Learning difficulties remain a persistent and multifaceted challenge among junior high school students, significantly impacting academic achievement, motivation, and classroom engagement. This study explores the strategic implementation of guidance and counseling (GC) services in addressing these issues at SMP Negeri 178 Jakarta. Utilizing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Findings indicate that GC services are systematically delivered through individual and group counseling sessions, classroom-based interventions, and motivational enhancement programs. The primary learning issues identified include diminished motivation, academic anxiety, inadequate study skills, and socio-emotional challenges that hinder student performance. Effective GC service delivery is supported by strong collaboration among counselors, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents, alongside institutional support from school leadership. Conversely, barriers such as limited counselor availability, low student engagement, and a lack of awareness regarding the function of GC services impede optimal outcomes. The study concludes that the effectiveness of GC interventions is contingent upon contextually responsive, personalized, and collaborative approaches. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy, enhance counselor professional development, and integrate GC programs into the school’s educational management system.Keywords: Guidance and Counseling; Learning Challenges; Individual Counseling; School Collaboration; Secondary Education

The purpose of this study is to examine the business model canvas from a sharia perspective, and to find out whether the business model canvas can be used in BMT UMJ. This study intends to construct and analyze the sharia-based business model canvas, to find out the business model currently used by BMT UMJ and to make a SWOT analysis of BMT UMJ. The researcher chose to use a qualitative research method to determine how to find, collect, process and analyze the research data. Theoretically, the qualitative research format is different from the quantitative research format, and the data used are primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that BMT UMJ can use the sharia-based canvas business model if it adds several additional contracts such as wadiah contract and rahn contract, increases the number of BMT UMJ employees, and increases funding by 20%.Key Words : SWOT Analysis, Business Model Canvas (BMC), BMT UMJ

Cash waqf (waqf al-nuqud) has emerged as a dynamic instrument within the broader framework of Islamic social finance, offering a flexible, inclusive, and potentially high-impact mechanism for sustainable development in Muslim-majority societies. Despite its significant potential—particularly in countries like Indonesia, where the annual estimated cash waqf capacity exceeds IDR 180 trillion—its realization remains suboptimal due to limitations in governance, institutional professionalism, and public trust. This study aims to develop a conceptual model for optimizing cash waqf management in Indonesia by integrating Islamic jurisprudential principles, behavioral economics, and production theory. Utilizing a qualitative, literature-based approach, the research synthesizes theoretical insights with practical models such as Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), SWOT analysis, and case studies from Indonesia (Waqf Amerta) and Malaysia (ICWME-I). A simplified production function model—WT=f(P,N)WT = f(P, N)—is proposed, where cash waqf output (WT) is determined by waqf potential (P) and the professionalism of nazhir institutions (N). Findings highlight that strategic optimization of cash waqf requires a multi-level approach involving regulatory reforms, human capital development, institutional transparency, and systematic public engagement. The study advocates for the establishment of professional nazhir institutions modeled after financial industry standards, with active state support in education, certification, and governance. By bridging theoretical and practical dimensions, this paper contributes to the growing literature on Islamic philanthropic finance and offers a strategic framework for enhancing the role of cash waqf as a vehicle for inclusive socio-economic transformation.Keywords: Cash Waqf; Islamic Social Finance; Nazhir Professionalism; Production Theory; Waqf Optimization; Strategic Modeling; Good Waqf Governance

Digital image segmentation is essential in image processing, influencing the accuracy of higher-level tasks. Thresholding is widely used, yet identifying optimal threshold values remains challenging. The Firefly Algorithm with Neighbourhood Attraction (FaNA), a metaheuristic approach, is efficient for color image thresholding but underperforms on grayscale images due to suboptimal thresholds. To overcome this, an enhanced version (eFaNA) was developed by integrating a chaotic tent map for population initialization and a Lévy flight-based random walk for improved exploration. eFaNA was compared with FaNA, fuzzy firefly algorithm (FFA), and the standard Firefly Algorithm (FA) in multilevel thresholding of grayscale images. Results demonstrate that eFaNA achieves superior segmentation quality with minimal detail loss, outperforming the others. The average PSNR obtained by eFaNA, FFA, FaNA, and FA was 25.5320 dB, 25.4075 dB, 24.1522 dB, and 24.4506 dB, respectively; average SSIM was 0.8641, 0.8604, 0.8432, and 0.6703; and execution time was 50.5322, 38.7726, 38.7528, and 107.6340 seconds, respectively. This reflects a PSNR improvement of 5.71% over FaNA, 0.49% over FFA, and 4.42% over FA, and an SSIM gain of 2.48% over FaNA, 0.43% over FFA, and 28.92% over FA. While eFaNA lags behind FFA and FaNA in execution time by ~11.8 seconds, it significantly outperforms FA. The performance gain is attributed to the chaotic tent map’s diverse initialization and the Lévy flight’s enhanced search capability. These improvements enable eFaNA to deliver consistently better threshold values and segmentation results. However, its relatively higher computational cost may limit applicability in real-time image processing.

