This study aims to evaluate whether numerical results from IRE exams can accurately reflect students' overall spiritual comprehension. Through both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study finds that relying solely on test scores is insufficient to assess students’ faith and spiritual insight. Significant differences in learning outcomes between schools suggest that variations in teaching methods and assessment systems contribute to these disparities. Interviews with students and teachers reveal that IRE exams, which tend to emphasize memorization, fall short in uncovering deeper understanding of religious values. In contrast, assessment approaches that are more relevant to everyday life, encourage reflection, utilize narrative methods, and observe student behavior are perceived as more effective. Therefore, an ideal model for assessing Islamic Religious Education should integrate both cognitive evaluation and spiritual reflection through a comprehensive, holistic approach. By combining written assessments with contextual inquiry, personal reflection, and behavioral observation, educators can gain a more accurate and authentic picture of students’ religious understanding. Such a multifaceted evaluation system not only enhances the relevance of PAI but also supports the formation of students who genuinely embody Islamic values in their daily lives.

The rise of digital technology has brought about many benefits. Digitalization brings lots of changes in both positive and negative impacts on the character development of Generation Z. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed to overcome the moral decadence of the young muslim generation. This study aims to analyze the story of Lukman al-Hakim in educating children which has been narrated in the Qur'an. This study uses the library research method to analyze sources from books, tafsir books, and journal articles about Lukman al-Hakim’s story. Using content analysis techniques, this study concluded that moral education contained in the story of Lukman al-Hakim, which includes monotheism, worship, and morals, is material that is very much needed in the digital era. In the era of information technology, the role of parents as role models in children's character education is very much needed. Parents can guide their children to face the negative influence of digital media with a stronger religious character, including spiritual and moral values, worship to God, and fellowship to human beings. So that social media, which is often consumed by young generation in excess, is not used as a living guide in daily life.

This research aims to (1) Understand the contextual-based mathematics learning process and current Islamic values. (2) Produce a contextually based Mathematics E-Module product design and Islamic values ??in Class VIII SPLDV material carried out by the Batanghari Islamic Qurani Middle School. The type of research used is research and development (Research and Development) using the ADDIE model, which consists of 5 stages. The research subjects were 13 students in class VIII of SMP Islam Qurani Batanghari. Data collection techniques in this research used interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data obtained is the validity and practicality of the product. The results of this research identified that there is no innovation in the learning process in learning methods that only use general methods, namely lecture, discussion, demonstration, and memorization. Our teaching materials also include student worksheets (LKS) and teacher handbooks. Then, this study produced a product in the form of a contextually based Mathematics E-Module and Islamic values ??, which received the predicate of validity with an average score of 91%, and practicality based on student response questionnaires with an average score of 87% with very practical criteria. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the Mathematics E-Module based on contextual and Islamic values ??in SPLDV Class VIII material at Islamic Middle School Qurani Batanghari is suitable for use as teaching material in junior high schools.

Personal data protection has become an urgent legal issue in the digital era, especially with the increasing risks of data misuse. This study aims to analyze and compare the legal frameworks of Indonesia's Personal Data Protection Law No. 27 of 2022 and the United Kingdom's Data Protection Act 2018 in protecting the rights of data subjects. Using a normative juridical method with a comparative legal approach, this study examines key principles, enforcement mechanisms, and institutional structures in both legal systems. The research finds that while both laws emphasize individual data rights and accountability, the UK has a more established institutional framework (ICO) compared to Indonesia, which still lacks an independent supervisory authority. The novelty of this research lies in offering bilateral legal harmonization insights and adaptation strategies for Indonesia to meet international standards like GDPR while maintaining cultural and institutional relevance. The study concludes that Indonesia must strengthen its legal institutions and adopt a phased approach to regulatory convergence through establishing an independent data protection authority, capacity building, public legal awareness programs, and regional cooperation frameworks. It recommends a gradual harmonization roadmap starting from ASEAN PDP Framework implementation to eventual GDPR-style reforms to improve data protection effectiveness in the digital age.

