Early childhood education is crucial for instilling empathy, tolerance, and social values through creative methods, while Aceh Flexi School addresses inclusion challenges with teacher strategies and training to foster harmony. This study examines teachers’ strategies in fostering tolerance and the challenges faced in the learning environment. Using a qualitative case study, it explores teachers’ methods through interviews, observations, and documentation, validated by source and method triangulation. Results show teachers use adaptive, contextual, and experiential approaches, introducing diversity via stories, play, and cooperation. Strategies are tailored to children’s character, emphasizing healthy social interaction and positive emotions. Teachers model inclusivity and fairness, supported by the learning environment and parental involvement. Challenges include external influences, child conflicts, and limited facilities and training. Children need time to adjust. Teachers overcome obstacles through restorative approaches, experiential learning, and emotional support. The synergy among school, children, and community strengthens tolerance practices despite limited resources. In conclusion, fostering tolerance in children requires adaptive approaches, direct experience, and environmental support, with active roles from teachers, parents, and the community to overcome challenges and build inclusive character.




Submission November 27, 2024


Revised January 19, 2025


Accepted April 17, 2025


Publish 05 May, 2025

Understanding the basic concept of multiplication is one of the important competencies that must be possessed by elementary school students. This study aims to analyze the extent of understanding the concept of multiplication of whole numbers in third grade elementary school students. A strong understanding of the concept at the initial stage is very important as a basis for mastering subsequent materials. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of diagnostic tests. The test is designed to identify the level of understanding of third grade elementary school students. The subjects of this study were third grade elementary school students. The results of the mini-research showed that some students had difficulty understanding story problems so that they considered them to be additions, errors when reading multiplication problems, and misconceptions that emerged in solving multiplication problems. Students had great difficulty making mathematical forms from story problems. These findings provide an important picture for teachers to design more effective learning and adjust their learning needs. Keywords: understanding concepts, mathematics learning, multiplication.

This study aims to enhance students' critical thinking skills in Science learning at SMP Negeri 259 Jakarta through the utilization of the Class Point application. The research employs the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in three stages: pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II, with 35 eighth-grade students as the subjects. The results show that the use of Class Point significantly improved students' critical thinking skills, reflected by the increase in the class average score from 68.2 in the pre-cycle to 82.1 in cycle II. The students' engagement also increased from 55% in the pre-cycle to 89% in cycle II. Thus, the use of Class Point proves to be an effective alternative in enhancing students' critical thinking abilities in Science learning.

Oral hygiene and dental health of ten samples of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 58, Banda Aceh City, were assessed at the first assessment on December 18, 2023 using the OHI-S technique. It was found that four of the children had moderate debris, six had poor category plaque, and no students had excellent debris index. The purpose of this research was ti assess the roll’s impact also bass methods of brushing teeth and oral hygiene on fourth grade students of SD Negeri 58. Using the type one group pre-experimental design method, the researcher used a quantitative research method in this investigation. After implementing the roll method brushing intervention of 1.36, a difference of 0.8 was found compared to brushing teeth using the roll method with an average OHI-s of 2.16. Used the bass method, an average of 2.08 OHI-s was brushed. However, after the bass method brushing intervention of 1.16, a difference of 0.92 was found. It was determined that in the pretest and posttest brushing with the bass method, the the probability value was greater than the significance value, which were 0.000 <0.05 and 0.002 <0.05, respectively. Regarding enhancing oral and dental hygiene, brushing teeth with the bass approach works better for fourth grade students at SD Negeri 58 Banda Aceh City. Based on the results of the study, students can be advised to brush their teeth using the bass approach.

This study aims to analyze the level of understanding of the division concept among third-grade elementary school students. Understanding division is a fundamental component in mathematics learning, serving as a basis for more complex numerical operations in higher grades. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method involving 5 students from an elementary school in. Data were collected through diagnostic tests, interviews, and observations. The findings revealed that most students still struggle to grasp the concept of division, particularly in understanding it as a grouping process and as repeated subtraction. Factors influencing students' comprehension include limited use of varied teaching methods, insufficient application of concrete learning media, and differences in students' learning styles. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for teachers in designing more effective and contextual learning strategies to enhance students’ understanding of the division concept at the elementary level.

