The geomorphological condition of Fakfak Regency is dominated by limestone. It makes ground water difficult to access. The clean water crisis in Fakfak Regency requires people to look for alternative sources of clean water such as rainwater. However, during the dry season, people will have great difficulty with clean water. Cloudfisher or fog catcher is a technique for collecting fog that have condensed into water. Cloudfisher's ability to catch fog or dew and produce water varies depending on the situation with an average of around 2 liters – 10 liters/m2/day. The ability of this technology to produce water depends on the net material used, the size of the net, the direction and model of the net, and the location of the net placement. In this research, the potential cloudfisher to produce water in Fakfak Regency will be examined, with the ultimate aim of seeing how effectively this technology is applied in Fakfak Regency in terms of the amount of water produced. The method used in this research is a field study by reviewing locations in Fakfak Regency with the altitude, fog conditions, temperature and humidity that are most suitable for the application of cloudfisher technology. The fog catcher was installed using a standard research model using 65% and 85% cover nets. Each fog catcher material was installed for 1 month and the amount of water captured by the tool was checked every morning at 06.30 am. The location of the fog catcher is based on several factors including altitude, air humidity, fog frequency, temperature and wind speed. The average water volume obtained in the 65% cover net was 59.6 ml while in the 85% cover net it was 26.24 ml. Factors that influence the amount of water obtained are net material, net cover, fishing area, equipment placement, and weather. The fog catcher (cloudfisher) in Fakfak Regency has the potential to be used but still requires further research regarding the design and materials used so that more water can be obtained and can be used by local communities as an alternative source of clean water

The research with the title Application of Fire and Gas Detection Systems takes place at the North Field Expansion Project (NFXP). The methods used are direct observation, interviews, simulations and literature studies. The objectives of the study were to determine the application of fire and gas detection systems, and  to determine the challenges in the application of fire and gas detection systems in the North Field Expansion Project (NFXP). The results obtained  show that the Fire and Gas Detection System implemented at NFXP is in compliance with international safety standards, and the system is able to detect fire threats and gas leaks with high efficiency through advanced detector technology, automatic response, and integration with other safety systems such as IPS and HVAC. The effectiveness of the system is reflected in the ability to detect threats in less than 5 seconds, with detection coverage that meets the target of 90% by one detector and 85% by two or more detectors. The main challenges in the implementation of fire and gas detection systems include extreme environmental conditions, such as corrosion due to exposure to seawater and high temperatures, and false alarms that reach around 15%. Another obstacle is the lack of technical training for personnel in operating and maintaining the system.

Mahakam Working Area (WK Mahakam) is one of the largest oil and gas working areas in Indonesia managed by PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam (PHM). WK Mahakam has large gas reserves, making it one of the largest contributors to national gas production. This study aims to determine the process of gas well production and know the technology used in the gas production process and know the efforts in increasing gas production in the Mahakam working area. The methods used are direct observation, interviews and literature studies. The results showed that the gas well production process consists of several stages, namely drilling, pipe installation, and gas processing.The technology used in the gas well production process includes directional drilling technology, horizontal drilling technology, Artificial Lift technology and Enhanced Oil Recovery technology. The efforts made by the company to increase gas production include exploration of new gas wells, development of gas production technology, improvement of production production, development of Artificial Lift technology, Enhanced Oil Recovery technology, a n d worker skills and implementation of digital technology.

This research focuses on improving English vocabulary and speaking confidence among students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms through the implementation of Alphabet Box Learning. Many EFL students struggle with limited vocabulary and a lack of confidence when speaking, which hinders their communicative competence. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Alphabet Box Learning in addressing these problems by providing an engaging and student-centered learning experience. The study employed a quasi-experimental method involving 65 students of SMP Kristen 1 Soe. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, classroom observations, and student questionnaires to assess improvements in vocabulary mastery and speaking confidence. The findings revealed that students who participated in Alphabet Box Learning activities showed significant gains in vocabulary acquisition and their willingness to speak in class were increased. The interactive nature of the method, which combines visual, tactile, and verbal elements, created a supportive environment that encouraged active participation and reduced speaking anxiety. In conclusion, Alphabet Box Learning is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing both vocabulary and speaking confidence among EFL learners. Its implementation provides meaningful, engaging, and low-anxiety language learning experiences, making it a valuable addition to communicative language teaching practices.

This study aims to analyze the effect of unemployment rate and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on poverty rate in Indonesia in the period 2000-2023. The method used is an associative quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from the World Bank. Data processing uses EViews through stationarity test, cointegration, classical assumptions, and Error Correction Model (ECM). The results of the study indicate that unemployment rate has a negative but insignificant effect on poverty, while GDP has a negative and significant effect. Simultaneously, unemployment and GDP have a significant effect on poverty rate in Indonesia. The coefficient of determination shows that both variables explain 50.46% of the variation in poverty rate. This finding confirms the importance of increasing GDP as the main strategy in reducing poverty rate in Indonesia.