This research aims to analyze digital bank customer protection regarding cases of fund losses in accounts based on Indonesian positive law, examining the legal framework governing consumer protection in digital banking services. The urgency of this study stems from the rapid advancement of information technology in the banking sector, which is creating new challenges and cases, including instances of customer fund losses from accounts through system failures and cyber attacks. This research employs a qualitative approach with an empirical normative design, analyzing legal provisions, regulations, and their practical implementation in protecting digital bank customers. The findings reveal that digital banks are specifically regulated in POJK No. 12/POJK.03/2021 and must apply consumer protection principles according to POJK No. 6/POJK.07/2022, including transparency, fair treatment, reliability, confidentiality, and data security. The study demonstrates that fund losses due to system failures or hacking constitute violations of electronic system reliability and security principles as regulated in the ITE Law, with consumer protection guaranteed by Law No. 8 of 1999 and Law No. 10 of 1998 on Banking. This research contributes new insights into the intersection of digital banking regulation and consumer protection law, revealing gaps in current enforcement mechanisms, particularly regarding third-party cyber crimes, and proposes enhanced protective measures for Indonesia's growing digital banking sector. This study recommends strengthening regulatory enforcement mechanisms, expanding bank liability frameworks for external cyber crimes, and enhancing cybersecurity infrastructure to ensure comprehensive customer protection in digital banking.

In today’s era, the use of renewable energy is increasingly becoming a major focus in energy increasingly becoming carbon emissions. One of the applications of renewable energy in industrial life is the use of solar panels for street lighting systems, especially on toll road lights that  require continuous and efficient lighting. This study aims to analyze the basic theory of how solar panels work an their application to toll road lights, taking into account energy efficiency, power deviation, and stability of electricity supply. The analysis method is carried out through literature studies and mathematical calculation in the application of solar panels to toll road lights. The result of the analysis show that the solar panle system is able to meet the energy needs of toll road lights, especially in areas with high sunlight intensity. In addition, the use if lithium batteries as energy storage has proven effective in maintaining the stability of electricity supply at night or in cloudy weather

Psychological tests are widely used to reveal various aspects of the individual as needed, one type of psychological test that exists is a personality test. Personality tests can be divided into objective tests and projective tests. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of objective and projective personality tests to reveal aspects of individual personality by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each test. This research was conducted using a qualitative method in the form of a literature study by reading articles and journals that are linear with the research topic. The results of this research are: 1) Advantages and Disadvantages Between Objective and Projective Tests, 2) Ideal Time to Use One of the Two Types of Personality Tests, 3) Case Studies Regarding the Use of Objective and Projective Personality Tests.

Sengketa waris dalam hukum Islam sering kali menuntut adanya peran mujtahid, khususnya hakim, dalam menafsirkan dan menerapkan kaidah hukum untuk mencapai keadilan bagi para pihak. Tujuan penelitian ini ini menganalisis peran mujtahid dalam suatu kasus sengketa waris yang melibatkan status harta bersama, harta bawaan, serta keberadaan utang pewaris. Berdasarkan Pasal 35 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, serta Pasal 97 Kompilasi Hukum Islam, hakim harus memastikan bahwa pembagian harta dilakukan sesuai ketentuan hukum Islam. Dalam kasus ini, hakim sebagai mujtahid menilai bahwa harta yang disengketakan merupakan harta bersama yang belum dibagi, sehingga janda pewaris berhak atas setengah bagian sebelum pembagian warisan kepada ahli waris lainnya. Selain itu, dalam menentukan keberadaan utang pewaris, hakim menggunakan prinsip pembuktian dalam Pasal 163 HIR dan Pasal 174 HIR, di mana pengakuan tergugat di persidangan menjadi bukti sempurna terkait utang yang diakui. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif  dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran mujtahid dalam kasus ini tidak hanya sebatas menerapkan hukum secara tekstual, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan aspek keadilan substantif dengan mengacu pada dalil-dalil hukum, fakta persidangan, dan prinsip keadilan dalam Islam. Dengan demikian, penerapan ijtihad oleh hakim dalam perkara ini memastikan bahwa pembagian warisan dilakukan secara sah, adil, dan sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku. Dalam putusan nomor 596/Pdt.G/2023/PA.SKA dalam sengketa waris putusan tersebut hanya saja diselesaikan antara kedua belah pihak yang bersengketa sehingga menurut penulis perlu adanya keberadaan mujtahid dalam sengketa waris tersebut agar memberikan kepastian hukum jelas.

