Abstract. The increasing demand for eco-friendly and recyclable materials has driven the development of natural fiber-based composite materials. This study aims to analyze the effect of volume fraction variation on the mechanical properties of hybrid composites made from coconut coir fiber and banana stem fiber with an epoxy matrix. The research employed an experimental method with variations of fiber volume fractions at 40%, 30%, and 20%, and mechanical testing including tensile, bending, and impact tests based on ASTM standards. The results showed that the highest tensile strength was achieved by the composite with a 60% matrix and 40% fiber volume fraction, reaching 21.16 MPa. Meanwhile, the highest bending strength and impact resistance were obtained by the composite with an 80% matrix and 20% fiber volume fraction, at 49.46 MPa and 0.00837 Joule/mm², respectively. Increasing the fiber content tends to enhance tensile strength but reduces bending strength and impact resistance due to uneven resin distribution and the formation of voids. This hybrid composite has potential as an environmentally friendly material alternative with competitive mechanical properties.

Abstract. This research was conducted at PT. Yamatogomu Indonesia with a focus on the I49 Injection machine that experienced high downtime. The objective of the research was to analyze the causes of machine failure and design an appropriate maintenance strategy. The method used was Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) supported by Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Logic Tree Analysis (LTA). The FMEA results identified five main failure modes with a total Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 702. The top three modes, namely no heat or excessive heat, no vacuum motor pressure gauge indicator, and compound puller motor malfunction, contributed 76% of the total risk. Based on LTA, all failure modes were classified as evident and did not have a direct impact on safety, but could disrupt operations. The maintenance strategies implemented consisted of Condition Directed (CD), Time Directed (TD), and Failure Finding (FF), with the majority of actions (60%) being CD. These results can be the basis for developing a more effective maintenance schedule to minimize downtime and increase production efficiency.

This research aims to evaluate the impact of traditional games on the development of children's social interaction skills, highlighting its relevance amidst the shift in children's interests from traditional to digital games and the ongoing challenges of conventional mathematics education. Through a comprehensive literature review approach, this article analyzes the effectiveness of traditional games such as congklak, cak bur, and engklek in supporting cognitive, motor, and socio-emotional development in early childhood. The research findings indicate that traditional games significantly enhance social interaction skills, as evidenced by the effectiveness of cak bur in improving social interaction among kindergarten students and the role of congklak in the socio-emotional development of young children.

The traditional Riau Malay beverage, Laksamana Mengamuk, is a cultural heritage asset facing existential challenges amidst modernization. This study explores its potential as an educational tool in urban public settings. The research method involved direct public socialization at the Car Free Day on Jenderal Sudirman Street, Pekanbaru, featuring outreach, a making-of demonstration, and product sampling. The enthusiastic and positive public response indicates that a direct educational approach combined with a sensory (taste) experience is highly effective for building emotional and cultural connections to local culinary heritage. These findings confirm that direct sensory engagement is an effective method for enhancing cultural awareness. Therefore, strengthening collaboration among stakeholders is recommended for the sustainable preservation of local culinary heritage within public spaces.

Tropical disease is a disease that must get serious attention because the incidence of this disease is getting higher, and the area of distribution is more expansive. Several tropical diseases with high morbidity rates, especially in developing countries and regions with tropical and subtropical climates, include diarrhea, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), tuberculosis (TB), and other diseasesThis study aims to identify the direct infectious tropical diseases and their priority determinants in Southeast Sulawesi Province Indonesia. This study is a descriptive study that aims to collect data and information related to the presence of priority tropical diseases in Southeast Sulawesi Province Indonesia. Research data was obtained from the Health Profile of Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia in 2020. This study is a descriptive study that aims to collect data and information related to the presence of priority tropical diseases in Southeast Sulawesi Province Indonesia. The primary sources of this research data are books: Health Profile of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesian Basic Health Research Results Report, and Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Health Office Profile 2019, as well as several relevant journals. Priority tropical diseases that occur in Southeast Sulawesi Province include URTIs (prevalence 2.77%), diarrhea (prevalence 5.5%), pneumonia (1.59% prevalence), tuberculosis (1.59% prevalence), and hepatitis (prevalence 0.66%). The determinants of the five priority tropical diseases found included environmental, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. Priority tropical diseases in Coastal Area Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia are direct-communicable diseases, namely URTIs, diarrhea, pneumonia, TB, and hepatitis, with environmental, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors as determinants. Further research is needed regarding the main determinants of tropical diseases in Southeast Sulawesi

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) refers to an infection targeting the human respiratory passages, predominantly affecting children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. Improperly managed ARI condition can result in worsening nutritional conditions, secondary infections, stunted growth, and development. The family plays an important role in efforts to prevent ARI and its complications. When the family gets better at Providing family health services, the level of ARI that occurs in the family becomes less severe. The current study investigates the link between family health tasks and severity of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI). An observational approach was utilized in this study with a retrospective design. The activities were conducted during the period June-August 2022 at the Dinoyo Community Health Center, Malang City. Purposive sampling was used resulted in 57 samples experiencing ARI. The instruments for both variables were assessed through questionnaires The hypothesis was tested using a chi-square test. The result show mothers who had poor family development tasks had a severity level of severe ARI of 38.6%; mothers in charge of family development had mild ARI in 15.8% of cases and moderate ARI in an estimated 22.8% of cases. The results obtained from the Chi-Square Test have a p-value = 0.000. This study reveals a significant correlation between family task performance and ARI severity in toddlers. Mothers who demonstrate poor achievement in family developmental tasks are more likely to have children experiencing higher severity of ARI. 

