Every child born into a family has different genetic characteristics and is exposed to different social environments, including their birth order. Each child's attitude, personality, and behavior will be influenced by those factors. Within the family, the sense of responsibility of the eldest child, the middle child, and the youngest child will differ due to the differences they have as members of the social group. Therefore, it is necessary to examine this to find out the effect of birth order on children's sense of responsibility by taking samples from early childhood aged 5-6 years as the firstborn, the middle child, and the youngest child. This study used a quantitative-correlational method with questionnaires as data collection techniques. The results of this study obtained data and facts that the birth order process showed an influence in several aspects, such as children can respect time, obey the rules, return items according to their place, accept the risk of actions taken, protect their belongings, do not easily blame or accuse others, are willing to admit and apologize for mistakes made, and do activities before being directed or ordered. Birth order is proven to have a significant positive influence on children's sense of responsibility. 

This study analyzes the effectiveness of an inclusive learning model in sports matriculation to increase the active involvement of 3T students in college. This model is implemented through an experience-based approach, social interaction, and adaptation strategies designed. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires to measure the level of student involvement. The results of the study indicate that the inclusive learning model increases student participation in discussions, group work, and practice-based activities. Students experience increased social skills, especially in communication and teamwork. Student self-confidence also increases along with the implementation of learning strategies that encourage their active involvement. In terms of understanding the material, practice-based and experimental methods are proven to be more effective than conventional lectures. This study provides insight into the importance of an inclusive approach in sports matriculation to increase the involvement of 3T students in college.

Self-confidence or self-confidence is the attitude of every individual who feels confident in their
abilities to be able to carry out an action without being influenced by others. Based on the results of initial
observation data at ANNUR Kedungringin Islamic Kindergarten, self-confidence in children is still said to
be low, namely 12%. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Morning Circle Activities to Increase
Self-Confidence in 5-6 Year Old Children at ANNUR Kedungringin Islamic Kindergarten and How Much
Influence Morning Circle Activities Have to Increase Self-Confidence in 5-6 Year Old Children at ANNUR
Kedungringin Islamic Kindergarten. This type of research is quantitative research, using an experimental
method with a One Group Pre Test Post Test design. In this study, the population used as a sample was 24
students of class B of ANNUR Kedungringin Islamic Kindergarten who became the experimental class. Data
collection techniques used observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that morning
circle activities are effective in increasing the self-confidence of children aged 5-6 years at ANNUR
Kedungringin Islamic Kindergarten. This is proven by the results of the hypothesis test from the pre-test
and post-test of the experimental class with the paired sample t-test proven by the results of Sig. (2-tailed)
0.000 <0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. It can be concluded that there is an average difference
between the results of the Pre- test and Post-test studies through the N-Gain test, the results obtained are
0.611, which is in the moderate category.

This study aims to determine the effect of teacher certification on teacher pedagogical competence (PAUD) in Karangawen District, Demak Regency. Teacher certification is expected to improve pedagogical competence, which includes understanding and implementing effective teaching methods for early childhood. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method with the population of this study being PAUD teachers who have been certified in Karangawen District, Demak Regency. The samples were taken from 30 PAUD teachers who had been certified in Karangawen District, Demak Regency, with a systematic nonprobability sampling. The data analysis technique used a simple linear regression test with a hypothesis test using the t-test, the coefficient of determination (R-Square). The results of the reliability test were 0.745. The data analysis used was the normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method with a significance value of 0.200> 0.05. Based on the simple linear regression test, it shows a significance value of 0.000, which is smaller than the probability value of 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that hypothesis Ha stating that there is an influence of teacher certification on the pedagogical competence of PAUD teachers is accepted, and hypothesis Ho is rejected. The results of the R Square value of 0.998 or 99.8%, show that teacher certification has a significant effect on the pedagogical competence of PAUD teachers

This study aims to identify the challenges encountered in the collection of PBJT (Tax on Services for Hotel, Food, and/or Beverages) and to examine the efforts made by the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) to optimize tax collection. The researcher employed data triangulation as an analytical method to process both primary and secondary data obtained through interviews and observations. The findings indicate that challenges arise from both taxpayers and internal factors within BPKAD Yogyakarta City. Challenges on the taxpayers' side involve issues such as incomplete taxpayer data, low compliance, and limited financial capacity. Internal obstacles within BPKAD include limited tax collection personnel, lack of integration in the taxation information system, the ineffectiveness of forced collection letters, weak administrative sanctions, and negative perceptions of tax relief or amnesty policies. The efforts made to address these issues include direct engagement through the Regional Tax Week initiative, enhanced inter-agency cooperation, ongoing public outreach, service innovation in tax payments, integration of internal data systems, enforcement actions against non-compliant taxpayers, implementation of administrative sanctions, and the development of digital-based tax collection technology.

This study aims to analyze the availability of data centers and regional promotion needs in supporting e-government implementation through the Family Information System Application (SIGA) at BKKBN Gorontalo Province. It also assesses how SIGA and its integrated dialog features contribute to public services. The findings indicate that data input in SIGA has reached 100%, covering family planning services, field supervision, and families at risk of stunting, both in monthly and annual reports. However, this completeness does not fully reflect field realities, particularly regarding youth groups outside formal education who remain underdocumented. Despite this, SIGA data has become a reference for regional health information policy development. Overall, SIGA has improved public service efficiency through fast, accurate, and timely data delivery. Yet, the system remains limited in providing interactive, two-way communication between government and citizens. This study recommends enhancing SIGA’s dialog function and engaging underrepresented community groups to support inclusive and responsive public services.

Menjadi seorang pecandu bukanlah sesuatu yang diinginkan bagi setiap orang termasuk menjadi pecandu alkohol. Alkohol adalah barang minuman yang mudah didapat sekaligus dapat memberikan kelegaan meskipun sesaat. Tidak adanya manfaat jangka Panjang membuat setiap individu yang meminumnya akan memaknai apa fungsi dan manfaat untuk dilakukan dalam jangka Panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap makna hidup pada pecandu alkohol melalui pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sebanyak enam informan yang memiliki pengalaman sebagai pecandu alkohol diwawancarai secara mendalam untuk menggali pengalaman subjektif mereka terkait pencarian makna hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alkohol digunakan tidak hanya sebagai media dari tekanan hidup, tetapi juga sebagai bentuk pemenuhan kebutuhan emosional akibat rasa hampa, kesepian, konflik keluarga, lingkungan sosial permisif, serta keterbatasan dukungan positif. Beberapa informan menyadari bahwa konsumsi alkohol hanya memberikan kelegaan sementara dan tidak mampu mengisi kekosongan makna hidup secara dalam. Adanya keinginan untuk berhenti dan membangun kehidupan bermakna muncul pada sebagian informan, meskipun masih dihadapkan pada hambatan lingkungan baik internal maupun eksternal.

This study aims to determine the influence of service digitalization on customer satisfaction at PT. Bank Sumsel Babel, Pulau Beringin Sub-Branch, Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency. The research was conducted as part of the requirements to obtain a Bachelor's degree in Economics at the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business (FEBI), Institut Agama Islam Pagar Alam. The results indicate that service digitalization has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. This is supported by statistical analysis, where the t-value (1.699) exceeds the t-table value (1.117), and the significance level is 0.000 < 0.05. The beta coefficient of 0.954 shows that digitalization influences customer satisfaction by 95.4%. However, the correlation coefficient (R) is 0.268, and the coefficient of determination (R Square) is 0.072, indicating a relatively low overall influence. Despite this, digital services still play an important role in shaping customer satisfaction. Key influencing indicators include efficiency, reliability, fulfillment, privacy, responsiveness, and contact, alongside product quality, service quality, emotional factors, and cost. The study recommends enhancing digital service quality to improve customer satisfaction more effectively.

This study aims to (i) find out and review the implementation of Article 9 letter D of Law No. 22 of 2022 in health and food services for class 1 Makassar inmates (ii) to find out and analyze the obstacles faced in providing adequate health and food services for class 1 Makassar inmates. The type of research used is qualitative with descriptive analysis which aims to describe the form of existence of the provision of health and food services for class I Makassar inmates. The data collection techniques are by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. The data validation technique uses triangulation, namely to assess the credibility of the data which is carried out by checking the data that has been obtained through several sources. From the results of the study, it was found that (i) the implementation of Article 9 letter D of Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning health services and proper food has not been implemented optimally because it has not been fulfilled optimally (ii) the main obstacles in health services include limited medical personnel, minimal availability of certain medicines, health facilities that are still inadequate, a long and bureaucratic referral process, and prison overcapacity. Basically, efforts have been made and the services have been made but have not run optimally due to obstacles from the incomplete provision of medicines for health services, as well as a budget that is not balanced with the number of inmates in the Makassar Class 1 prison.

Improving the quality of education requires a comprehensive understanding of the conditions and characteristics of each educational institution. West Muna Regency has various secondary schools with diverse profiles and challenges. Until now, school grouping has often been done manually, which does not always accurately reflect the overall characteristics of the data. This study aims to cluster secondary schools in West Muna Regency using the K-Means algorithm as a clustering method to identify hidden patterns in school data, such as the number of students, teachers, staff, facilities, and location. The research method involves several stages, including data collection, method analysis, software implementation, and cluster testing. The clustering results produced three school clusters with different characteristics. Cluster 1 consists of schools with the most complete resources, Cluster 2 includes the largest number of schools with varying resources, and Cluster 3 represents schools with moderate conditions. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for formulating more targeted educational policies, ensuring equitable distribution of resources, and improving the quality of education in West Muna Regency.