The increasing complexity and dynamics of the business environment at local, regional, and global levels have driven PT PLN (Persero)’s Internal Audit Unit (SPI) to adopt a Purpose-Driven Internal Audit approach, positioning the audit function as a strategic partner for long-term organizational success. However, the Internal Stakeholder Satisfaction Index for assurance services in the Construction, Generation, and New Renewable Energy Audit Division (AKP) fell short of its targets in 2023 and 2024. This study aims to analyze the impact of audit service quality—comprising tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy—on auditee satisfaction. Using a quantitative approach with PLS-SEM and Importance–Performance Map Analysis (IPMA), data were collected from AKP Division auditees in 2024. The results show that all dimensions of audit service quality positively and significantly influence satisfaction, with responsiveness and empathy being the most dominant factors. The findings offer practical insights for SPI PLN in prioritizing service improvements based on user perceptions and provide theoretical support for the SERVQUAL model as a key psychological mechanism in fostering satisfaction within trust-based professional services

This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership style and work environment on employee loyalty at PT Sumber Bintang Rejeki, a multinational garment company based in Semarang. The main issue addressed is the limited comprehensive understanding of how these two factors simultaneously impact employee loyalty in labor-intensive garment industries. This research employs a quantitative explanatory approach involving 141 respondents selected using Slovin’s formula. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that both leadership style and work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee loyalty, with the work environment having a more dominant influence. These findings highlight the importance of integrating effective leadership practices with a supportive work environment to enhance employee loyalty. The study contributes to the development of human resource management theory and offers strategic recommendations for employee management in the garment industry. The research is limited by its focus on a single location and a narrow scope of variables, suggesting future studies explore broader variables and settings to deepen insights.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work ethic, work relationships, and work environment on work motivation and its impact on teacher performance at SMA Negeri Jakarta Timur 1. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through questionnaires and analyzed statistically. The results indicate that the implementation of work ethic, work relationships, and work environment at the school received very positive evaluations from the teachers. Work ethic and work environment were found to have a significant direct effect on work motivation, while work relationships did not show a direct effect on motivation. On the other hand, work ethic and work relationships had a direct impact on teacher performance, whereas the work environment did not show a direct influence on performance. Teacher work motivation also proved to significantly affect performance improvement. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening work ethic and the quality of work relationships in enhancing teacher motivation and performance within educational settings.

This study aims to determine the Effect of Working Capital, E-Commerce Users, and Internal Control Systems on MSME Income in Medan Deli District. This study uses primary data, primary data obtained from answers to a series of statements in the form of questionnaires to MSMEs in Medan Deli District totaling 80 respondents. The research sample uses purposive sampling technique and also in this study is determined by the slovin method in MSMEs in Medan Deli District. The method of distributing questionnaires through several questionnaire sheets is divided into employees, and also through google form. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Based on the results of partial testing, it shows that there is a positive and significant influence between Working Capital on MSME Income. Based on the results of partial testing, it shows that there is a positive and significant influence between E-Commerce User Empowerment on MSME Income, Internal control systems have a positive and significant effect on MSME Income. Based on the results of simultaneous testing, there is a relationship between the Effect of Working Capital, E-Commerce Users, and Internal Control Systems on MSME Income.

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has brought significant changes in digital marketing strategies, allowing businesses to increase efficiency, personalization, and market reach. This research aims to identify forms of AI use in digital marketing, analyse implementation challenges, and explore opportunities that can be maximized by business actors, mainly digital MSMEs in the city of Palembang. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through literature studies and semi-structured interviews with business actors and digital marketing practitioners. The results show that AI has been utilized in various forms, such as chatbots, product recommendation systems, targeted advertising, predictive analytics, and content automation. However, its implementation still faces challenges, including low technology literacy, limited human resources, infrastructure costs, and data privacy issues. On the other hand, tremendous opportunities are opening up through personalizing consumer experience, operational efficiency, data-driven product development, and expanding the global digital market. This research is expected to make a theoretical contribution to the development of technology-based marketing literature and become a practical reference for business actors in utilizing AI strategically and sustainably.
 