Financial distress is a major issue for a company in terms of maintaining the sustainability of its performance in the future. One aspect that needs to be considered is the controlling shareholder family. It is an important factor that needs to be considered to see how the company's performance will develop in the future. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between the family controlling shareholders and the financial distress in Indonesia, which is moderated through socio-demographic factors. The moderated regression analysis (MRA) was applied to 253 Indonesian public limited companies from 2013 to 2021. The result revealed that family-controlling shareholders positively and significantly affect financial distress. On the other hand, experience as a socio-demographic factor also moderated this nexus negatively. Thus, the important role of the family controlling shareholders must be considered as a main factor for predicting financial distress in Indonesian companies.

Although business development is a concept that has been applied in entrepreneurial practice, academic attention to its dynamics in the context of micro-enterprises is still very limited. This study aims to explore the core strategies in culinary UMKM business development and the challenges, by taking a case study of the culinary clusters on Jalan Pulosari and Jalan Kawi in Malang City. Through a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews with 30 micro-enterprises, this study identified three core business development activities that focus on utilizing business resources, as well as three supporting activities that function to secure and organize these resources. This finding indicate that all business development activities are centered on three main practices: leveraging, securing, and organizing resources, as explained in the resource-based view framework. In addition, this study reveals three contextual factors that influence UMKM development strategies: business sector, company age, and involvement in local business incubators. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in the development of a new conceptualization of business development in the microenterprise sector, which forms the majority of the global economic structure, but often fails to embark on a sustainable growth path. Practical implications are also offered, including strategies for time management and strengthening managerial capacity in response to perceived resource constraints. This study also proposes a further research agenda to explore the dynamics of business development in UMKM with more diverse qualities and contexts.

This study investigates the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Return on Assets (ROA) in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2019–2023. Using purposive sampling, 20 companies were selected over 5 years (100 observations). Multiple linear regression analysis shows that CR has a significant positive effect on ROA, DER has no significant effect, while TATO has a significant negative effect on ROA.

Emotional intelligence (EI) is an important psychological foundation in modern leadership practice. Leaders who have high EI tend to be able to understand and manage their own and others' emotions effectively, allowing for the implementation of a more adaptive and positive leadership style. Transformational leadership, for example, relies heavily on the leader's ability to show empathy, build intrinsic motivation, and provide individual attention to subordinates. EI strengthens these capacities and encourages leaders to create harmonious and inspiring working relationships. On the other hand, leaders who are low in EI tend to be authoritarian or use a rigid transactional leadership style, which has a negative impact on employee satisfaction and performance. Leadership effectiveness, in this context, is determined not only by the style used, but also by the emotional quality of the leader in executing the style. Therefore, the integration of EI and leadership style contributes directly to the achievement of organizational goals through increased individual performance, loyalty, and a productive work climate. Thus, the development of EI is a strategic need in today's leadership training and development.

This study aims to examine the effect of using educational video-based multimedia on the English vocabulary mastery of seventh-grade students at SMPN 52 North Bengkulu in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of two classes: the experimental class received instruction using educational videos, while the control class was taught using traditional methods without multimedia support. Prior to the treatment, both groups were given a pre-test to measure their initial vocabulary ability. After the intervention, a post-test was conducted to assess the students’ vocabulary improvement. The data analysis revealed a significant increase in the post-test scores of the experimental group compared to the control group. This indicates that the use of video-based multimedia effectively enhances students’ vocabulary comprehension and retention. Additionally, video media improved students’ learning motivation and engagement during the instructional process. These findings recommend the integration of multimedia as an innovative strategy in English language teaching, particularly in vocabulary instruction, to create a more engaging, interactive, and contextual learning experience.

Educational management in the Islamic perspective is not only administrative but also spiritual and scientific. Hadis Tarbawi, as part of the Islamic heritage, offers managerial principles that can be applied in education, ranging from planning and implementation to evaluation. This study aims to reveal the managerial content in Hadis Tarbawi that can serve as a guide for Muslim educators. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, this research analyzes selected hadiths related to educational values. The findings show that Hadis Tarbawi contains key principles such as just leadership, effective communication, character development, continuous evaluation, and spirituality in managing the educational process. These insights enrich the scientific literature in the field of Islamic educational management and offer a more holistic approach to managing education. The study recommends integrating Hadis Tarbawi into the Islamic education curriculum and providing training for educators to apply these principles in practice.