This study explores the development of integrated language skills assessment instruments for Korean as a foreign language (KFL) learners in higher education, addressing the need for tools that reflect real-world communicative demands. Grounded in theoretical frameworks such as Bachman and Palmer's Communicative Language Ability model[1] and Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory[2], the research employed a mixed-methods approach, including needs analysis[6], corpus studies, and pilot testing. The research process involved three primary phases: First, a comprehensive needs analysis was conducted among KFL instructors and students to identify assessment gaps and priorities. Second, authentic Korean language materials were collected to create a corpus that informed the development of contextualized assessment tasks. Finally, the instruments underwent rigorous pilot testing with 127 KFL students across three Indonesian universities.The developed assessment instruments integrate reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills through task-based scenarios that mirror authentic Korean language use contexts. These include collaborative problem-solving activities, multimedia-based comprehension tasks, and culturally situated role-plays. Statistical analysis demonstrated high inter-rater reliability (r=0.87) and construct validity when compared with established Korean proficiency measures.Results demonstrated the instruments' reliability, validity, and cultural relevance, fostering holistic skill development and promoting positive washback on teaching and learning practices. Implementation of these instruments led to significant improvements in students' integrated language performance and motivation. The study contributes to the field of Korean language assessment by providing empirically validated tools that bridge classroom learning with real-world language application in higher education contexts.

Low voter participation in rural areas is often a problem in elections. Effective socialization is considered as one way to increase voter awareness and participation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of election socialization conducted by the Kuningan Regency Communication and Information Office in increasing voter participation in rural areas. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews and observations. The research participants consisted of villagers, election officers, and related parties involved in the socialization. The results showed that the socialization of elections conducted by the Kuningan Regency Communication and Information Office was effective in increasing public awareness and knowledge about elections. This has an impact on increasing voter participation in rural areas. However, there are challenges in reaching certain groups of people, especially those who live in remote areas and have limited access to information. While socialization has been successful in increasing participation, there is still a need for a more inclusive and adaptive approach to local conditions. This research recommends utilizing social media and other interactive methods, such as hands-on training or the use of technology, to more effectively reach hard-to-reach groups.

The Personnel Information System at the Jayapura City Transportation Office aims to increase efficiency and effectiveness in managing personnel data. In today's digital era, manual data management has limitations that affect the speed and accuracy of information. Therefore, a computerized information system is necessary for better management of employee data. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the personnel information system at the Jayapura City Transportation Office, as well as evaluate its impact on personnel administration performance. The methods used in this study include direct observation of the system in use, interviews with staff and system managers, and analysis of the system's effectiveness in improving data management. The system was evaluated in terms of its ability to streamline administrative tasks, facilitate easy access to personnel data, and enhance overall efficiency in managing personnel information. The results of the study indicate that the system has successfully optimized employee data management, improved administrative efficiency, and made access to information faster and more accurate. However, some obstacles were identified, such as the need for further training for staff to use the system optimally and occasional technical issues with system integration. Despite these challenges, the personnel information system has proven to be an essential tool for improving the overall performance of the personnel administration at the Jayapura City Transportation Office. The study concludes with recommendations for further system enhancements and the importance of ongoing staff training to ensure the system's continued success.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Sailors' Satisfaction in the Online Seafarer Book Issuance Service at the KSOP Class III Tanjung Wangi Office. This study analyzes the factors that influence sailors' satisfaction in the Online Seafarer Book issuance service at the KSOP Class III Tanjung Wangi Office. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of Service Quality, Ease of Use, and Data Security, both individually and collectively, on ship operators' satisfaction. The method used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis on data obtained through questionnaires. Although the hypothesis suggested an expected simultaneous relationship between the independent variables (Ease of Use, Service Quality, and Data Security) and the dependent variable (Sailors' Satisfaction), the research findings indicate that this relationship did not materialize. These findings require further analysis to identify factors that may have caused the discrepancy in results, such as the presence of unaccounted variables or the use of an inappropriate analytical model.

This research develops a prototype of an automatic watering device based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and a soil moisture sensor to improve the efficiency of watering crops in agricultural fields. The main problem addressed is the consistency and efficiency of watering in large agricultural fields, where traditional management is prone to human error and inefficient water use. The developed prototype uses an ESP8266 microcontroller (NodeMCU) as the brain of the system connected to a Wi-Fi network, allowing remote monitoring and control via the Blynk application. A soil moisture sensor is used to detect soil conditions in real-time, triggering watering only when needed. This helps optimize water use and increase agricultural productivity sustainably. This research outlines the methodological steps from design, manufacturing, to implementation of the prototype in the field. Evaluation of the results shows that the system successfully regulates watering effectively based on soil conditions, with positive responses from farmers as end users.

