This activity aims to increase awareness of children, parents, and teachers about the importance of choosing healthy snacks for the health and development of children at Wadi Fatimah Kindergarten.. The counseling program involved 73 children and utilized interactive methods such as PowerPoint presentations, educational animated videos, food replicas, group discussions, and practical simulations. The results showed a significant increase in children's understanding of healthy snacks, from 35% to 82%, as well as increased parental and teacher involvement in guiding snack choices. The methods used proved effective in creating an engaging and meaningful learning experience. This study recommends periodic evaluations and further collaboration to sustain long-term impacts.

Breast cancer is a rare disease in men, accounting for approximately 0.5-1% of all breast cancer cases. Although current data show a slow increase in incidence, epidemiological data on male breast cancer are still limited compared with female breast cancer due to its rarity. This case study discusses a 70 year old man with a previous history of invasive ductal carcinoma who presented with complaints of a hard lump in the right breast that had recurred several times. Biopsy results showed invasive ductal carcinoma. The patient had previously undergone a radical mastectomy of the right breast, but the patient refused adjuvant chemotherapy after the initial dissection. Based on the tumor stage, it was found to be T4bN1M0 and then a mastectomy was performed. Based on this case, it was found that the importance of complete and comprehensive treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma in men is expected to become a guide to promote additional treatment for removal of the primary tumor in male breast cancer.

This thesis aims to determine the competition of the Tifany mini market business with other modern markets in Muara Bulian sub-district and to determine the marketing strategy of the Tifany Mini Market to survive the competition of the modern market in Muara Bulian sub-district. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods by conducting observations, interviews, documentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the research conclusions obtained from interviews with informants revealed that, 1) the competition in the retail business in the city of Muara Bulian Jambi is indeed very tight, this is because more modern retailers have emerged such as Alfamart and Indomart, so that retailers from the area themselves must be ready to compete, 2) What makes the Tifany Mini Market survive in the midst of the booming modern retail business is in the success of the Tifany Mini Market, the first thing to do is to maintain product quality, in addition to the quality of service and trust in consumers for loyal customers are allowed to be in debt so that consumers remain loyal to the Tifany Mini Market. In addition, continuing to add appropriate and more adequate facilities so that customers feel safe and comfortable when they are in the store and supported by a strategic location makes the Tiffany Mini Market able to successfully survive and compete amidst the booming retail business.

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between audit report latency and profitability, firm size, and leverage.  This study falls under the category of quantitative research. The data utilised in it comes from secondary sources, specifically the company's annual financial report that can be found on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) website for the years 2020–2023.  With the use of a purposive sampling strategy, we were able to collect 236 pieces of observational data from 59 different companies.  The statistical package used for data processing in this study is SPSS 27, and the kind of data analysis that was employed is multiple linear regression analysis.  The study found that audit report lag is positively but insignificantly affected by leverage, firm size negatively but significantly affects audit report lag, and profitability negatively but insignificantly affects audit report lag.

Education plays a crucial role in shaping students' character based on Pancasila values. However, in the era of globalization, these values are increasingly eroded by external cultural influences. To address this, Islamic-based schools integrate Pancasila values into school culture through various religious activities. This study aims to analyze how the Islamic-based school culture at SMA Islam Al Ulum Terpadu Medan contributes to strengthening Pancasila values. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews with teachers and student organization leaders (Rohis), and questionnaires distributed to 40 students from grades X, XI, and XII. The findings indicate that various programs, such as Tadarus before lessons, Hafalan Tahfiz, Tarbiyah Ramadhan, and Pesantren Kilat, help instill discipline, teamwork, and social awareness among students. Approximately 75% of students reported that these activities enhanced their understanding and practice of Pancasila values in daily life. However, the study also identified several challenges, including a lack of variation in teaching methods and the need for innovation to make activities more engaging for students. Therefore, developing more interactive and innovative methods is necessary to improve the effectiveness of these programs in shaping students' character based on Pancasila.

In the modern construction industry, accuracy and efficiency in volume calculations are crucial aspects of project success. This study compares two methods for calculating the volume of pile caps and reinforcement: the manual method and the Building Information Modeling (BIM)-based method. The manual method has long been used but has limitations in terms of time efficiency and a higher risk of errors. In contrast, the BIM method offers more accurate and efficient calculations through software-based digital modeling. This study employs a descriptive-comparative quantitative approach by analyzing volume calculation data using both methods. The results indicate that the BIM method has a higher level of accuracy, with a concrete volume of 1,822.87 m³ and reinforcement of 148,862.80 kg, compared to the manual method, which produced a concrete volume of 1,842.17 m³ and reinforcement of 150,279.05 kg. The comparison of pile cap volume calculations shows that the BIM method achieves 98.95% effectiveness in concrete volume calculations and 99.06% effectiveness in reinforcement calculations compared to the manual method. Additionally, the BIM method has proven to be more efficient in reducing calculation time and minimizing input errors. Thus, BIM is more recommended for large-scale projects that require high accuracy and efficiency in construction volume calculations. However, the manual method remains relevant as a validation tool and for small projects with technological limitations. This study highlights the importance of adopting digital technology in the construction industry to enhance productivity and project planning effectiveness.
 
