This study aims to apply integral calculus methods to calculate the volume and arc length of an ice cream cone design shaped like a flower petal. The cone design is modeled using a quadratic function derived from three reference points on the petal curve. Using the solid of revolution method around the y-axis, the calculated petal volume is 150.8 cm³, and the arc length is 7.14 cm. The results demonstrate that calculus-based modeling supports efficient material usage while enhancing aesthetic and functional aspects of packaging. This research highlights the connection between mathematical concepts and practical product design in the food industry

Gender identity is part of human existence in society. In Indonesia, the diversity of gender identities other than male and female, such as waria (male and female), often causes social and cultural debates. Waria are a group that are biologically born as men but express themselves as women, both in appearance and behavior. The acceptance of waria in society is not uniform. On the one hand, some people show a tolerant attitude, especially in urban areas that are more open to diversity. On the other hand, negative stigmas against waria are still widely found, which are affected by their limited access to education, work, health services, and public spaces in general. This study uses a qualitative research type. The subjects of this study are waria in Jember City. In this study, researchers use qualitative methods in collecting data by conducting direct observations to obtain data by writing, recording and explaining what is happening to get the right information. In this study, the phenomenological method was also used by searching for data through face-to-face interviews with informants and meeting the agreed informants.

This study aims to examine the application of mala in se and mala per se concepts in the counter-terrorism policy in Indonesia, based on Law Number 15 of 2003 in conjunction with Law Number 5 of 2018. Terrorism is categorized as an extraordinary crime that causes serious harm both nationally and internationally. This research employs a literature review and normative legal approach to analyze the application of criminal law norms within the context of human rights protection. The findings show that terrorism, as a mala in se offense, requires a comprehensive legal approach that prioritizes not only national security but also the protection of civil rights. The enforcement of anti-terrorism laws, if applied too broadly and harshly, may violate the principles of due process and substantive justice. Therefore, counter-terrorism efforts must be based on the pro justitia principle, supported by independent oversight and active civil society participation to prevent abuse of power and maintain the integrity of the legal system.

This research was conducted to describe the impact of fatherlessness on children's socio-emotional conditions. This topic was chosen because the presence of a father in a child's life has a very important role in shaping the child's socio-emotional aspects. However, the phenomenon of fatherlessness is increasing in society, whether due to divorce, problems in marriage, father's death, or fathers working outside the city. This research uses a systematic literature review to analyze data obtained from various sources. Based on the data findings, it can be seen that children who experience fatherlessness tend to have low self-confidence, have difficulty adapting to the social environment, and experience socio-emotional problems such as loneliness and loss. These impacts can be seen from various phases of development starting from early childhood, adolescence, even to early adulthood.

The problem in this study is the Influence of Letter Box Media on Literacy Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children at PAUD Harapenta Namuseng. This study aims to determine the influence of letter box media on literacy skills of 5-6 year old children. The method used in the study is a quantitative method, with a one group pretest-posttest design. The research sample was 10 children aged 5-6 years. The data collection technique used was observation. Using the Wilcoxon test, namely by comparing Tcount with Ttable N = 10 ? = 0.05 Ttable = 8 where Tcount> Ttable (55> 8), which means the hypothesis is accepted. So it can be stated that there is an influence of the use of letter box media on literacy skills of 5-6 year old children at PAUD Harapenta Namuseng T.A 2024/2025.

Guided inquiry is recognized as an effective instructional model for Vocational High Schools (SMK), as it actively engages students in systematic exploration and investigation with teacher guidance. This study aims to address the problem of low student engagement and learning outcomes by implementing the guided inquiry model in classroom instruction. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design, conducted over two cycles, each comprising the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection.The participants consisted of 36 students from Class X of the Agribusiness for Food Crops and Horticulture (ATPH) program at SMK Negeri 1 Purwosari during the 2024/2025 academic year. Data collection instruments included student engagement observation sheets, evaluation tests, and documentation, with data analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. The findings revealed that the guided inquiry model significantly improved both student engagement and learning outcomes in the topic of vegetative propagation. Student engagement increased from 32.81% in the pre-cycle to 70.49% in the first cycle and 84.72% in the second cycle. Similarly, the percentage of students achieving mastery in learning outcomes rose from 38.89% in the pre-cycle to 83.33% in the first cycle and reached 100% in the second cycle.

Open-pit mining system mining is greatly influenced by surface runoff, rainwater and groundwater. This surface water runoff is highly dependent on rainfall catchment areas, climate, and land use. Handling surface water runoff entering the mining area by creating water channels in the form of open channels and closed channels. One of the mining methods that is generally carried out in Indonesia is the open-pit mining method, which is widely found in East Kalimantan. Large basins will be created as a result of this mining technique, which could eventually serve as a reservoir for water from both surface runoff and groundwater. Therefore, an analysis of the runoff water output in the sump is required, sump capacity and appropriate pumping ratio so that mining activities can continue. The results of the study obtained the runoff discharge value in the sump was 4,071.37 m3/day, the sump capacity was 207,474.07 m3, the water balance in the sump with a total runoff discharge of 5,871.37 m3/day, and the existing volume of water in the sump was 24,771 m3. evaporation of 4.36 m3/day, infiltration of 91.36 m3/day, and pump discharge of 8,229.27 m3/day. A pumping ratio of 0.71 was obtained.

This research aims to examine the relationship between emotional maturity and adjustment in migrant students at Universitas Negeri Padang. The subjects in this research were migrant students at Universitas Negeri Padang. The number of subjects taken in this research was 109 students. The method used in this research is nonprobability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The measuring instruments used in this research are the emotional maturity scale and the self-adjustment scale. The data obtained in this research were analyzed using the Pearson correlation technique. The results of this study show that there is no significant relationship between emotional maturity and self-adjustment, as shown by the value of r = 0.117 with p = 0.227 (p> 0.05). This shows that there is no relationship between emotional maturity and self-adjustment in Padang State University Migrant Students.
 
 

This study discusses the conflict between Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024 concerning the provision of contraceptives for students with the principles contained in the Child Marriage Law and the National Education System in Indonesia. Although this policy aims to prevent early pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, the provision of contraceptives for students raises concerns because it is considered to legitimize sexual activity among adolescents. This is compared to child protection efforts as stated in the Marriage Law which stipulates the minimum age of marriage and moral values ??in education. This study uses a normative legal approach to analyze the implications of the policy on children's rights, the education system, and social and cultural values. The results of the study indicate that this policy has the potential to violate the goals of national education and child protection. Therefore, a more balanced policy revision is needed, by integrating comprehensive sex education based on moral values, in order to protect children's rights while providing appropriate education for adolescents.

The aim of this study is to understand and explain the implementation process of ensemble learning of the same type in class VII.1 of SMP Negeri 43 Padang. This research falls into the category of qualitative research using descriptive methods. The researcher themselves serve as the main instrument in this study, supported by writing tools and a camera. Data is obtained through literature review, observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions from the data. At the planning stage, the teacher prepares learning tools according to the independent curriculum included in the teaching module. At the implementation stage of the same ensemble, the teacher uses lecture, question and answer, practice, and demonstration methods. The learning media used by the teacher includes the melodica and the score for the song "Kambanglah Bungo". At the assessment stage, the teacher conducts diagnostic and formative assessments. In the practical assessment of the melodica ensemble, many students experience difficulties, especially in reading the score, fingering techniques, and maintaining the tempo. Furthermore, the lack of enrichment and remedial measures during the assessment process impacts students' development, both for those who have not achieved competencies and those who have already understood them.