This community service aims to foster an entrepreneurial spirit through optimizing community creativity in processing pineapple into processed products. This community service uses a training method targeting PKK mothers in Belik Village, Belik District, Pemalang Regency. The training activity was carried out on June 30, 2024 at the Belik Village Hall. The PKK mothers were very enthusiastic about participating in the pineapple wingko making activity. This was proven by their attention to following the activity until it was finished. The result of this community service was that there was one MSME that succeeded in making pineapple wingko and marketing it in the village environment. Although it is still at the village level, this proves that an entrepreneurial spirit has been built so that it generates additional income. Pineapple is the main agricultural commodity in Belik District which can be developed through diversification of processed products that have high selling value and increase the selling value of pineapple. Pineapples, which are usually sold whole as fruit, are now being developed into pineapple wingko.

This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of legislation in the management and protection of peatlands in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, as well as to identify the main obstacles and legal strategies that can be applied to overcome them. The background of the issue highlights that peatlands have significant ecological functions, particularly in maintaining environmental balance and mitigating climate change. Their existence faces serious threats due to land conversion, fires, and uncontrolled exploitation. The urgency of this research lies in the need to review the effectiveness of the regulations that have been implemented to ensure the sustainability of the peatland ecosystem functions, as well as the balance between utilization and environmental conservation. This research adopts a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical method. The data used consists of secondary data obtained through a literature study of legislation, court decisions, scientific journals, and relevant policy documents. The novelty of this study lies in its specific focus on examining the implementation of legal regulations in peatland management in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, differing from previous studies that have been more general at the national level. The research findings indicate that the main obstacles in the implementation of peatland management laws include weak law enforcement, regulatory overlaps, conflicts of interest, and low public legal awareness. To address these challenges, optimal strategies are required, including strengthening coordination among state institutions, harmonizing regulations, enforcing strict sanctions, and utilizing technology for monitoring and law enforcement. With these strategies, it is expected that a balance between the utilization and protection of peatlands can be achieved in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.
 
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas implementasi peraturan perundang-undangan dalam pengelolaan dan perlindungan lahan gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur serta mengidentifikasi hambatan utama dan strategi hukum yang dapat diterapkan guna mengatasinya. Latar belakang permasalahan menunjukkan bahwa lahan gambut memiliki fungsi ekologis yang signifikan, terutama dalam menjaga keseimbangan lingkungan dan mitigasi perubahan iklim. Keberadaannya menghadapi ancaman serius akibat konversi lahan, kebakaran, serta eksploitasi yang tidak terkendali. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada perlunya peninjauan efektivitas regulasi yang telah diterapkan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan fungsi ekosistem gambut serta keseimbangan antara pemanfaatan dan konservasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis.  Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada fokusnya yang secara spesifik menelaah implementasi hukum dalam pengelolaan lahan gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, berbeda dari kajian sebelumnya yang lebih bersifat umum pada tingkat nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala utama dalam implementasi hukum pengelolaan lahan gambut meliputi lemahnya penegakan hukum, tumpang tindih regulasi, konflik kepentingan, serta minimnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut, diperlukan strategi optimal berupa penguatan koordinasi antar lembaga negara, harmonisasi regulasi, penerapan sanksi tegas, serta pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pengawasan dan penegakan hukum. Dengan strategi ini, diharapkan keseimbangan antara pemanfaatan dan perlindungan lahan gambut dapat terwujud sesuai dengan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan.