This research aims to examine the learning methods and challenges faced by several students when solving mathematics problems regarding number patterns, with an emphasis on analyzing students' thinking processes. This study employs an approach to analyze students' ways of thinking. In this study, a qualitative approach is used with a case study method on a group of junior high school students. Information was collected through observations and analysis of students' work. The findings of the research indicate that students apply various strategies in understanding the material of number patterns, which include memorizing patterns to trying to find their own formulas. However, many students face difficulties in drawing conclusions about patterns and connecting relevant mathematical concepts to everyday life. Common mistakes include errors in recognizing patterns, errors in calculations, and a lack of precision in understanding problems. Analysis of the thinking process shows that some students are still at the concrete operational thinking level, so they need visual aids and real-life examples to better understand patterns. This research emphasizes the need for an approach in teaching that can enhance students' abstract thinking abilities and requires varied practice in determining numerical pattern problems.
 
 

Herbal Tea Bag Product Made from Chinese Betel Leaf with Combination of Lemongrass and Cardamom. This research aims to: 1) investigate the organoleptic properties of herbal tea bags made from Chinese betel leaf combined with lemongrass and cardamom, and 2) assess the sensory quality of the product through hedonic testing. This experimental study employed an observational method using a sensory evaluation panel consisting of 35 members (5 experts and 30 semi-trained panelists). Data were collected using a questionnaire. The independent variables were the proportion of Chinese betel leaf (2g, 4g, and 6g) and the addition of lemongrass and cardamom (2g) with temperature variations (40°C and 60°C) for 4 hours. The dependent variables were the sensory qualities, including shape, color, aroma, taste, and texture. The control variables included the type of materials, equipment, and processing techniques. Data analysis was performed using two-way anava and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that: 1) the proportion of Chinese betel leaf affected the shape and taste, 2) the drying temperature affected the color, taste, and texture, and 3) there was no interaction between the proportion of Chinese betel leaf and the addition of lemongrass and cardamom on the sensory quality of the herbal tea bags.

Mutiara Serpong Villa Complex, located in Pondok Jagung Timur Village, South Tangerang, is surrounded by the BSD City area. This area faces environmental problems due to the uncontrolled growth of water hyacinth (Eichornia Crassipes) in the surrounding lakes and swamps, causing irrigation disruption and decreasing water quality. Water hyacinth is known as a weed that damages the aquatic environment, but it also has positive potential as a raw material for organic fertilizer. This program aims to overcome the problem of the spread of water hyacinth by utilizing the plant into organic compost. Water hyacinth compost contains high nutrients, helps improve soil properties, and improves the quality and quantity of plants. This initiative is expected to provide environmental benefits while increasing the income of the surrounding community through the use of water hyacinth as organic fertilizer. Community Service Activities at the Mutiara Serpong Villa Complex use several methods that aim to provide understanding and skills about making compost from water hyacinth to the local community. There are five main stages: Socialization, Counseling, Training and Practice, Observation and Evaluation, Sustainability. This method is designed to increase active community participation and the sustainability of water hyacinth compost use as a beneficial environmental solution.

Immunization is one of the most effective and efficient public health efforts in preventing diseases and reducing mortality rates in children such as smallpox, polio, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, diphtheria, measles, rubella, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), tetanus, pneumonia (lung inflammation) and meningitis (inflammation of the brain membrane) (Nandi & Shet, 2020). Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2020 showed that vaccination coverage in the 3rd and 4th months was months. However, efforts can be made to increase child vaccination coverage to 80% and that does not include DT, MR2, and HPV vaccinations. As, measles data is only 45%, diphtheria-tetanus (DT) is around 40% (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2021). To determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the completeness of basic immunization in children at the Raden Omas Posyandu. This study uses a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional method. The population in this study consisted of mothers who had children aged 12 to 18 months at Posyandu Raden Omas, totaling 36 mothers. The statistical results showed a relationship between maternal knowledge and the completeness of basic immunization in children p-value (0.048). Most respondents had good knowledge, as many as 13 respondents (36.1%). Sufficient knowledge, as many as 13 respondents (36.1%). Insufficient knowledge, as many as 10 respondents or 27.8%. Most respondents had incomplete immunization, namely 18 respondents (50%).

