Does the presence of Facebook social media make changes in interactions, which are usually active housewives gossiping (light discussions) on the porch of the house, after the presence of Facebook social media, housewives choose to interact online rather than face to face. This research was conducted in Partali Toruan Village using qualitative research methods and informants who became informants were housewives in Partali Toruan Village. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, documentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that Facebook has an impact on changes in interaction patterns in mothers in Partali Toruan Village, North Tapanuli Regency and these changes are planned changes or come from one's own will. Meanwhile, the conclusions based on the researcher's sub-problems are as follows: Most of the core of the negative impact of Facebook on changes in interaction patterns with family and the Partali Toruan community environment on mothers in Partali Toruan Village, North Tapanuli Regency is making Facebook social media a money field, namely by selling online, and eliminating boredom. Facebook has a negative impact if its users misuse Facebook as a life regulator.

This study aims to specifically examine aspects of the learning process in elementary schools, which have an important role in building the academic foundation and character of students. The teacher's teaching style, which includes the way of delivering material, interaction, and strategies for creating a learning environment, is one of the determining factors for successful learning. The literature review method was used to analyze national literature, with the results showing a significant influence of the teacher's teaching style on elementary school students' learning motivation. Interactive and adaptive teaching styles have proven effective in increasing learning interest.

Academic stress has become a common problem that needs to be considered carefully. Self-efficacy is a person's belief in understanding their ability to complete academic tasks based on self-confidence about the achievements obtained. Students have relevant corrections between learning outcomes and the academic stress they have. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy as an effort to deal with academic stress in elementary school students. This study uses a literature review method from previous studies with sources used from Google Scholar and the selected journal years have been published in 2021-2025. The results of this study indicate that self-efficacy has an influence on academic stress in elementary school students and provides insight for educators into optimal psychological and academic development of children.

This research aims to analyze the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure on stock returns on mining sector companies, especially coal mines listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2023. Research uses a quantitative approach to the type of documentation research. Research uses secondary data collected from annual financial statements, corporate sustainability reports, and websites that present published CSR disclosures. The sample in the study consisted of 10 coal sector mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which were selected based on certain criteria using purposive sampling. Hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis. The independent variable on research is CSR disclosure calculated using CSR index based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) assessment standards found in the Company's financial statements. The dependent variable in the study was stock return. This study found that CSR disclosures had no significant effect on stock returns. This can be affected by several factors and certain conditions that cause no effect on CSR disclosure on stock returns.

Product innovation is a key factor in increasing business competitiveness amidst increasingly fierce global competition. This research analyzes the role of product innovation on a company's competitive advantage. This study highlights how new product development, feature differentiation, and quality improvement can strengthen a company's position in the market. The research results show that companies that consistently adopt innovation strategies are able to increase market share, customer loyalty and profitability. Apart from that, collaboration between departments, the use of cutting-edge technology, and response to consumer needs also play an important role in the success of innovation. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of a culture of innovation and sustainable investment in research and development as the key to winning business competition in various industries.

Anemia is a condition when hemoglobin levels are below normal, disrupting the oxygen supply to body tissues. This study aims to determine the effect of chicken egg and citrus fruit consumption on hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls with mild to moderate anemia at SMAN Darmaraja in 2025. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and a one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 30 adolescent girls who had hemoglobin levels between 8–11.9 g/dL were divided into treatment and control groups. The intervention was in the form of giving boiled chicken eggs and citrus fruit for six consecutive days. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the treatment group, while the control group did not experience significant changes. The Mann-Whitney test also showed a significant difference between the two groups after treatment. These results prove that consumption of chicken eggs and citrus fruit has a positive effect on increasing hemoglobin levels. The protein, iron, and vitamin content in both ingredients play an important role in improving hemoglobin levels. The implications of this study indicate that this simple food combination can be an alternative non-pharmacological nutritional therapy for adolescent girls with anemia..

The primary objective of this paper is to effect of the use of Financial Technology (FinTech) and Social Media on Increasing MSME Income in Sidoarjo. With the existence of Financial Technology, it will be easier to manage finances and make transactions, while Social Media has an important role in marketing and branding. A quantitative research approach was used for this investigation. Primary data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 30 participating MSMEs in Sidoarjo Regency. The data obtained will be analyzed using the SPSS 24 application to. Research results reveal that Financial Technology and Social Media simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on increasing MSME income, where FinTech can increase the efficiency of transactions and financial management and Social Media has a greater impact on increasing market reach, as evidenced by the t-count value of 32.585> t table, which is 3.354 and sig. value of 0.000 <0.05.

Industrialization has been a major driver in Indonesia’s transition from an agrarian to a modern economy. Its contribution to productivity growth, job creation, and economic diversification makes it a strategic component of national development. The integration between industry and other sectors such as agriculture, services, trade, and labor proves essential in strengthening competitiveness and achieving inclusive growth. Findings indicate that despite its potential, industrialization in Indonesia still faces challenges such as import dependency, limited skilled labor, and regional disparities. Therefore, future industrial strategies should focus on enhancing sectoral linkages, promoting equitable development, and improving human capital and infrastructure capacity to support sustainable economic growth.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the income of coffee shop businesses in Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, by integrating both traditional and digital factors. Specifically, the research examines the effects of capital, operating hours, selling price, number of customers, and the use of e-money on coffee shop income. Using a quantitative approach, the study applies multiple regression analysis to investigate the relationships between these variables. The findings reveal that both traditional factors such as business capital and operating hours, as well as modern factors like e-money usage, have a significant impact on the income of coffee shop businesses in Kintamani. This research not only fills a gap in the existing literature but also offers practical insights for business actors in the coffee shop industry, particularly in high-tourism areas like Kintamani.
 

This article discusses the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage in the evaluation of Indonesian language learning among university students. The study explains that AI is used by students to help understand the material, improve assignments, and receive feedback more quickly. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, the article also explores students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of AI in supporting academic evaluation. It highlights ethical and technical challenges that arise, such as technological dependency and the low level of lecturer involvement in the use of AI. In addition to outlining key survey findings, the article provides an overview of the benefits, drawbacks, and potential of AI in enhancing the quality of educational evaluation.