In recent years, STEM education has gained significant attention globally and, in particular, in Vietnam. This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the implementation of STEM education in Vietnam. This study had the objective of identifying key factors affecting the adoption of STEM education in Vietnamese schools. A survey was conducted with 865 teachers from 120 schools across Vietnam to examine these influencing factors. The methodology employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches, including surveys and data analysis to determine the impact of various factors on the successful implementation of STEM education. The results revealed that the national general education program is the most significant factor influencing STEM implementation in schools. Other contributing factors include the qualifications and awareness of teachers regarding STEM education, limited school facilities, and the content of assessment tests in teaching, all of which play important roles in the implementation process. In conclusion, this study presents recommendations and policy suggestions aimed at improving the implementation of STEM education in schools in Vietnam. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive examination of multiple factors influencing STEM education at the school level in Vietnam, offering new insights for educators and policymakers.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of PowerPoint-based digital learning media "Animals Education" in improving the retention ability of Phase A students at SDN 1 Kuta, Central Lombok. This quasi-experimental study used quantitative data analysis. Data were gathered using tests and examined with paired sample t-tests, independent samples t-tests, N-gain analysis, and effect size tests. The findings are as follows: (1) The paired sample t-test for the experimental group showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in students' retention scores before and after the intervention; (2) the independent samples t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, suggesting a significant difference in retention between the experimental and control groups; (3) the N-gain score for the experimental group was 0.47, classified as moderate; (4) the effect size for the experimental group was 3.05, indicating that the use of digital "Animals Education" media is highly effective in enhancing student retention.

This study investigates the predictive relationships between social and psychological factors, namely, family economic education, peer conformity, social media, and adolescent consumer behavior, with lifestyle as a mediating variable. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 400 adolescents in Semarang City, Indonesia. The analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM, which is suitable for prediction-oriented models and mediation testing. The results indicate that social media exerts the most decisive influence on adolescents’ lifestyle, significantly affecting consumer behavior. Lifestyle was confirmed as a key mediator, transmitting the influence of all three predictors to actual consumption behavior. Family economic education emerged as the most influential factor in directly shaping rational and responsible consumption behavior, whereas social media was the dominant force in shaping lifestyle patterns. These findings highlight the dual role of socialization agents: media as a digital lifestyle influencer, and the family as a foundational source of economic values and decision-making skills. The study suggests that educational institutions, families, and communities should collaborate to promote financial literacy and responsible lifestyle choices through social media platforms. Moreover, integrating educational influencers should strategically guide youth toward sustainable and informed consumption behaviors.

This paper analyzes the exhaust emission, noise, and performance of 110cc motorcycles experimentally through PCCS exhausts compared to standard exhausts. This study adopts an experimental method involving three tests: exhaust emission testing based on the SNI 09-7118.1-2005 standard, noise measurement using the static test procedure according to the UN-R 41-04 standard, and performance evaluation conducted with an inertial dynamometer. Implementing the PCCS exhaust system on a 110 cc automatic motorcycle positively impacts exhaust emissions, noise levels, and engine performance. Compared to the standard exhaust, the PCCS significantly reduces CO and HC emissions by 78.99% and 55.99%, respectively, while maintaining noise levels within regulatory limits in urban conditions. In terms of performance, the PCCS delivers higher torque and power output, particularly in the 3500–5500 RPM range, which aligns with typical riding conditions. These improvements are attributed to the system’s efficient exhaust flow and reduced backpressure. The PCCS exhaust presents a promising solution for enhancing environmental sustainability, performance, and rider comfort in small-displacement motorcycles.

This study aimed to build structural modeling of teacherpreneurship spirit determinants in prospective teacher students and analyze the influence of self-efficacy and family support on the teacherpreneurship spirit of economic education students through student involvement in Lantip. This study uses the IEO Astin Model theory proposed by A.W. Astin (1984). This study used a quantitative approach with a causality design based on structural modeling and testing of variable relationships. The research methods used are descriptive statistical analysis and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling analysis. The results of this study indicate that self-efficacy and family support have a positive and significant effect on student involvement in teaching practice. Self-efficacy, family support, and student involvement in teaching practice positively and significantly affect teacherpreneurship. Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on the spirit of teacherpreneurship through student involvement in teaching practice, and family support has a positive and insignificant effect on the spirit of teacherpreneurship through student involvement in teaching instruction. The suggestion is for pre-teacher students to be more active in increasing their insight to improve the spirit of teacherpreneurship and become professional teachers.

key factors in brand loyalty in NBRS, one of Indonesia's leading modest fashion brands, which is currently experiencing a decline in sales performance despite market growth. This contrast suggests that NBRS's market share losses were primarily due to brand-specific issues, particularly loyalty, rather than an overall market recession. Using a quantitative approach involving a structural equation modeling technique (SEM-PLS), based on a sample of 113 NBRS consumers, this study examines the roles of brand image, perceived value, and brand trust. The results show that brand image and perceived value positively influence brand loyalty, both directly and indirectly through brand trust. An internal analysis using a VRIO framework indicates that NBRS possesses strategic assets like a well-structured distribution network and partnership arrangement, while the external analysis using Porter's Five Forces Framework highlights high competition in the market, increasing threats from substitutes, and high bargaining power of buyers. Based on these insights, integrated marketing communication (IMC) strategies including digital advertising, sales promotions, public relations, experiential events, interactive content, and personal selling are recommended to improve the perceived value, brand image, and brand trust toward the brand loyalty.

This study examines the effect of social capital and entrepreneurial leadership on the performance of MSMEs with innovation capability as a mediating variable. The population of this study was culinary sector MSMEs in Semarang City, with a sample of 193 respondents determined by Taro Yamane formula. Data analysis techniques include validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, and hypothesis testing using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through SmartPLS version 4.0. The results show that social capital and entrepreneurial leadership have a positive effect on innovation capability and MSME performance. This finding confirms the role of innovation capability as a mediating variable that strengthens the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurial leadership on MSME performance. For further research, it is recommended to include other variables such as market orientation and different leadership styles in order to expand the conceptual model developed.