The increase in uric acid levels in the elderly (gout arthritis) can cause physical mobility impairments, requiring the role of nurses to address them. The aim of this study is to implement nursing care for physical mobility disorders through a combination therapy of warm ginger compresses and Range of Motion (ROM) exercises at Rumah Asuh Anak Lansia Griya Asih Lawang. The study design is a case study. The respondents were three elderly individuals with gout arthritis. The nursing interventions provided included identifying pain or other physical complaints, assessing physical tolerance for movement, monitoring blood pressure before starting mobilization, monitoring general conditions during mobilization, facilitating mobilization activities with assistive devices, providing non-pharmacological techniques to reduce pain (warm ginger compresses) for 10 consecutive days, facilitating ROM exercises for 10 consecutive days, explaining the objectives and procedures of mobilization, and teaching simple mobilization techniques to be performed. After intervention and nursing approach for 10 days, physical mobility disorders decreased as indicated by a decrease in acid levels in patient 1 with a value of 10.2 mg/dl, patient 2 9.4 mg/dl and patient 9.8 mg/dl as well as muscle strength in patients 1 5/5 and 5/4, patient 2 5/5 and 4/5, patient 3 5/4 and 4/4.  Warm ginger compress therapy and ROM exercises can be used as an intervention to reduce physical mobility disorders

Indoor positioning technology based on smartphones plays an important role in the current technological development context. Especially in applications such as warehouses, supermarkets, hospitals, or buildings. While the global positioning system (GNSS) is popular and effective outdoors, it has several limitations when operating in enclosed spaces, such as indoors, due to the complexity of these environments. Smartphones have many built-in sensors (such as light sensors, sound sensors, gyroscopes, accelerometers, and magnetic sensors) and support the connection of various types of wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. However, such sensors were not initially developed for positioning applications. This study addresses the positioning problem using the MUSIC technique in conjunction with the Time of Arrival (ToA) method. The effectiveness of the positioning solution is evaluated through the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) index. The absolute error and squared error indices are evaluated through the cumulative distribution function (CDF) to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Additionally, we propose a Pedestrian Dead Reckoning method to determine a person's position in indoor environments continuously. Based on the segmentation of the moving process by turns, the direction measurements in each segment are processed using a Kalman filter, which is designed to enhance the results achieved by the system. We also discuss the challenges and some future research directions in the field of smartphone-based indoor positioning.

Indoor positioning technology plays an important role in improving efficiency and automating industrial processes such as warehouse management, production lines, and mobile robot navigation. However, existing RFID-based and odometry-only localization methods still suffer from limited accuracy, drift, and dependence on predefined infrastructure. To address these challenges, this work proposes a lightweight sensor fusion framework that combines wheel encoder data and phase-based RFID signals using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for accurate indoor localization of mobile robots. The proposed method does not require prior knowledge of the tag map and enables convergence even when the robot starts outside the reader's range. Simulation results demonstrate that the fused method achieves an average positioning error of 5.4 cm and a final error of less than 8 cm. An ablation study comparing odometry-only, RFID-only, and fusion scenarios confirms the superiority of the integrated approach in terms of accuracy and robustness. The system is suitable for real-time implementation in cost-effective embedded platforms and has potential for deployment in smart warehouses and logistics environments.

This study aims to describe elementary school teachers’ perceptions of the use of STEM-based instructional media as an effort to strengthen 21st-century skills. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with the subjects being elementary school teachers in the regions of Tasikmalaya City and Regency. The population included all elementary school teachers in both areas, with a purposive sample of 50 participants. The research instrument was a Likert-scale questionnaire developed based on three indicators of STEM literacy: (1) awareness of the role of STEM in modern society, (2) familiarity with basic STEM concepts, and (3) foundational fluency in STEM application. Data were collected using an online questionnaire via google forms, while the data analysis involved calculating the average score for each indicator. The results showed that for the first indicator, teachers in Tasikmalaya City had higher awareness (average score of 4.05) compared to those in the Regency (3.93). However, in the second and third indicators, teachers from the Regency scored higher, at 3.39 and 3.67 respectively, compared to city teachers who scored 3.30 and 3.59. These findings suggest that although urban teachers have stronger conceptual awareness, rural teachers demonstrate greater mastery in understanding and applying STEM practically in classroom learning. This difference is suspected to be influenced by contextual experience and more frequent implementation of hands-on learning approaches in the Regency.