This study aims to explore the optimization of pedagogical competence of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in the application of problem-based learning (PBM) methods at SMP Negeri 4 Pagaran, North Tapanuli Regency. Teachers' pedagogical competence has a crucial role in designing and implementing effective learning processes, especially in the context of implementing PBM methods that aim to improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This study uses a qualitative research method with a library approach from book and journal theories to explore information on how PAK teachers implement their pedagogical competence in PBM. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Pagaran have optimized their pedagogical competence in adapting the PBM method by focusing on the characteristics of student development which is carried out with a more personal approach. This study concludes that increasing training and development of pedagogical competence for PAK teachers through the application of PBM methods is very effective in improving the quality of learning at SMP Negeri 4 Pagaran.

There is a decline in student morality and the intention of student independence in carrying out worship. Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers are very important in directing moral understanding and producing independence in worship. This study explores PAK teachers’ roles in facing moral challenges in the digital era. With a qualitative paradigm and a literature review approach, this study describes the roles of PAK teachers in shaping morals and spirituality as a form of interactive and contextual learning. The study results show that PAK teachers’ role is significant in shaping moral awareness and independence of worship. The role of PAK teachers is key to building a generation with a solid moral foundation and can carry out worship according to Christian teachings.

Human Resources (SDI) are non-material assets in an organization or company. Good Human Resource Management (SDI) / Human Resource Management (MSDI) has a positive impact on the quality of public services. A good work program will be hampered if the Human Resources within it are passive in carrying out their responsibilities. This is due to challenges that do not receive special attention from the Banyuwangi Culture and Tourism Office. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews and in-depth observations of staff and employees of the Banyuwangi Culture and Tourism Office.  Based on the results of observations, the challenges faced include limited resources, lack of training and development, lack of awareness and understanding of responsibilities, and piling up of individual tasks. The aim of this research is to provide solutions that can be implemented to face the challenges faced by the Banyuwangi Culture and Tourism Office.

Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is an approach to changing hygiene and sanitation behavior through community empowerment activities by triggering. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of pillars 1 and 3 of CLTS in reducing the incidence of stunting in the Pangkep Regency. The research method used an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in 2023 and the population of this study were all heads of families in the subdistrict that have stunting incidence in Pangkep Regency. Sampling using accidental sampling technique was taken in Taraweang Village, Labakkang District as many as 63 heads of families, and in Buwong Cindea Village, Bungoro District as many as 78 heads of families. The research instrument used a questionnaire based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that there was a relationship between the implementation of Pillar 1 and Pillar 3 of Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) in reducing the incidence of stunting in Taraweang Village, Labakkang District, and Buwong Cindea Village, Bungoro District, Pangkep Regency with the results of statistical tests obtained at (0.05 < 0.05) and (0.002 < 0.05). It is necessary to implement CLTS comprehensively so that the results of public health achievements can be maximized and the incidence of stunting can be prevented.

Stunting remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, particularly among children aged 6-59 months. Stunting, defined as low height-for-age, results from chronic undernutrition during the most critical periods of growth and development. This study aims to analyze the sociodemographic and socio-cultural factors associated with stunting in Gorontalo, Indonesia, to inform targeted interventions. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 325 children aged 6-59 months, selected consecutively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering seven sociodemographic and two sociocultural factors, alongside the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was performed using Chi-Square tests, while multivariate analysis employed Logistic Regression to identify significant predictors of stunting. The prevalence of stunting among the sample was 35.7%. Bivariate analysis identified Birth Length, Birth Weight, Family Income, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary Foods, Food Diversity, and Parenting as factors associated with stunting. Multivariate analysis revealed that Birth Length (OR=0.377; 95% CI: 0.188-0.754), Birth Weight (OR=0.231; 95% CI: 0.095-0.561), Exclusive Breastfeeding (OR=0.307; 95% CI: 0.164-0.575), and Food Diversity (OR=0.064; 95% CI: 0.033-0.123) were significant protective factors against stunting. Conversely, Family Income and Education were identified as confounding factors. The findings underscore the critical importance of the first 1000 days of life in preventing stunting. Efforts should improve maternal nutrition to ensure optimal birth weight and length, promote exclusive breastfeeding, and enhance dietary diversity among young children. Addressing these factors can significantly reduce the prevalence of stunting and improve child health outcomes in Gorontalo.