Indonesia merupakan negara yang kaya akan keanekaragaman baik dari suku bangsa, budaya, tradisi, dan lain-lain. Keanekaragaman tersebut menjadi suatu ciri khas dari bangsa Indonesia dan menjadi hal yang unik. Selain itu ditengah perkembangan zaman menuju era globalisasi menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi bangsa Indonesia. Kebudayaan barat akibat dari modernisasi dan westernisasi masuk mempengaruh kebudayaan lokal Indonesia. Kota Surabaya merupakan kota terpadat kedua di Indonesia. Surabaya menjadi salah satu kota yang terpengaruh modernisasi dan westernisasi kebudayaan barat. Lambat laut kebudayaan lokal yang berasal dari kota Surabaya mulai pudar. Namun di daerah Surabaya Barat yaitu wilayah Kelurahan Lidah Wetan, masyarakat sekitar masih mempertahankan salah satu tradisi yaitu tradisi Kirab Sawunggaling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, karena metode ini lebih cocok digunakan dalam penelitian yang memahami tentang fenomena sosial untuk melihat dan meneliti kondisi dari objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi tradisi Kirab Sawunggaling ditengah kepungan kebudayaan barat yaitu modernisasi dan westernisasi, dan mengetahui bagaimana masyarakat melestarikan dan memelihara tradisi ini hingga sekarang.

This study investigates the pyrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) using the open-source process simulation software DWSIM to evaluate the impact of temperature on product distribution, particularly bio-oil, biochar, and pyrolysis gas. OPEFB, an abundant lignocellulosic waste from Indonesia’s palm oil industry, holds significant potential as a renewable biomass feedstock. The simulation model was developed based on thermochemical conversion principles and was validated against selected experimental data from the literature. Results show that pyrolysis temperature significantly influences the yield and composition of the products. The gas yield increased with temperature up to 460°C, dominated by CO, CO?, and H? due to the decomposition of volatile organic matter. However, gas yield declined beyond 460°C, likely due to secondary reactions converting gas precursors into liquid products. The optimal temperature was found to be around 510°C, offering a balanced yield of bio-oil and gas with minimal biochar formation. The chemical composition of bio-oil included furfural, phenols, alcohols, and acetic acid—compounds derived from the breakdown of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Biochar yield decreased with temperature, but its quality improved in terms of carbon content and fixed carbon fraction. This study highlights the utility of DWSIM as an accessible and transparent tool for simulating biomass pyrolysis. Future work should focus on refining the kinetic parameters, experimental validation of simulation results, and integrating downstream processing for fuel and chemical recovery.

Students' lack of interest in learning to write the text of the Class X newspaper depends on the completeness of the content (elements of the newspaper), spelling and punctuation, and structure of the newspaper. This study aims to describe the results of applying the project-based learning model in learning to write news texts for Class X students of SMA N 01 Tanjung in the 2023-2024 academic year. This study is included in the experimental research with the descriptive quantitative approach. The data obtained in this study were collected by observation (observation) and questionnaire (questionnaire), while purposive sampling was used. The type used in this study is a one-shot case study. After data analysis, the results of this study are as follows: 1) in the aspect of knowledge, there are 28 students, or 78%, who obtained scores above the KKM, while 8 students, or 22%, have not completed the KKM. From the percentage, the completeness of the value was obtained at 77.27. 2). In the aspect of skills, there were 30 students, or 83%, obtained grades above KKM, while 6 students, or 17%, had not reached KKM completeness. From the present, the completeness value was obtained by 81.33. Thus, applying the project-based learning model in learning to write news text for class X9 students can influence the achievement of the specified learning goals.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biomaterial containing calcium phosphate with the chemical formula which is similar to the structure of human bone, so it is good for the purpose of healing human bones and teeth. HAp synthesis has several methods that can affect the results of HAp synthesis, such as the method of mixing CaO with phosphate, namely mixing with ultrasonic machines and magnetic stirrers. However, the discussion about the difference of HAp results with the mixing method of ultrasonic machine and magnetic stirrer is still rarely done. Therefore, it is important to examine and compare the characteristics of HAp synthesized by ultrasonic and magnetic stirrer mixing. The result of XRD test shows that HA1 has a purity of weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 99.8%, while HA2 has a weight percentage (wt.%) of HAp crystal of 97.7%. For the FTIR test results of both specimens detected the presence of phosphate groups, and hydoxide, where both are the basic form of hydroxyapatite. Carbonate groups were also detected in the test, but it cannot be said to be bad because carbonate is a natural substitute for phosphate. 

This research aimed to identify the specific methodological features of training teachers in artistic disciplines, focusing on the specialty 025 “Musical Art” within the context of European integration processes. This study aimed to analyse existing educational and professional programmes, evaluate the quality of specialist training, and examine the incorporation and effectiveness of innovative and interactive technologies in forming the professional competencies of future educators in culture and arts. A qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted using data from educational programmes at Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, the National Academy of Managers of Culture and Arts, and Lviv National Academy of Arts. The study included the examination of student surveys, institutional reports, and labour market statistics to assess educational practices, digital technology integration, and alignment with European standards. The impact of external factors such as martial law and the COVID-19 pandemic on the educational process was also considered. The results indicate that while foundational professional competencies and general skills are developed effectively, there is insufficient integration of innovative technologies, “soft” skills, and interdisciplinary approaches. The study revealed challenges in distance learning implementation, resource limitations, and the need for enhanced cooperation with international institutions. The use of virtual and augmented reality and dual education methods remains underutilized. The findings provide a basis for updating educational programmes and methodological support to improve training quality and competitiveness of art discipline educators in the European educational space.