims to find out the rules of contemporary muamalah fiqh as well as to find out what the role of contemporary muamalah fiqh is in the development of sharia-based businesses. The research methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative research using the library study method (library research) Data collection in this study using the library study method related to theoretical studies and several references that will not be separated from scientific literature. The results of this study are an introduction to contemporary muamalah fiqh such as understanding, scope, rules of fiqh and the object of study of contemporary muamalah fiqh, as well as the role of contemporary muamalah fiqh in sharia-based business development.