This study aims to analyze the effect of Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP), agricultural labor, and education on the rural poverty rate in western Indonesia during the 2019-2023 period. Using panel data from 17 provinces and the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method, the results show that the three independent variables have a negative and significant effect on rural poverty. These findings identify that improving farmers' welfare, optimizing labor in the agricultural sector, and improving education can be effective strategies in reducing poverty in rural areas.

This study examines the role of character-based assessment of independence in improving problem-solving skills in elementary school students. Character-based assessment of independence assesses students' learning process, not just academic results, with a focus on developing values of independence such as responsibility, initiative, and self-management skills. Through this approach, students are trained to face challenges independently, manage time, and find solutions creatively. Literature review shows a positive relationship between the level of student independence and increased problem-solving skills. However, the implementation of this assessment faces challenges such as lack of teacher understanding, time constraints, and system support. Nevertheless, character-based assessment of independence remains relevant and needs to be implemented more widely with training support for teachers, the use of technology in assessment, and synergy between schools, parents, and communities. The results of this study suggest that independence assessment should be an integral part of learning practices to create a generation of independent and solution-oriented learners.

Gratitude is an attitude that is highly emphasized and appreciated. An attitude of gratitude means recognizing ang appreciating all the blessings given by God. Teenagers who are able to be grateful for their lives will have an impact on their happiness and peace of mind. The sample in this study was 65 junior high school studendts. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of gratitude on happiness in adolescents. This research uses a quantitative approach with simple regression test aanalysis using SPPS 26.00 with data collection tools in the form of questionnaires for the gratitude scale. From the results of research data analysis, is shows that there is an influence of gratitude on happiness in teenagers of 16.9%, which is in the medion category, which means that the higher the feeling of gratitude, the more happiness will increase. So it can be concluded thatther is an influence of gratitude on happiness in teenagers.
 
 

The objective of this study is to design an appropriate strategy in instilling character values ??in grade 5 students of SDN Walikukun, with an emphasis on strengthening the values ??of responsibility, discipline, honesty, and cooperation. The study employed literature studies and qualitative data analysis, which resulted in the conclusion that it is very important for character building in elementary schools to be implemented systematically and sustainably. These efforts need to involve the active role of various parties, such as teachers, parents, schools, and the surrounding environment. The implementation strategy includes integrating character values ??in the teaching and learning process, habituating positive daily actions, role models from teachers, and monitoring student development through behavioral documentation. In addition, democratic and communicative parenting patterns greatly influence children's character formation, especially if adjusted to the child's innate personality type which can be recognized through approaches such as genetic personality. Simple digital technology can also be used as a supporting medium for character education, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure. The results obtained from this study are hoped to be used as a reference in the implementation of relevant and effective character education at SDN Walikukun.

This study discusses criminal liability for perpetrators of online gambling crimes based on Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) from the perspective of Indonesian criminal law. The research employs a normative juridical approach with a case study method on Decision Number 628/PID.B/2023/PN Sleman. The defendant was proven to have knowingly distributed and disseminated links to online gambling sites via social media, as well as obtained financial gain from these activities. Based on the judge’s decision, the defendant was sentenced to 1 year and 8 months in prison and fined IDR 250,000,000. The results indicate that the application of Article 27 paragraph (2) in conjunction with Article 45 paragraph (2) of the ITE Law is in accordance with the principles of criminal liability, including the elements of fault (mens rea) and unlawful acts (actus reus). Nevertheless, challenges remain in law enforcement against online gambling, particularly regarding sites operating abroad and the low level of public legal awareness. The recommendations provided include a more comprehensive legal approach to enhance the effectiveness of combating online gambling in Indonesia.

This study aims to describe students' mathematical understanding abilities through the application of a problem solving approach using magic coin media on integer operation material. This study is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach conducted at MTs An-Nuur Palembang in May of the 2025/2026 academic year. The subjects of the study were 25 grade VII students who were selected purposively. Data collection was carried out through observation, documentation, and learning outcome tests. The results of the study showed that the use of magic coin media in mathematics learning was able to improve students' conceptual understanding. This media helps students to be more active, understand integer operations concretely, and be involved in the problem-solving process independently or in groups. These findings indicate that the problem solving approach combined with magic coin media can create a fun learning atmosphere, and is effective in improving students' mathematical understanding abilities.