Homeschooling is an educational system that is different from the usual school system. From the name, homeschooling means an educational system that is done at home. In other words, homeschooling is family-based education. The levels of education covered in homeschooling can range from primary to secondary education. This study deals with twelve (12) teenage students’ motivations for learning English in a homeschool in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia. The participants aged between 12 and 13 years old. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with the students. Findings revealed that the twelve students had both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in learning English. This study is hopefully beneficial for teachers teaching students in homeschools so that they can understand more deeply their students’ motivations in learning English. Also, it is hoped that EFL teachers teaching homeschooled students can motivate their students to have stronger motivations in learning this international language.

Curriculum changes are part of improving the existing education system in Indonesia. Principal leadership has an important role and position in achieving educational goals. This study aims to discuss the principal's leadership style in implementing "merdeka belajar" in schools. This research uses the literature study method, which collects materials from books, journals, articles, and other sources related to the principal's leadership strategy in realizing Independent Learning in schools. The study results show that implementing the independent curriculum makes teachers more professional through various coaching and training. The principal carries out his role as a mediator and motivator for teacher participation in curriculum training. The principal also acts as a participant in regular meetings or discussions. The principal also supervises evaluators in implementing the independent curriculum. The factor faced by school principals is the lack of smoothness of the internet network as a means for teachers to use technology in learning. School principals consider the expected results of the theories in the research in making decisions to answer problems and improve the quality or quality of education by implementing an independent curriculum.

This research aimed to investigate the effects of the process approach in developing students’ skills in writing scientific articles based on historical folklore. The subject of this study were 90 Satya Wacana Christian University students during the first semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. A qualitative approach was used in this study. The primary source of the data was the teaching-learning process in an academic writing class using a process approach. The procedure applied in this research was planning, acting, analyzing data, and report writing. Data were collected using field notes, teaching-learning process documentation, and learning outcomes. The data analysis was conducted through a series of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing some conclusions. Based on the results and discussions, it was concluded that the process approach improved university students’ academic writing skills. This increase could be observed in both the process and the results. The process approach improved students’ activeness during the teaching and learning process, academic writing skills, and the classroom atmosphere. Hence, the implementation of the process approach can increase university students’ skills in writing academic papers.

This study aims to evaluate: context, input, process, product, and outcome in the implementation of strengthening human resources in the Program Sekolah Penggerak at SMPN 1 Bringin. This type of research is descriptive evaluative to find out the description of a phenomenon and or its relationship with other phenomena. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation studies. Data validation using triangulation. Data analysis includes data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results of this study indicate: (1) Context. Teachers’ competencies is low, students character is not appropriate, and the school's cultural climate is less solid, and program improvements are needed; (2) Inputs. PSP with the Merdeka curriculum is the answer regarding a curriculum model that is in line with the development of the world of education where the readiness of stakeholders is well coordinated, (3) Process. Starting with program preparation, facilitation and implementation, mentoring, evaluation and reflection on all activities. (4) Products. Teachers are increasingly mastering digital devices, schools are equipping digital-based infrastructure to support learning activities, co-curricular, intra-curricular and extra-curricular activities are going well, at the end of the strengthening project a "Pagelaran" is held in the form of art performances and student product exhibitions, the internal condition of schools has built a climate culture good school. (5) the outcome, strengthening human resources in the PSP shows that the results of the performance of educators and education staff have increased where teachers are able to complete tasks with full responsibility, use new learning paradigms and learning differentiation.

Principal leadership has an essential role in advancing learning activities in schools. This study aims to determine the role of the principal's leadership in realizing the Freedom of Learning in Christian Schools. This study conducted a literature study to collect materials from books, journals, articles, and other sources related to school principals' leadership in realizing Independent Learning in Christian schools. The results of the study indicate that the principal's leadership role is (1) Responsible for teaching, encouraging, and directing the school community, (2) Planning, mobilizing, coordinating, and synchronizing all school resources, (3) Providing support in the implementation of the independent program of activities. Learning by preparing, financing, and documenting, (4) Creating a conducive school organizational culture, (5) Providing motivation, and (6) Carrying out various supervision and control.

Character education is essential for the life of a nation. The condition of the nation's character is alarming, marked by the number of bullying in schools, promiscuity, and increasing drug cases infecting school-age children. This can threaten the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore a special strategy is needed to shape the character of the nation's young generation. Character education is carried out in schools by being integrated into various activities at school. The implementation of the PPK program needs to be evaluated to find out all the things that happened during program implementation. The evaluation research conducted is program evaluation research. The evaluation model used is a goal-free evaluation model. Michael Scrieven developed the goal-free evaluation model. This evaluation model determines the planning, implementation, analysis, and follow-up of the character education strengthening program at Gugus Teuku Umar Salatiga. The planning stage of the character education supporting program at Gugus Teuku Umar has been carried out well. The character education strengthening program has been implemented in every activity in the school. The character education strengthening program implemented at Gugus Teuku Umar has a positive impact on student behavior and student achievement.1. The planning of the character education program at Gugus Teuku Umar from the planning stage has been carried out well. 2. The character education program has been implemented well but not yet to be optimal. 3. The stages of practical examination (check) have been carried out so that the implementation of the PPK program can influence the character education program to positively impact students both on behavior and attitudes as well as learning achievement. 4. 5. There has been a follow-up to implementing the PPK program in schools. This was done based on the results of the analysis. Programs with positive impacts will undoubtedly continue their implementation. Programs with more negative side effects will be updated or replaced with other programs.