The school productivity of each institution needs to be considered in order to create optimal graduate results. School productivity needs to be considered because it affects the growth and development of the institution. Therefore, this study was conducted where in the observation there were problems, especially at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in Klari District, Karawang. The research method used is descriptive method and verification method. Population of 240 teachers, sample of 150 teachers, Non Probability sampling technique, based on sample provisions by Slovin, data collection technique questionnaire "Likert scale" and data processing technique path analysis and using SPSS version 25 application. Teacher competency variables can be stated in the category of good enough and running optimally, organizational culture variables can be stated in the category of good enough and so is the motivation variable is in the category of good enough and has an effect on school productivity in integrated Islamic elementary schools in Klari District, Karawang. Teacher competency, organizational culture and motivation have a significant relationship. Teacher competency on school productivity also has a greater influence. This study aims to determine how much influence teacher competence have on school productivity at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in Klari District, Karawang. This study was conducted at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in Klari District, Karawang.

The Dayak Sanggau community practices a number of cultural traditions during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, reflecting a blend of spiritual beliefs and medical needs. This study employed a qualitative method with a literature review (library research) approach to explore pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum practices among the Dayak Sanggau people. The findings identified supportive practices such as spousal involvement and basic check-ups by traditional midwives, as well as potentially harmful practices including non-sterile vaginal examinations, childbirth in the kitchen area, and the use of alcoholic herbal concoctions for infants. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding local culture and integrating medical education so that positive traditional practices can be preserved, while risky ones are minimized through culturally sensitive interventions.

Abstract. Background: Slimming drugs, such as phentermine, are widely used for weight reduction but are known to induce oxidative stress, particularly affecting hepatic and renal tissues. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), especially those biosynthesized using natural sources like spirulina platensis, have demonstrated promising antioxidant and protective activities in biological systems.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the protective effects of selenium nanoparticles synthesized from spirulina platensis extract on renal and hepatic functions in male rats exposed to phentermine induced oxidative stress.
Methods: Twenty-six adult male wistar rats were divided into five experimental groups: control group (dosed with water n=5), SeNPs group (dosed with SeNPs n=5), phentermine group (dosed with phentermine n=5), SeNPs then phentermine group (dosed with SeNPs then phentermine n=5), phentermine then SeNPs group (dosed with phentermine then SeNPs n=5). The experiment lasted for 45 days, the measurement of cytokines IL-6, IL-12, TOS and TO-AC.
Results: Phentermine administration significantly increased cytokines IL-6, IL-12 indicating marked oxidative stress and immune activation. Treatment with SeNPs alone or in combination with phentermine notably improved these parameters. The group dosed with SeNPs prior to phentermine (SeNPs then phentermine) showed the most prominent protective effects with values approaching those of the control.
Conclusions: Selenium nanoparticles from spirulina platensis demonstrated significant protective, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects against phentermine induced immune disturbances. These findings support their potential

This study aims to analyze the importance of building trust and mutual understanding among organizational members to enhance team performance and work effectiveness at Greet Bear Bowl Restaurant. Trust is developed through open communication, organizational justice, and recognition of individual contributions. Meanwhile, mutual understanding is supported by active participation, aligned goals, and a positive organizational culture. The study adopts a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews with four permanent employees. The results indicate that trust and understanding play a crucial role in strengthening work relationships, improving coordination, and supporting the effective and sustainable achievement of organizational goals.

Several of the best-selling small-molecule medications and natural alkaloids contain piperidine, a crucial saturated heterocyclic scaffold with a wide variety of biological functions. The hydrazide-hydrazone moiety's exceptional use in the pharmacological and biological domains made it particularly appealing. Objective: Designing and synthesizing a novel set of 4-Piperidin-1-yl-benzoic acid substituted hydrazides, Ac1-c3 and Bc1-c5, as potentially antimicrobial agents and characterizing them using IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Methods: By esterifying 4- Piperidin-1-yl-benzoic acid Ac1 and then treating with hydrazine hydrate it to produce Ac3 in a good yield. The hydrazide Ac3 was condensed with the proper aldehydes or ketone to synthesis the hydrazones Bc1–c5. The in vitro bacterial activity was evaluated anti two Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, as well as two Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Results: The majority of tested compounds demonstrated significant efficacy anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. Notably, compound Bc3 emerged as the most effective derivative within the series. Conclusions: The Compounds (Bc1–c4) that were synthesized demonstrated moderate to good antimicrobial activity against a number of bacterias species and Candida albicans.