Sampai saat ini Instituto Profissional de Canossa (IPDC) masih menggunakan microsoft access sebagai sistem akademik sehingga membatasi mahasiswa untuk bisa mengakses atau melihat nilai, melakukan bimbingan KRS secara online melainkan datang langsung ke kampus dan untuk dosen menyulitkan dalam melakukan absensi terhadap mahasiswa, jadwal pengajaran, pemrosesan nilai mahasiswa karena belum ada sistem akademik yang terintegrasi serta pemberian nilai mahasiswa,  dari masalah ini muncul ide peneliti untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi akademik sehingga membantu mahasiswa melakukan bimbingan krs serta melihat nilai dari website yang dibangun. Penelitian ini memiliki tiga aktor yakni: administrator, dosen dan mahasiswa. Observasi, wawancara dan pengumpulan data adalah metode yang dipakai penelitian ini. Sistem ini dibangun manggunakan framework codeigniter4 dan basis data dengan MySQL. Hasil dari penelitian ini membangun sebuah sistem yang dapat memberikan akses pada mahasiswa untuk melakukan bimbingan KRS, melihat nilai, untuk dosen dapat melihat jadwal pengajaran, pemrosesan nilai, pemberian nilai terhadap mahasiswa.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, requiring early and accurate diagnosis to reduce mortality. This study proposes a hybrid classification pipeline that integrates Hybrid Statistical Feature Selection (HSFS) with unsupervised LSTM-guided feature extraction for breast cancer detection using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset. Initially, 20 features were selected using HSFS based on Mutual Information, Chi-square, and Pearson Correlation. To address class imbalance, the training set was balanced using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). Subsequently, an LSTM encoder extracted non-linear latent features from the selected features. A fusion strategy was applied by concatenating the statistical and latent features, followed by re-selection of the top 30 features. The final classification was performed using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) with RBF kernel and evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and a held-out test set. Experimental results showed that the proposed method achieved an average training accuracy of 98.13%, F1-score of 98.13%, and AUC-ROC of 99.55%. On the held-out test set, the model reached an accuracy of 99.30%, precision of 100%, and F1-score of 99.05%, with an AUC-ROC of 0.9973. The proposed pipeline demonstrates improved generalization and interpretability compared to existing methods such as LightGBM-PSO, DHH-GRU, and ensemble deep networks. These results highlight the effectiveness of combining statistical selection and LSTM-based latent feature encoding in a balanced classification framework.

Purpose: The study examines the impact of CEO demographics on corporate cash holdings in the Indonesian banking industry, focusing on CEO tenure, age, education, and gender. The study considers how regulatory constraints, firm characteristics, and macroeconomic factors shape corporate liquidity decisions.
Method: Using data from 46 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2004 to 2022, this study analyzes 637 firm-year observations. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model assesses the relationship between CEO demographics and cash holdings, incorporating firm-specific and macroeconomic control variables such as firm size, leverage, working capital, inflation, and GDP growth.
Findings: The result reveals that CEO tenure negatively affects corporate cash holdings, suggesting that longer-tenured CEOs may optimize liquidity management rather than hold excess cash. CEO education positively influences cash holding, reflecting a stronger understanding of financial management and risk mitigation. In contrast, CEO age shows an insignificant effect, implying that experience and strategic priorities may matter more than age alone. Female CEOs exhibit a negative influence on cash holdings, possibly due to a more cautious financial approach or external governance expectations.
Novelty: The study contributes to the literature on corporate liquidity by integrating CEO demographic factors with firm-specific and macroeconomic contexts. It extends the application of the upper echelons theory in a highly regulated sector, demonstrating how leadership traits influence cash management decisions. The research offers valuable insights for regulators, investors, and corporate boards in evaluating CEO profiles when assessing financial policies and risk management strategies.

Indonesia sebagai negara tropis memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah, salah satunya yaitu tanaman kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.). Sabut kelapa merupakan produk samping dari tanaman kelapa yang memiliki berbagai manfaat. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh rendemen selulosa dari sabut kelapa sebesar 58,72%. Keberhasilan isolasi selulosa ditunjukan dengan munculnya puncak gugus fungsi O-H, C-H, dan C-O pada spektrum FTIR. Sintesis selulosa asetat telah dilakukan dengan memvariasikan perbandingan antara berat selulosa dan volume anhidrida asetat (1:10 dan 1:20) (b/v). Rendemen selulosa asetat hasil sintesis berturut-turut yaitu 30,44% dan 28,22%. Hasil sintesis menunjukan bahwa jenis selulosa asetat yang dihasilkan adalah selulosa monoasetat dengan derajat substitusi (DS) berturut-turut yaitu 0,48 dan 0,44. Keberhasilan sintesis selulosa asetat ditunjukan dengan munculnya puncak gugus fungsi O-H, C-H, C=O, dan C-O pada spektrum FTIR. Pada penelitian ini, selulosa asetat diaplikasikan dalam bioplastik dengan variasi konsentrasi 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25% (b/b) dari berat tepung nasi aking. Aplikasi tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi selulosa asetat terhadap sifat mekanik dan fisik bioplastik. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi selulosa asetat menghasilkan nilai tertinggi untuk kuat tarik sebesar 13,58 MPa, persen elongasi sebesar 3,66%, modulus elastisitas sebesar 9,64 MPa, dan mampu menahan air sebesar 49,90%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sifat mekanik, bioplastik berbasis selulosa asetat belum memenuhi standar bioplastik pada SNI-7188.7:2016.

The shift in religious and moral values in early childhood is influenced by the development of technology, social media, and parenting patterns, which impact children's behaviour and character. This study examines the inculcation of religious and moral values in early childhood through school activities. The research uses a qualitative case study approach with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and surveys. Data were processed through condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation. The findings show an average score of 4.05, indicating the success of religious and moral value inculcation. Sitting while eating (5.00) was very good, while saying prayers before meals (3.40) and before entering the bathroom (3.00) still need reinforcement. Honesty (4.93), politeness (4.20), and social concern (3.65) were also significant. Children demonstrated good respect for parents (4.20), though misbehaviour was still low (3.40). Independence in hygiene (4.30), knowledge of religious holidays (4.45), and interfaith tolerance (4.40) were well achieved. Conclusion: The inculcation of religious and moral values in early childhood through school activities has proven successful. Children can apply values such as honesty, politeness, cleanliness, and tolerance in daily life, though some aspects still need improvement.