This article explains the challenges of Protestant Christian Batak Church (Huria Kristen Batak Protestan – HKBP) educational institutions, especially those managed by the Protestant Batak Christian Huria Education Board (BPP-HKBP). The research aims to solve the problems of mapping HKBP primary and secondary educational institutions. By using the method of field research and school data, assisted by systems thinking theory analysis, the internal problems found in HKBP educational institutions are no longer one. Still, they are already in the form of a circle: a lousy reputation reduces the number of students making schools financially weak and lacking adequate human resources and infrastructure, which brought the importance even less. The way to break the deadlock is to find a way to strengthen the reputation in the form of branding new values. The Jobs to be Done theory helps this research see that the new value proposal must be based on the needs of prospective users of different generations. The result is that the study finds that the branding theme centered on values ??and character is the best solution to improve the image of HKBP educational institutions. This research helps improve the HKBP education institution’s management by mapping the user needs and providing answers to these needs, which could be helpful not only in HKBP but also in other educational institutions.

SMK Multistudi High School Batam is one of 895 SMKs in Indonesia selected by the government in 2021 to implement the SMK Center of Excellence program. This program hopes to help teachers solve every learning problem to prepare graduates ready to compete in the world of work. This quantitative study uses a sample of 45 teachers at SMK Multistudi High School Batam. This study aims to analyze the correlation between pedagogic competence and teacher confidence in the success of the SMK Center of Excellence program. The result of the study shows that there is a positive and significant correlation between pedagogical competence and the success of the Center for Excellence Vovatiobal High School program, with the result of the t-test showing t count 5.379 >ttable 1.679 ans sig.0.000< ? 0.05. It turns out that teacher self-confidence is not correlated with the success of the Center for Excellence Vocational High School program, where the t-score shows a t-score of 0.097 < t-table of 1.679 and sig.0.454 > ? 0.05. The study's results show a partially positive and significant correlation between pedagogical competence and teacher confidence in the success of the Center of Excellence in Vocational High School program, with the F test results showing a significance value of less than 0.05 (0.000<0.05). 

The quality of human resource performance was influenced by the welfare of human resources that can be provided as salaries/income to employees. Several theories are used to determine employee salaries or income, including pay for performance and position theory. In determining employee salaries, reasonable financial projections are needed in educational institutions. One projection method that can be used is the Capital Budgeting method, utilizing a profitability index model. The method used in this study is descriptive analytics by using a profitability index model to calculate projections and considering Pay for Performance and Pay for Position on pesantren expenditure items. The subject of this study was the management of Darullughah Wal Karomah Islamic Boarding School, namely the head, treasurer, head of staffing, and principal under the auspices of the pesantren with stages of data collection through interviews and document studies, implementation of analysis, and focus group discussion. Based on the calculation of pay for performance and pay for position and combined with the results of calculating the profitability index, it was found that the form of awards in the form of income that is suitable for use by pesantren is the use of pay for position theory for pesantren administrators and pay for performance for teachers and education staff. The results of this research can be used as a basis for Islamic boarding schools to compile guidelines for providing income to employees.

Pandemi Covid-19 telah berlangsung sekitar 2 tahun semenjak awal Maret tahun 2019. Virus yang berasal dari Wuhan China ini berhasil menginfeksi beberapa operasi di dunia. Virus ini dikatakan berasal dari hewan kelelawar yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sana namun masih banyak persepsi mengenai asal dari virus ini. Virus ini menyerang imunitas tubuh sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan pernafasan kehilangan indra penciuman atau disebut juga anosmia. Tak hanya gangguan pernapasan dan anosmia ini sangat ganas hingga mendapatkan berapa orang sampai dirawat di ICU untuk mendapatkan ventilator. Karena hal inilah tanya rumah sakit di dunia khususnya di Indonesia mengalami overload dikarenakan banyaknya pasien yang menderita penyakit ini. Berbagai macam obat diminum atau dicoba oleh masyarakat baik itu obat yang dari resep dokter obat tradisional yang dipercaya dapat menyembuhkan penyakit Covid-19 ini. Konstruksi masyarakat terhadap obat tradisional   inilah yang secara masif diterapkan oleh beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Salah satu obat tradisional yang terkenal di berbagai daerah yaitu "jamu Corona" yang terbuat dari berbagai campuran rempah rempah yang sangat khas di Indonesia.