The set theory approach, which is often used in pure mathematics, can be applied to analyze relations between indigenous communities in Papua. This article maps cultural relations between three main indigenous communities Kamoro, Amungme, and Dani with a mathematical approach. Each community is represented as a collection of unique cultural elements, such as wood carving traditions (Kamoro), mountain beliefs (Amungme), and ancestral mummy traditions (Dani). This analysis involves the concepts of intersection, combination, and complementation to identify similarities, uniqueness, and potential conflicts and synergies between communities. This study found that although there is no direct cultural intersection, the combination of cultural elements shows significant richness. This approach provides a systematic tool for understanding relationships between communities, supporting cultural preservation, and creating social harmony.

Self-identity formation is essential to individual development and is influenced by social environments and life experiences. This study draws on Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development to understand how the interaction between the environment and individual experiences shapes identity formation in response to expectations and efforts. Social environments, such as family, friends, and community, provide a framework of values and norms that shape an individual’s initial identity, while personal experiences in managing expectations and efforts either reinforce or challenge this framework. The study concludes that balancing environmental support and experiential challenges enables individuals to develop a strong and flexible identity. The implications of this research highlight the importance of creating environments that support self-reflection and learning from experiences to foster healthy identity development.

The Investment Management Institution (LPI) was established based on the mandate of the Job Creation Law in Chapter X concerning Central Government Investment and the facilitation of National Strategic Projects in Article 154 paragraph (3) which states that Central Government Investment can be implemented by the Minister of Finance as the State Treasurer or an institution given special authority (sui generis). In the field of taxation, there is special treatment in terms of transactions involving the Investment Management Institution (LPI) including transactions both directly and indirectly with the entities it owns. In terms of bankruptcy, the Investment Management Institution (LPI) is treated specially and cannot be declared bankrupt unless it can be proven to be insolvent. And the nature and norms or rules set by the Investment Management Institution or LPI only apply specifically to parties who cooperate or make business agreements with the Investment Management Institution (LPI) and do not apply generally to everyone, so that its nature is a consensus between the parties.

E-Court is a court instrument in seeking legal certainty so that cases can be resolved quickly. The scope of E-court includes online case registration (e-filling), online estimation of case costs (e-skum), online payment of downpayment (e-payment), online summons of parties (e-summons) and online hearings (e-litigation) by sending court documents (Replik, Duplik, Conclusion, Answer). The focus that will be discussed in this scientific work includes first, how to read the judge’s decision via E-court. Second, how to apply the principle of hearings open to the public via E-court. To facilitate understanding in this research, researchers used a Normative Juridical research method with a Legislative approach. The data colletion technique carried out by the researcher was by identifying and analyzing statutory regulations, namely PERMA Number 1 Of 2019. The results of the research carried out by the researcher can be concluded that first, the application of the principle of open to the public hearings is appropriate and reflects the applicable statutory regulations. And will still be implemented, but with several restrictions on the number of court visitors and the distance between visitors. Second, regarding the reading of the judge’s decision via e-court, it is legally considered to have been attended by the parties and carried out in a trial open to the public. And has legal force and legal consequences.

This study aims to analyze the interaction and response of viewers on social media to the soap opera Asmara Gen Z using the Uses and Gratification theory. The research method used is a qualitative approach with interaction and response analysis, as well as in-depth interviews with active viewers. The results of the study indicate that the main motivation of viewers in watching the soap opera Asmara Gen Z is because of the presence of young actors and actresses who are relatable to their lives, an interesting and diverse storyline, and a hit soundtrack. This soap opera also succeeded in building hype through social media with active interaction from the players. These findings indicate that the soap opera Asmara Gen Z meets various audience needs, including cognitive, affective, personal identity, social integration and interaction, and escape needs. This study provides insight into how soap operas can create high engagement on social media and provides implications for entertainment content marketing strategies in the digital era.

Survey research is one of the methods often used in social sciences, education, and various other fields to collect data efficiently from large populations. This study aims to describe the concept, steps, types, advantages, and disadvantages of survey research, and provide guidance in selecting representative samples. The method used in this study is a literature review with a descriptive analysis of relevant theories. The results of the study indicate that survey research has the advantage of being able to collect large amounts of data quickly and support statistical analysis. However, this method also has weaknesses such as the risk of sampling bias and limitations in extracting in-depth information. The implications of this study are the need for careful design, including the selection of appropriate sampling techniques and the development of valid instruments, to improve the quality of survey research. This study is expected to provide practical guidance for researchers in designing and implementing effective and ethical survey research.

Course recommendation aims to find suitable and attractive courses for students based on their needs, playing a significant role in the curricula-variable system. However, with the abundant available courses, students often face cognitive overload when selecting the most appropriate ones. This research proposes a course recommendation system called the Enhanced Hybrid Course Recommender to address this challenge. This system uses an ensemble learning approach to combine and leverage the power of multiple machine learning classifiers, including Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Machine. By utilizing TF-IDF vectorization for text data transformation and label encoding for target label compatibility, this experiment significantly enhances recommendation precision and relevance, easing students' decision-making process and improving the overall quality of course recommendations. A hybrid approach is applied to improve the recommendation quality by combining predictions from all three classifiers through weighted voting. This ensemble method improves overall robustness and accuracy. This approach not only mitigates the cognitive overload faced by students but also significantly improves the quality of recommendations. Our hybrid model represents a substantial advancement in personalized course recommendation technology by demonstrating superior performance across key evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ARHR, and NDCG.

Indonesia has consistently failed to meet its tax revenue targets in recent years, primarily due to extensive shadow economy activities aimed at tax evasion. This study seeks to measure the sensitivity of cash demand in estimating the shadow economy across Indonesia's 34 provinces during the post-tax amnesty period from 2016 to 2022 and to assess its impact on potential tax revenue losses. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, the research employs panel data regression with a Random Effects Model. The shadow economy is estimated using a monetary approach model based on cash demand sensitivity. The dependent variables include total currency demand and potential tax revenue, while the independent variables comprise tax burden, inflation rate, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), financial and technological innovation (represented by internet use for financial purposes), and the shadow economy. The findings reveal that the tax burden, inflation, and financial/technological innovations do not significantly influence cash demand, whereas income has a significant positive effect. Moreover, the shadow economy substantially affects potential tax revenue losses. On average, the shadow economy across the 34 provinces amounts to IDR 292.152 billion, with an average potential tax revenue loss of IDR 35.306 billion

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi peran penting pengawasan partisipatif yang melibatkan masyarakat untuk ikut serta mengawasi terselenggaranya Pemilu. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data meliputi sumber data dan sekunder, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah teknik triangulasi sumber. Analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program pengawasan partisipatif Bawaslu Kota Semarang menjadi program unggulan dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mengawasi terselenggaranya Pemilu sehingga malapraktik atau pelanggaran dalam  Pemilu dapat diminimalisir. Inovasi model pengawasan partisipatif Bawaslu Kota Semarang dilaksanakan melalui enam program antara lain Pendidikan Pengawas Partisipatif, Forum Warga Pengawasan Partisipatif, Pojok Pengawasan, Kerjasama dengan Perguruan Tinggi, Kampung Pengawasan Partisipatif, dan Komunitas Digital Pengawasan Partisipatif. Model pengawasan partisipatif Bawaslu Kota Semarang mencakup model meluas dan terbatas.