 

Inclusive education in Indonesia faces various challenges, including limited teacher competency, minimal facilities and infrastructure, and low community support for Children with Special Needs (ABK). In addition, obstacles such as negative stigma, lack of training for educators, and policies that are not yet optimal also hamper its implementation. To overcome this, training and improving the quality of teachers, provision of adequate facilities, changes in community paradigms through socialization, and collaboration between schools, government, and the community are needed. Inclusive education can only be successful if it is supported comprehensively by all parties, with a strategic and sustainable approach.

Inclusive education in North Sumatra faces various challenges in its implementation, especially in meeting the needs of children with special needs (ABK). This study aims to identify the challenges and needs of educational units in implementing inclusive education for ABK. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, involving in-depth interviews with teachers, principals, parents, and education stakeholders. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges include the lack of understanding and readiness of teachers in handling ABK, limited supporting facilities and infrastructure, and minimal adequate training and resources. On the other hand, the main needs identified are increasing teacher capacity through special training, providing accessible facilities, and strong policy support from the local government. This study concludes that to achieve successful implementation of inclusive education, collaboration between the government, schools, parents, and the community is needed in overcoming challenges and meeting existing needs. Recommendations submitted include strengthening teacher training programs, increasing budget allocation for facilities and infrastructure, and more intensive socialization of the importance of inclusive education for all levels of society.

Neuropati diabetika merupakan komplikasi serius pada penyandang diabetes melitus (DM) yang dapat menyebabkan kecacatan akibat ulserasi, amputasi, dan gangguan mobilitas. Skrining dini sangat penting untuk mendeteksi neuropati lebih awal dan mencegah komplikasi. Namun, masih banyak kasus neuropati diabetika yang tidak terdeteksi di Jayapura. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei analitik. Responden adalah penyandang DM tipe 2 di RSUD Jayapura, RS Dian Harapan, PKM Abepura dan PKM Kotaraja.  yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Deteksi dini neuropati dilakukan menggunakan Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), Ipswich Touch Test (IpTT), dan Monofilament Test. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan perangkat lunak statistik sederhana. Dari 91 responden yang diperiksa, sebagian besar mengalami gejala neuropati perifer yang meliputi kram otot, kelemahan, rasa tertusuk dan terbakar, nyeri seperti terbakar, serta kulit kering dan pecah-pecah. Hanya 24 responden yang sebelumnya telah diinformasikan oleh dokter mengenai neuropati diabetika. Pada Monofilament Test, hampir setengah dari responden tidak merasakan sentuhan pada beberapa titik, menunjukkan neuropati perifer. Skrining IpTT mengidentifikasi 75 responden mengalami neuropati, dengan beberapa di antaranya tidak dapat merasakan hingga enam sentuhan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tingginya prevalensi neuropati perifer pada penyandang DM tipe 2 di Jayapura, yang sebagian besar belum terdeteksi sebelumnya. Skrining dini dengan MNSI, IpTT, dan Monofilament Test efektif dalam mengidentifikasi neuropati diabetika, sehingga dapat membantu intervensi lebih awal untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.

Indonesia memiliki tradisi budaya yang kaya dan beragam. Tradisi budaya adalah komponen penting dari kehidupan masyarakat, yang dapat menunjukkan identitas dan prinsip-prinsip yang dianut oleh suatu kelompok. Seperti halnya tradisi budaya yang masih terus digunakan hingga saat ini oleh masyarakat aboge yang ada di Desa Pagelaran yaitu tradisi ritual sesajen dalam pernikahan. Adanya sudut pandang masyarakat yang berbeda-beda dan juga keyakinan dalam ritual sesajen pernikahan untuk menghindari hal-hal buruk yang dapat terjadi. Peneliti akan mengkaji dengan menggunakan perspektif ‘urf dengan beberapa rumusan yakni: (1) Apa motif yang melatarbelakangi adanya tradisi ritual sesajen dalam pernikahan masyarakat Islam aboge di Desa Pagelaran. (2) Bagaimana praktik tradisi ritual sesajen dalam pernikahan masyarakat Islam aboge ditinjau dari perspektif ‘urf. (3) Mengapa praktik tradisi ritual sesajen dalam pernikahan tumbuh dinamis dikalangan masyarakat Islam aboge di Desa Pagelaran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah empiris sebagai salah satu bentuk penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan menggunakan pendekatan antropologis. Lokasi dari penelitian ini berada di Desa Pagelaran Kecamatan Pagelaran Kabupaten Malang. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu sumber data primer berupa wawancara dan sumber data sekunder yang berasal dari dokumen-dokumen seperti penelitian jurnal terkait sesajen dan yang terkait pembahasan dalam penelitian, buku dan kitab ushul fiqh, dan juga referensi tambahan lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) motif yang melatarbelakangi adanya tradisi ritual sesajen dalam pernikahan masyarakat Islam aboge di Desa Pagelaran terjadi karena adanya motif sosial-budaya, sosial-keagamaan, sosial keamanan, dan sosial-kerukunan. (2) Praktik tradisi ritual sesajen yang dilakukan jika dilihat dari pespektif urf, tradisi tersebut masuk kedalam urf shahih sebab memenuhi syarat, begitu pula bisa menjadi ‘urf fasid dengan beberapa sebab lainnya. (3) Tradisi ritual sesajen pernikahan tumbuh dinamis dikalangan masyarakat Islam aboge, dapat dilihat dari segi ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan alam yang memiliki banyak manfaat.