Notaris adalah salah satu pejabat umum yang berwenang dalam membuat akta autentik. Akta Notaris sebagai akta autentik yang memiliki kekuatan pembuktian yang sempurna. Akta Autentik yang dibuat oleh Notaris harus memenuhi syarat formil dan materiil, serta syarat sah perjanjian, apabila dalam hal Notaris tidak memenuhi salah satu syarat maka suatu akta notaris dapat dinyatakan cacat hukum yang menyebabkan kebatalan atau ketidakabsahan akta Notaris. Fokus Penelitian ini adalah Akibat dari ketidakhatian Notaris dalam membuat produk hukumnya dengan pendekatan kasus terhadap Putusan Nomor 74/PDT/2021/PT.BTN. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa LI sebagai Notaris melakukan pelanggaran prosedur dalam pembuatan akta dengan tidak menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian, dimana akta yang diterbitkan Notaris tersebut yaitu akta Pernyataan Keputusan Rapat  Nomor 01 tanggal 05 Oktober 2015 dinyatakan cacat hukum dan dibatalkan beserta dengan turunannya, serta LI  mendapat sanksi berupa teguran tertulis. Tujuan Penulisan ini untuk menganalisa dan mengkaji terkait penerapan prinsip kehati hatian seorang Notaris dalam membuat Akta Pernyataan Keputusan Rapat (PKR) yang didasarkan pada risalah Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS) dalam Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Nomor 74/PDT/2021/PT BTN. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kasus dan perudang-undangan.

This research is based on the issue of lack of contempt of court statutes and the common practice of denigrating judiciaries in trials. Background of the study is due to common practice of integrity abuse and lack of judiciary’s dignity protection that pushes the need for contempt of court statute formulation. The paper then formulates two research questions, namely how the regulation of contempt of court would revitalize court’s dignty and how regulation can be formulated for legal remedy towards tainted legal process. The methodology of the research is based on normative research that applied statute approach, conceptual approach, case approach, and philosophical approach. The research has considered previous researches such as Probo, Perbawati, Santoso, Gayatri, and Rachman’s research. The development of contempt of court in the last 5 to 10 years showed that contempt of court regulation has been better formulated through Act 1 of 2023, but it didn’t specify types of contempt of court. The result showed that contempt of court statute should regulate specifically regarding act of denigrating court’s dignity and reformulation of retrial legal remedy for tainted legal process.

The financial services sector, which is one of the main pillars in people's lives, has experienced rapid development. However, this progress also brings various challenges, especially related to fundamental problems in the financial sector. Financial problems in society are increasingly diverse so that the law is required to be more adaptive in responding to these problems considering that the law is basically a reflection of the will of the community. Strengthening the role of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) after the enactment of Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Services Sector (UU P2SK) which includes provisions that every action and decision taken by OJK based on the law cannot be used as an object of lawsuit in state administration. This provision has a direct impact on the financial services industry and society, especially if OJK's decision has negative consequences for them. This study aims to analyze the impact of the P2SK Law on national and state life, especially in relation to the duties and functions of OJK. To achieve this goal, this study uses a literature study method to examine various views related to legal doctrines that affect financial institutions. The results of the study indicate an expansion of OJK's supervisory duties and functions, especially in the field of digital finance and education for the public. This expansion of authority is a challenge for OJK to play a role as a solution in overcoming various financial problems that occur in society.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of cognitive load reduction strategies in improving 3T students' understanding of the concept of stoichiometry. Students from 3T areas often have difficulty in understanding chemical concepts due to limited access to quality learning resources and challenges in numeracy. Therefore, this study applies a cognitive load reduction strategy that includes material segmentation, scaffolding, concept visualization, and the use of analogies and real contexts in stoichiometry learning. The research method used is a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of the study consisted of 3T students who were divided into experimental groups and control groups. Data were collected through a stoichiometry understanding test, a cognitive load questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. The results of the analysis showed that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in posttest scores compared to the control group. In addition, students in the experimental group showed a higher level of understanding retention and a reduction in misconceptions after the implementation of the cognitive load reduction strategy. This study provides evidence that the cognitive load reduction strategy can improve the effectiveness of stoichiometry learning by reducing students' cognitive load. The implications of this study suggest that this approach can be applied more widely in chemistry teaching to improve students' conceptual understanding and numeracy skills. Thus, the results of this study can be the basis for the development of more innovative and adaptive teaching methods for students with diverse educational backgrounds.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor pendukung penguatan berpikir kritis peserta didik melalui penerapan model pembelajaran seminar socrates. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 1) Guru Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaran MAN Purbalingga, 2) Peserta didik kelas XI MAN Purbalingga. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, obervasi, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa panduan wawancara, lembar observasi dan checklist dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman & Saldana yaitu kondensasi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 1) membuat dan mendesain pembelajaran menjadi menarik, 2) keterbatasan pengetahuan peserta didik, 3) Standar kompetensi yang dasar pada peserta didik. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah guru Pendidikan Pancasila diharapkan dapat memberikan pembelajaran yang interaktif dan tidak mengacu kepada buku paket, memiliki kerjasama dan porsi yang sesuai kebutuhan. Sedangkan peserta didik lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan. 

Penggunaan model pembelajaran yang tidak bervariasi menyebabkan siswa kurang antusias dalam pembelajaran IPS, hal tersebut berdampak pada hasil belajar IPS siswa yang kurang maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental design jenis nonequivalent control group design. Populasi penelitian ini ialah seluruh peserta didik kelas V SDN Kebun Bunga 6 dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, tes, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 50 dan kelas nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 45. Adapun nilai posttest pada kelas eksperimen diperoleh hasil rata-rata 89,38 dan kelas kontrol memperoleh nilai rata-rata 65,79. Hasil uji t posttest dengan perhitungan Independent Sample t-Test diketahui nilai signifikansi 0,000 dan thitung 7,537. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, yang artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa.

Purpose : The purpose of this research is to empirically test and analyze the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitability, Capital Intensity, and Inventory Intensity on the Effective Tax Rate with Firm Size as a moderating variable.


Method : The population consists of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2018-2023, totaling 91 companies. Sample selection used a purposive sampling approach, resulting in 150 data analysis units after excluding 63 outliers, analyzed using the Eviews 12 program. The study uses unbalanced panel data from secondary sources in annual reports. Data analysis techniques were conducted using descriptive statistical approaches and inferential statistical analysis.


Findings : The research findings indicate that Corporate Social Responsibility and Inventory Intensity have no significant effect on the Effective Tax Rate (ETR). In contrast, Profitability negatively affects the ETR, while Capital Intensity has a positive effect. Furthermore, Firm Size moderates the relationship between Inventory Intensity and ETR but does not significantly moderate the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitability, or Capital Intensity.

Novelty : The study builds upon and extends previous research on the effects of CSR, profitability, capital intensity, and inventory intensity on the ETR by using recent data (2018–2023) and incorporating firm size as a moderating variable to provide a more comprehensive analysis in the Indonesian context.

This research was conducted based on the problem of many students at elementary school CIBOGO who have not mastered the basic movements of floor gymnastics cartwheels, this research attempts to apply learning that can foster students’ interest and self-confidence in learning floor gymnastics cartwheels, the method used is to apply floor gymnastics cartwheel learning through rubber rope media. This research is a classroom action research with the research subjects of grade IV students of elementary school CIBOGO. The results of the study showed an increase in student learning outcomes after the implementation of learning through the rubber media from cycle I to cycle II. The results after implementing cycles I and II showed that student scores increased from the initial number of students who had completed only 17 students or 53.12% with the lowest score of 67.5. increased significantly to 28 students or around 87.5% of students who completed. And students who had not completed were 4 students or 12.5%. So it can be concluded that the method of learning floor gymnastics cartwheels through rubber rope media can improve student learning outcomes in learning physical education, health and sports, material floor gymnastics cartwheels.

This study aims to understand the influence of emotions, especially anxiety and motivation, on the chemistry learning process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method, involving seven students from various levels of education. Students of the class of 2024 experience academic anxiety related to their choice of major, inability to attend lectures, and uncertainty about the future. Meanwhile, final year students face anxiety about completing their studies and the challenges of entering the workforce. The results of the study show that excessive anxiety has an impact on low student engagement in learning, especially in class discussions and problem solving. Students with high anxiety tend to rely on passive learning methods and have difficulty understanding chemistry concepts in depth. In contrast, high motivation plays a role in increasing academic engagement, building better conceptual understanding, and encouraging students to be more active in finding solutions to learning difficulties. These findings emphasize the importance of learning strategies that can reduce academic anxiety and increase student motivation. A more interactive learning approach and emotional support from the academic environment have the potential to create a more effective and productive learning experience. Thus, this study provides insights for educational institutions to design more adaptive strategies in improving the quality of chemistry learning.

Pada zaman modern peserta didik di tuntut untuk memiliki suatu keterampilan. Salah satu keterampilan yang penting untuk selalu ditingkatkan adalah kemampuan kolaborasi. Keterampilan kolaborasi dapat menumbuhkan rasa tanggun jawab, memberikan pengalaman, meningkatkan karakter yang baik serta melatih kekompakan bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kolaborasi pada siswa kelas VIII C di SMP Negeri 31 Semarang dengan mengunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbasis make a match pada pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini di lakukan dalam 2 siklus dengan total 4 pertemuan. Metode penelitian mengunakan metode observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan indikator keberhasilan penelitian ini adalah adanya peningkatan rata-rata nilai yang di peroleh dari siklus I adalah 79,17 kemudian meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 83,20 kategori ini dapat di klasifikasikan dari kolaboratif menjadi sangat kolaboratif. Uji N-Gain pada penelitian ini menunjukan hasil 0.56 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pembelajaran make a match dapat meningkatkan keterampilan kolaborasi pada siswa kelas VIII C. hal ini di perkuat dengan antusian siswa dalam kolaborasi kelompok.